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Biomedical subjects

A Schlosberg

Publications and source records attributed to A Schlosberg.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Severe hepatopathy in geese and broilers associated with ochratoxin in their feed.

The feeding of a shipment of imported corn was associated with a severe reduction in growth and increased mortality in geese, and increased mortality in broilers. Pathological examinations revealed hepatopathy, visceral gout and mild nephropathy in geese, and in broilers an hepatopathy, which was often severe, and ascites. Samples of feed from affected geese farms were examined for up to 24 mycotoxins, and ochratoxin was found in 6 of 15 samples at levels up to 930 ng/g. The syndrome was experimentally reproduced by feeding geese and broilers suspect feeds with the natural ochratoxin contamination. It is believed that another, unidentified, mycotoxin was the major cause of the hepatotoxicity, and that ochratoxin served in this case as an indicator of a multi-mycotoxin involvement.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1993

[Chest pain and anxiety-panic disorders in a primary care clinic].

Chest pain is one of the most common complaints in primary care clinics. About 10-30% of patients with chest pain diagnosed as suffering from angina pectoris have normal coronary angiograms. Some of them suffer from psychiatric disorders. We present a 47-year-old man with several risk factors for ischemic heart disease: smoker in the past, obesity, hyperlipidemia and family history of coronary disease. He had complaints typical of anginal syndrome and normal coronary arteriograms. After 1.5 years of unsuccessful medical treatment, he was referred to the psychiatrist in the primary care clinic who diagnosed anxiety and panic disorders with somatization. All cardiac drugs were stopped and psychopharmacological treatment and psychotherapy were started immediately. Within a month he was almost free of symptoms and was treated successfully for a year. Treatment was then stopped and he has remained symptom-free for the past 4 years. We conclude that in such atypical somatic cases, only the collaboration of general practitioner and psychiatrist will lead to quick diagnosis and successful treatment.

Chest Pain↗
PubMed1993

Psychiatric stigma and mental health professionals (stigmatizers and destigmatizers).

This article presents a definition of the term psychiatric stigma, its development, dynamics and role in society. The role that psychiatrists have played in the past and are playing in the present is described. The different factors that influence this role are elucidated culturally, professionally and economically. Examples are given of where psychiatrists act as destigmatizers and, on the other hand, as stigmatizers. The article stresses the point that psychiatrists should always be on the alert that in fulfilling their therapeutic role they can either stigmatize more or destigmatize their patients. Consideration should be taken in the overall approach so that the benefits to a patient are always more than his or her losses. Psychiatrists and mental health professionals must constantly be alert to ensure that they are acting in the best interest of the patient.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tasting in paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenic patients.

The present study reports on the association between Phenylthiocarbamide tasting for paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenic patients. The incidence of PTC tasting is highly variable, and tasters and nontasters are frequently associated with some pathological states. 25 paranoid and 25 nonparanoid schizophrenic patients were examined for their PTC taste sensitivity. Frequency of paranoid tasters resembles the distribution of the normal population, whereas the nonparanoid patients are significantly different in their taste thresholds, with a higher incidence of nontasters. The members of this latter group have twice the incidence of psychiatric illness in their family histories as those of the former group. The significance of these findings is discussed as related to vulnerability for schizophrenia.

Arousal↗
PubMed1991

Zuclopenthixol acetate in viscoleo in acutely disturbed psychotic patients.

This report describes an open pilot study of ten acutely disturbed and agitated psychotic patients who received CPT-A zuclopenthixol injections. The dosage ranged from 50 mg to 100 mg. Sedative effects were noticed already after 2 hours, and the patients were all sleepy and sedated after 8 hours. There was a definite improvement in the CGI within 24 hours. The BPRS improved within 24 hours, having the greatest effect on activation, anxiety, depression, and hostile suspiciousness. These effects were sufficient to control these patients. The findings show a rapid onset of therapeutic effect, with no side effects, a duration of 2-3 days and a good local tolerability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Traffic violations in schizophrenics before and after hospitalization].

Many countries, including Israel, impose driving restrictions on schizophrenic patients. However, there are conflicting views as to the way these patients drive. Some studies suggest that compared to the nonpsychiatric population they violate traffic regulations more often, but other studies have found no differences between the 2 groups. In the present study (1980-81), the driving of schizophrenic patients was examined with regard to traffic violations and fines, 6 years before and 6 years after hospitalization. Of the 82 schizophrenic patients examined, 15 were paranoid. The schizophrenic patients did not accumulate more traffic violations or fines than the control group, nor was there any difference between paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenic patients. Men had fewer traffic violations and fines after hospitalization, while in women there was no difference.

Automobile Driving↗
PubMed1989

Effects of a psychiatrists' strike on emergency psychiatric referral and admissions.

This is a report on the effects of a psychiatrists' strike in Israel on emergency psychiatric referrals and admissions from two catchment areas. One had comprehensive psychiatric services, the other did not. Three periods were compared - before, during and after the strike. During the strike period, overall referrals to the emergency room decreased by 3.9%. A significant 15.8% decrease in referrals was registered in the comprehensive psychiatric service area, and an 11.4% increase in referrals in the other catchment area. Although no increase was seen in total emergency admissions during the strike, involuntary admissions increased by 21.6%, within the catchment area which did not have a comprehensive service, whereas within the area with the comprehensive service there was a significant decrease of 33% in involuntary admissions. The impact of these services on emergency referrals and admissions, especially during the strike, is discussed.

Emergency Services, Psychiatric↗
PubMed1978

Sleep patterns in three acute combat fatigue cases.

A preliminary report is presented on the sleep patterns of three combat fatigued patients with recurrent nightmares, insomnia, low frustration thresholds and impotence. All the patients had undergone acute partial sleep deprivation prior to their breakdown. The results show severe deficiency in REM sleep and absence of stage 4 sleep. EMG was usually high with numerous body movements and bursts of tachycardia throughout the night. Nightmares occurred in stage 2. Total effective sleep time was between 129' and 250'. Most of the sleep was in stage 2, and patients woke up with the feeling that "they had not slept at all." It is hypothesized that acute partial sleep deprivation prior to breakdown was an important predisposing factor, and that chronic partial sleep deprivation was a constant aggravating factor of combat fatigue. Replacement therapy for the specific deficient sleep states is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Problems in community psychiatry: difficulties, constraints and future considerations.

The difficulties and constraints of community psychiatry are reviewed from the feeling of omnipotence and false hopes it has engendered, to the problems posed for the psychiatrist (threat to status, unclear identity, conflicting demands and the necessity for increased training). Administrative problems and difficulties in providing effective care in the new system are outlined: isolation of community psychiatry from the mainstream of medicine due to reliance on the social rather than the medical model, necessity for decentralization leading to fragmentation of services, pressures from local interest groups, lack of continuity of service and disruption in the flow of information. The myriad of pressures to which the community psychiatry center is vulnerable are described: local groups seeking to politicize the center, conflict within the center as to most appropriate method of treatment, pressure to solve social problems such as crime and addiction, and the ever-present weight of setting priorities under conditions of limited financial and manpower resources. Means of dealing with many of these difficulties are discussed, and a model of a community psychiatry center is presented which minimizes the problems and maximizes service to the community and the individual.

Community Psychiatry↗