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Biomedical subjects

A Segall

Publications and source records attributed to A Segall.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Social rejection of the mentally ill: a replication study of public attitude.

A replication survey of public attitudes toward the mentally ill was completed after a decade had elapsed which employed similar measures across the same urban area. Prior research evidence was empirically corroborated which indicated that attitude toward the mentally ill is not a uni-dimensional phenomenon, but is tied to differing social contexts. It does appear that a distinction can be made between attitudes in regard to social relations (personal contact) and social responsibility (impersonal contact). It was found that rejection of the mentally ill in situations of social relations was linked to prior personal experience with mental illness, perceived dangerousness of the mentally ill, and age of the survey respondent. Rejection of the mentally ill in circumstances involving social responsibility contracts (employment, housing, community affairs) was found to be largely tied to education of respondent. No significant differences were found in levels of public rejection of the mentally ill over the comparison ten year period.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Exploring the correlates of self-provided health care behaviour.

Self-care has been characterized as the basic level of health care in all societies. However, little is known about existing self-care behaviour. Although it is clear that laypersons do indeed routinely self-evaluate and self-treat many of their health problems as a part of daily living, the nature and extent of these self-care practices are not well understood. It is not clear whether self-care behaviour is equally prevalent among different social groups; whether self-care is used for both health maintenance and the treatment of illness; and whether self-care is used only in response to selected symptomatic conditions. More studies of general lay populations are needed to provide this type of information. Particularly, studies which recognize that laypersons are not only consumers of professional care, but are also primary providers and active participants in the health care process. The purpose of the present study was to identify the range of self-care practices used at this time by Canadians and to explore some of the correlates of this behaviour. Data were obtained in 1983 through personal interviews with a randomly selected cross-sectional sample of 524 residents of Winnipeg, Canada. The dimensions of self-care investigated were: symptomatic self-treatment responses; recent self-medication activity; and the use of home remedies. Potential correlates considered include: sociodemographics; perceived health status; understanding of medical knowledge; attitudes toward medical care; and health maintenance/lifestyle beliefs and internal preventive control beliefs. A correlational analysis was performed to test the nature and strength of the association between all of the variables measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Rearrangement of the bacterial chromosome: forbidden inversions.

The order of genes in the chromosome of enteric bacteria has been evolutionarily conserved despite the existence of mechanisms for rearrangement. Homologous chromosomal sequences in the same orientation recombine to form deletions or duplications. When homologous sequences in inverse orientation recombine, one expects to form an inversion of the intervening chromosomal segment. This expectation was tested by placing pairs of homologous sequences in inverse order at various points in the chromosome. Sequences at many pairs of sites (permissive) do recombine to generate the expected inversion, while the same sequences placed at other pairs of sites (nonpermissive) do not form an inversion. For the one nonpermissive interval tested, the missing inversion type can be constructed by an alternative transductional method; strains with this inversion are viable. Thus mechanistic limitations must prevent sequences at particular sites from undergoing the recombination event required to form an inversion.

Chromosome Inversion↗
PubMed1988

Symptoms of depression in a Canadian urban sample.

The prevalence and correlates of symptoms of depression in a Canadian urban sample were examined. A random sample of 524 respondents completed the CES-D scale and a variety of sociodemographic questions. In this Sample, 15% of the males and 19% of the females had scores above the depression cut-point of 16 on the CES-D scale. These rates were very similar to results reported in various U.S. centres. Symptoms of depression were most common among the younger, less educated, and those employed in trades and farming. Depression was lowest in the older, more educated, the married and those employed in professional and management roles. Taken as a whole the set of sociodemographic predictors explained 11% of the variance in symptoms of depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A general model for preventive intervention in clinical practice.

A five-stage collaborative project to develop curriculum and associated instructional materials in preventive medicine has been initiated by the Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine in cooperation with the Center for Educational Development in Health at Boston University. As part of the first stage, a general model delineating physician responsibilities in the preventive dimension of clinical practice was developed and analyzed in terms of requisite attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The model is based on a theoretical matrix modified by consideration of optimal physician performance in three tracer conditions (lung cancer, gonorrhea, and hypertension) and the results of a Delphi survey among a sample of 50 primary care practitioners. Competency in planning a practice-based program of prevention and the ability to assist patients in modifying patterns of behavior emerged as significant determinants of physician effectiveness in preventive intervention.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed1979

Cytologic evaluation of hormonal dynamic in the postmenopause.

There is increasing evidence that the postmenopausal ovary retains some endocrine function and thus can contribute a certain extent to the persistence of the vaginal epithelium proliferation a long time after the cessation of menstruations. Vaginal cytology plays an important role in the assessment of the vaginal epithelium response to hormonal stimuli, though less accurate than the blood and the urine estimations. It was established that there was a good correlation between the vaginal cytology and the biochemical estimations [2]. The fact that vaginal cytology cannot distinguish the proliferative patterns induced by estrogens, progesterone and androgens is true. With this in mind we did a cytological study in postmenopausal women, using our classification for the cytological typing based on the depth of the epithelial atrophy. The findings are discussed with special reference to the ethnic origin, reproductive life and concurrent illnesses.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Decision and estimation procedures for air contaminants.

This paper deals with the problem of enforcing average exposure standards for atmospheric contaminants in an industrial environment based upon short-period samples. Due to inherent uncertainties, a decision is to be made only if the probability of incorrect decision is below a prescribed level. It is shown how such a decision can be obtained in a very simple manner with the help of a decision chart with families of curves corresponding to the number of observations.

Air Pollutants↗