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Biomedical subjects

A Schrader

Publications and source records attributed to A Schrader.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumors--is there a difference between treatment under general anaesthesia and under conscious sedation?

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to compare feasibility, complication rate and local tumor control after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of pulmonary tumors under conscious analgo-sedation (AS) versus general anaesthesia (GA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within 36 months 21 patients had RFA (36 tumors, 26 treatment sessions). One patient suffered from NSCLC, 20 had metastases (breast (8/20), colorectal (6/20), renal cell (2/20), pharyngeal carcinoma (1/20), malignant melanoma (3/20)). Patients were no surgical candidates due to underlying comorbidities. Eleven of 26 treatments were performed under GA, while in 15 of 26 treatments AS was used. Follow-up was scheduled 24 h, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and then every 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: RFA was feasible in all treatments under GA, while under AS targeting of the lesion was not possible in 2/15. Six adverse events occurred in the GA group (three major, three minor), while seven complications happened in the AS group (three major, four minor) (p=0.57). During follow-up of 3-36 months local recurrence was detected in 3 of 21 tumors in the GA group and in 2 of 15 tumors in the AS group (p=0.79). DISCUSSION: Hospitalization, complication rates and types, and the rate of local tumor control did not differ substantially among both groups. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in technical success and feasibility. CONCLUSION: RFA of pulmonary tumors under GA or AS did not result in different tumor control and complication rates, respectively. Therefore, AS should be used except in anxious or agitated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Capecitabine in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

To evaluate the therapeutic effects and systemic toxicities of a capecitabine-based home therapy regimen in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, 30 patients were enrolled in a phase II clinical trial. Treatment consisted of oral capecitabine combined with subcutaneous recombinant human interferon-alpha 2a, recombinant human interleukin-2 and oral 13-cis-retinoic acid. There were two (7%) complete responses (CRs) and eight (27%) partial remissions (PRs), for an overall objective response rate of 34% (95% CI 17-53%). Except one, all responses are ongoing, with a median duration of 9+ and 8+ months for CRs and PRs, respectively. Additionally, 12 patients (40%) reached stable disease. Eight patients (27%) showed continued disease progression despite treatment. Therapy was well tolerated and was given in the outpatient setting. Capecitabine-related World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 and 3 toxicities were observed in five and two patients respectively, and were limited to fatigue, nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea, stomatitis, dermatitis and hand-and-foot syndrome. The substitution of capecitabine for 5-FU in the pre-existing biochemotherapy regimen did not result in a reduced therapeutic efficacy and showed significant anti-tumour activity in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Tumor markers in peripheral blood of patients with malignant melanoma: multimarker RT-PCR versus a luminoimmunometric assay for S-100.

The identification of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant melanoma by detection of melanoma associated protein transcripts using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique has been introduced as a noninvasive and sensitive technique for early detection of tumor progression and metastatic disease. An alternative approach is the analysis of S-100 protein in the serum of melanoma patients by a luminoimmunometric assay (LIA). In this study, the sensitivities of RT-PCR and LIA were compared. Seventy-seven blood samples of 59 melanoma patients were analyzed for tyrosinase, Melan-A/MART-1, MAGE-3, gp100, and p97 expression by multimarker RT-PCR; 540 serum samples of 352 melanoma patients were analyzed for S-100 protein concentration by LIA. In stage III 23.8% and in stage IV 37.5% of the samples were positive for at least one marker in multimarker RT-PCR, versus 8.1% and 48.1% of elevated S-100 levels analyzed by LIA, respectively. In a direct comparison, 31 identical samples were analyzed by multimarker RT-PCR and by S-100 LIA. In stage III 18.2% and in stage IV 45% of the samples were positive by multimarker RT-PCR versus 45.5% and 80% by S-100 LIA, respectively. S-100 LIA was more sensitive in detection of metastatic disease in melanoma patients than multimarker RT-PCR and should be evaluated in further studies. RT-PCR might be more useful in the analysis of micrometastases in anatomic compartments other than peripheral blood.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1997

Detection of melanoma cells in peripheral blood stem cell harvests of patients with progressive metastatic malignant melanoma.

The detection of melanocyte-specific messenger RNA in patients with malignant melanoma suggests the potential contamination of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvests by neoplastic cells. In this study, the melanocyte-specific transcripts of tyrosinase and Melan-A/MART-1 were used to detect neoplastic cells in PBSC harvests of nine metastatic malignant melanoma patients. Only one patient's PBSC harvest tested positive for tyrosinase. All harvests were negative for Melan-A/MART-1. Our results suggest that contamination of PBSC harvests with neoplastic cells may not contribute to disease progression following high-dose chemotherapy in advanced malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dental needs in Bosnia.

The dental needs of the growing number of refugees in Bosnia-Hercegovina were all too apparent on my recent visit to work with children in Medugorje in the Mostar province of Hercegovina. While this area has not undergone the sustained destruction of central Bosnia it is a natural first haven for refugees from the fighting.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The intensive treatment of apoplexy (author's transl)].

Up to one third of patients in neurological clinics suffer from cardiovascular diseases. The brain being particularly prone to disturbances, first priority goes to emergency measures taken by the doctor who initially treats the case and to the subsequent treatment in a wellequipped intensive ward in order to reduce to a minimum the residual loss of brain function. A neurological intensive ward offers, in addition to the basic installations for the conservative disciplines, variable equipment including mechanical respirators, and mobile neurophysiological investigation instruments. Drug medication prevalently consists of volume controlled infusions with plasma expanders and circulatory regulation. Alternatives are discussed. Rehabilitation and physiotherapy are essential from the beginning.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1978

[The effectiveness of open and closed groups].

Studies of four closed and four open groups of patients participating in psychotherapy, which were conducted in a psychotherapeutic inpatient department using pre- and post-test diagnoses (the test used being the MMPI, FPI, Q-Sort, and Giessen tests), showed that these were not different as regards the frequency of statistically evident changes recorded upon the completion of psychotherapy. The authors also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open and closed groups, with particular consideration being given to organizational aspects.

Adult↗