[Zenker's diverticulum in the elderly. Description of a case and surgical treatment].
The authors report a case of Zenker's giant hypopharyngeal diverticulum in an elderly patient who underwent surgery due to the severity of symptoms. This diverticulum, which is both juxtasphincteric and epiphrenal, has a pulsion pathogenesis: the presence of a hernia on the esophageal side (jato?), with which Zenker's diverticulum is frequently associated and which is often followed by reflux esophagitis, is enough to cause motor asynchronism of the crico-pharyngeal muscle which, in the presence of hypertonic conditions during deglutition, leads to the formation of a high-pressure pouch which is then responsible for the formation of the diverticulum itself. It is therefore important to check whether an associated esophageal pathology exists once Zenker's diverticulum has been diagnosed: X-ray examinations of the upper digestive tract are undoubtedly capable of identifying the presence of the diverticulum as well as other pathological associations. In the present case it was not possible to perform a sufficiently exhaustive X-ray examination in order to exclude associated esophageal pathologies. Endoscopy may be superfluous and contraindicated in cases of large diverticular pouches. Symptoms vary depending on the size of the diverticulum. A feeling of dysphagia may precede the appearance of the diverticulum, even by several years, before the onset of symptoms related to the ingestion of food: initially the patient may experience the sensation of a foreign body while eating due to the accumulation of ingested food in the diverticulum; this is followed by halitosis, sialorrhea, noisy deglutition, regurgitation of undigested food especially during sleep, and frequently bronchopulmonary symptoms "ab ingestis".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)