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A Semjonow

Publications and source records attributed to A Semjonow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Implementation of a map in radical prostatectomy specimen allows visual estimation of tumor volume.

INTRODUCTION: Tumor volume is one of the best documented prognostic factors for prostate cancer. There are several methods to gain this important parameter but unfortunately most of the clinicians in the world do not get this information in their routine practice from the pathologist. We developed a standardized method to handle radical prostatectomy specimens including a special form of mapping in order to document relevant morphological data. The aim of this study was to investigate if our model of mapping prostate cancer, which we use in routine practice, may serve for visual estimation of tumor volume. METHODS: We estimated the tumor volume of prostate cancer by visual estimation of 350 maps of radical prostatectomy specimens and correlated these data with established prognostic parameters and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Significant correlations between tumor volumes, as obtained from our mapping, and known prognostic parameters such as preoperative serum levels of prostatic specific antigen, loss of differentiation, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and margins were found. In a multivariate analysis, only Gleason score and tumor stage were shown to be independent prognostic parameters. DISCUSSION: We demonstrate that mapping of prostate cancer is more than a simple method of documentation but may serve as a method for visual estimation of tumor volume of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. This method can further be used for a visual documentation of the tumor stage independent of changes in the TNM classification. The method is inexpensive and practicable and can therefore be applied in routine surgical pathology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Late recurrence of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate.

A 44-year-old patient underwent radical prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate. After 7 years and 3 months he recurred locally and was treated with external beam irradiation. The current follow up comprises 9 years and 5 months at which the patient is asymptomatic with stable disease. Lymph node or distant metastases did never occur and the prostate specific antigen level was always within the normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A multicenter clinical trial on the use of alpha1-antichymotrypsin-prostate-specific antigen in prostate cancer diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate the clinical performance of alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin prostate-specific antigen (PSA-ACT) for early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in a multicenter trial. METHODS: Three hundred sixty-seven white men with PCa and 290 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with tPSA concentrations between 2 and 20 microg/L were analyzed. The Elecsys system 2010 (Roche Diagnostics, Germany) was used for determination of total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA). The PSA-ACT test was a prototype assay used on the ES system (Roche Diagnostics). RESULTS: The median concentrations of tPSA (PCa: 8.43 microg/L vs. BPH: 6.60 microg/L) and PSA-ACT (8.30 microg/L vs. 6.46 microg/L) were significantly different, respectively. The median ratios of fPSA/tPSA (PCa: 12% vs. BPH: 16%) and PSA-ACT/tPSA (98% vs. 95%) were significantly different. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis for discrimination between PCa and BPH (tPSA between 2 and 20 microg/L) was performed with 252 matched pairs and showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the ratio fPSA/tPSA (0.66) was significantly different from tPSA (0.50) and PSA-ACT (0.52). PSA-ACT alone or the ratio PSA-ACT/tPSA (0.56) were not significantly different from tPSA. For tPSA between 4 and 10 microg/L (n = 145 pairs), the AUC of the ratio fPSA/tPSA (0.65) was significantly higher than tPSA (0.50) and PSA-ACT (0.54). Significant differences between tPSA and PSA-ACT or PSA-ACT/tPSA (0.56) were not found. CONCLUSIONS: The determination of PSA-ACT as well as the PSA-ACT/tPSA ratio did not improve the diagnostic impact in patients undergoing evaluation for PCa compared to fPSA/tPSA ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Cytogenetic analysis of multifocal bladder cancer supports a monoclonal origin and intraepithelial spread of tumor cells.

Bladder cancer is often characterized by a multifocal growth pattern. This observation has given rise to the hypothesis of "field cancerization," predicting a polyclonal origin of multiple tumors rising from an area of independently transformed mucosa cells. On the other hand, genetic studies suggested a monoclonal origin. To address these contradictory hypotheses, we performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on 32 tumors originating from six bladder cystectomy specimens. All tumors derived from the same patient showed a set of 7-13 identical chromosomal aberrations and additional individual alterations. Most striking were the findings of 17p losses in all (32 of 32) tumors of the six cystectomy specimens and 20p gains in all tumors of four bladders, as well as an unexpected high number of chromosomal changes (20.4 alterations per tumor on average). To clarify a possible role of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene on 17p13, we applied immunohistochemistry and sequence analysis on the tumors and additional 52 mucosa samples. Identical TP53 mutations and protein overexpression was found in individual tumors only as well as in mucosa samples from continuous areas. Our results not only provide further evidence for a monoclonal origin of multifocal bladder cancer but also point at intraepithelial migration of tumor cells carrying specific chromosomal aberrations.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed2001

Flow cytometric DNA and phenotype analysis in pathology. A meeting report of a symposium at the annual conference of the German Society of Pathology, Kiel, Germany, 6-9 June 2000.

This meeting report summarizes the presentations of three different groups that are active in the field of flow cytometry (FCM) in relation to diagnosing and classification of proliferative disorders. The report starts with the contribution from Regensburg about the developments in DNA FCM, the progression to dual parameter determinations, and combination of immunophenotyping in combination with DNA. In the second part, the use of FCM for the detection of isolated tumor cells in the peripheral blood from patients with prostate or breast cancer is discussed in a contribution from Münster. In the third part, from Heerlen, the use of multi-parameter FCM on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from solid tumors is discussed as a new development and application in routine surgical pathology.

DNA↗
PubMed2000

[Spectroscopic imaging (1H-2D-CSI) of the prostate: sequence optimization and correlation with histopathological results].

PURPOSE: Methodological optimization of a 1H MR spectroscopic imaging sequence (1H-2D-CSI) and evaluation of its potential to diagnose prostate cancer as validated by histopathological maps. METHODS: The prostates of 18 patients were evaluated by 1H-MR-CSI (voxel dimension: 1 cm3) at 1.5 Tesla. This sequence was additionally combined with a frequency selective fat suppression. RESULTS: It was possible to distinguish prostate carcinoma from prostate hyperplasia spectroscopically by the ratio of citrate/(choline + creatine). Differentiation of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, high-grade) from prostate carcinoma was not unambiguously possible. Prediction of tumor differentiation was not possible by the ratio of citrate/(choline + creatine) by our maximum spatial resolution of 1 cm3. CONCLUSION: 1H-2D-CSI is suitable for tumor detection. Tumor differentiation was not possible with the spatial resolution used.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy in radical prostatectomy and radiation-treated patients.

Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) prior to radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer has regained interest in recent years but proof of its clinical benefit with respect to patient survival is still pending. We reviewed the literature regarding NHT in prostate cancer; only studies with a high evidence level were included for analysis. Five prospective randomized trials of NHT in radical prostatectomy-treated patients could be identified. Despite significantly lower numbers of positive surgical margins in the NHT group, prostate specific antigen failure rates were similar in the NHT group and the surgery only group. Data on disease-free and overall survival are not yet available. The two prospective randomized studies of NHT in radiation-treated patients could demonstrate better local control of the tumor in the NHT group. However, there was no difference in overall survival between the NHT arm and the radiation only arm. Future clinical research should consider type and duration of hormonal treatment and evaluate potential surrogate end points. To date, there is no hard evidence in favor of NHT prior to radical prostatectomy or external beam irradiation. NHT in prostate cancer should only be applied within controlled trials.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
PubMed2000

Patterns of chromosomal imbalances in muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Cytogenetic investigations of bladder cancer suggested that development and progression is characterized by specific chromosomal aberrations. In order to identify genetic changes linked to muscle invasive tumors and metastatic growth we analyzed 67 bladder carcinomas (30 pT1 and 37 pT2-4) by means of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). The most frequent changes were gains of chromosome 1q (54%), 8q (54%), 17q (49%), 2p (30%), 12 (30%), 5p (25%), 3q (24%) and 6p (24%) as well as losses of 11p (43%), 8p (42%), 9p (36%), 11q (34%), 2q, 4q, 5q (30% each), 9q (27%) and 10q (27%). Previously not described amplifications were found at 5p11-p13, 7q21-q31, 9p24 and 17q24-q25. Gains of 3q, 7p, and 18p were markedly more frequent in pT2-4 in comparison to pT1 carcinomas but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Non-metastatic tumors showed more aberrations on average than metastatic carcinomas, although no particular change was found to be predominating in either group. Our data confirm previous findings of strong genetic similarities between minimally and deeply invasive bladder carcinomas but argue for differences between metastatic and non-metastatic disease.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1999

Prostate-specific antigen and other serum markers: current concepts from the World Health Organization Second International Consultation on Prostate Cancer.

Serum prostate-specific antigen is credited with dramatic advances in the early detection, screening, and management of men with prostatic carcinoma. There has been more than a twofold increase in the number of men diagnosed during the last decade, and prostate cancer has emerged as the most common non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men. This report summarizes the history and current status of prostate-specific antigen and other serum markers, incorporating consensus opinions from the Second International Consultation on Prostate Cancer held in Paris in June 1999.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Mutilating complex trauma of the pelvis].

Traumatic hemipelvectomy is a rare, but devastating pelvic injury with few survivors reported in the literature. We report on a 19-year-old motorcyclist with a near-total hemipelvectomy. After a complicated course, the patient survived with good potential for a functional level of activity. We review the experience of other authors and give details on the management of one of the most challenging injuries confronting surgeons. Successful treatment requires extraordinary efforts and multidisciplinary team cooperation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Does the success of ureterointestinal implantation in orthotopic bladder substitution depend more on surgeon level of experience or choice of technique?

PURPOSE: We attempted to determine the relative risk of ureterointestinal anastomosis using 2 antireflux techniques of orthotopic bladder substitution, and we assessed the degree to which success is determined by surgeon experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 patients underwent surgery, including 74 with the Hautmann (Le Duc) technique and 46 with a somewhat modified Studer (Nesbit/Studer) technique. The urologists who performed the operations were classified as expert, skilled and learner. Evaluation was done retrospectively. All patients in the Studer group, except 3 who died and 1 who was lost to followup, were monitored a minimum of 12 months. RESULTS: There was a 20.4% rate of nonneoplastic obstructions in the 142 ureters reimplanted with the Le Duc technique (Hautmann group). The variation in obstruction rates of 16.7, 18.2 and 25%, respectively, for expert, skilled and learning surgeons was statistically insignificant. Only 3 nonneoplastic obstructions (3.6%) developed in the 83 ureters reimplanted with the Nesbit/ Studer technique (Studer group). The variation in obstruction rates of 5.1, 0 and 3.6%, respectively, for expert, skilled and learner surgeons was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: The Nesbit/Studer technique results in a generally lower rate of ureterointestinal anastomotic stricture than the Le Duc technique. Using the Le Duc technique there was no statistically significant correlation between incidence of obstruction and surgeon level of experience, indicating that obstruction with this technique probably arises from other factors.

Adult↗