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Biomedical subjects

A Sezeur

Publications and source records attributed to A Sezeur.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Myenteric plexuses and colonic diverticulosis: results of a histological study].

The implication of intraluminal hyperpressure in the pathogenesis of colonic diverticulosis was investigated. Since colonic motricity depends on the anatomical integrity of the myenteric plexuses, we looked for morphological abnormalities of these plexuses in diverticulosis of the sigmoid, using the silver impregnation technique devised by Smith. Fifteen sigmoidectomy specimens (including the rectosigmoid junction) were studied in patients afflicted with diverticulosis. Operations were not performed during the acute phases of the illness. The results were compared to those obtained in 5 colectomy specimens in patients with cancer of the rectum, without colonic diverticulosis (control series). Conventional histology as well as the silver impregnation did not reveal any morphological abnormalities of the myenteric plexuses in the rectosigmoid junction or in the remaining sigmoid. The count of argyrophilic ganglion cells (10 to 15 per plexus) was identical in the colons affected with diverticulosis and in the control specimens. These results show that impairment of motricity in sigmoid diverticulosis is not a consequence of morphological abnormalities of the myenteric plexuses. They do not, however, exclude chemical or functional modifications in these plexuses.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study of a new technic of sutureless tubal anastomosis in the rabbit].

The authors have tested an original method of tubal anastomosis in the rabbit, which does not require suture material. The principle of the operation is the intubation of the ovarian tube by a silicone elastomere tube which acts as a guide for healing. From the 11 rabbits operated, the authors obtained 7 pregnancies, i.e. 63,6%. The results of this series do not appear to be any different from the pregnancy rates obtained by other teams with microsurgical techniques in the rabbit. The authors conclude that their method is as reliable, but more simple.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[A comparative study of "slowly resorbed suture material" in the rat with tracheal sutures (author's transl)].

The authors studied the outcome of polyglycotic acid and braided polyglactine suture material used on the trachea of the rat. The compared them with two non-self-resorbing sutures. 61 rats were operated. The study was on the resistance of the slowly resorbing material over time, as well a macroscopic and histological observations and the tolerance of the 4 materials tested. The merit of this work is to show that these slowly absorbed materials are far from the ideal solution for sutures of the tracheo-bronchial tree and that single-ply nylon suture has remarkable tissue tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Primary myenteric plexus alterations as a cause of megacolon in Von Recklinghausen's disease.

This is a case report of a megacolon in a 26 years old male patient having typical von Recklinghausen's disease. Exploratory laparotomy shows no neurofibroma on digestive tract. Myenteric plexus study of colic resection specimen following B. Smith technique reveals marked alterations. These alterations are both quantitative (hyperhypoganglionosis) and qualitative (ganglion cells are irregular in shape and size, dendritic processes are hypertrophic, irregular; schwannosis; no inflammatory infiltration). The patient suffers no more transit disorders after adequate resection of this megacolon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proximal stenosis of the bile ducts: results with a new surgical endoprosthesis.

A new endoprosthesis designed for surgical intubation of neoplastic strictures of the proximal biliary tract has been developed. The technical aspects of intubation by this endoprosthesis are discussed, and the results in the first 25 patients are given. The results suggest that this device was well tolerated. Mortality and morbidity related to the endoprosthesis were low in comparison to the results given in the literature for intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis. The authors conclude that this procedure could favorably replace intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis as currently used for selected cases of malignant biliary stricture.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative assessment of the extension of rectal carcinoma: correlation of MR, surgical, and histopathologic findings.

Nineteen patients with rectal carcinoma were evaluated prospectively. The extent of tumor and the relationship of the tumor to the levator ani muscle were studied as this determines the choice of the surgical procedure (abdominoperineal resection versus low anterior resection). Peroperative assessment and detailed evaluation of the pathologic specimens were correlated with magnetic resonance (MR) features. Magnetic resonance staging and surgical findings were at variance in four of 15 cases (27%). Magnetic resonance had sensitivities and specificities of 75 and 100% in the detection of perirectal growth. Magnetic resonance demonstrated invasion of adjacent pelvic side wall and sacrum in two of two cases. The comparison with TNM classification demonstrated that MR correctly staged 15 of 19 cases (79%). This study shows that MR is a good examination to evaluate the involvement of perirectal fatty tissues and adjacent structures. The low prevalence of involved lymph nodes in our cases prevents significant positive predictive values. Nevertheless, MR can help to select patients for local excision or for preoperative radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palliative treatment of bile duct tumoral compression by an endoprosthesis: clinical results.

The palliative therapy of stenoses of the biliary tract is a difficult choice. Because percutaneous or endoscopic drainage methods are fraught with complications, an endoprosthesis for surgical intubation of the biliary tract has been developed. Thirty patients were treated by this method. After choledochotomy, the endoprosthesis is positioned surgically above the sphincter of Oddi, thereby avoiding ascending cholangitis. Twenty-nine patients (13 with gallbladder cancer, 11 with cholangiocarcinomas, 5 with metastases) presented with neoplastic compression, and one patient had an early postoperative stricture with loss of substance after right hepatectomy for hepatic metastases. The operative mortality was 3.3% (one pulmonary complication). Resolution of jaundice was obtained in all but two patients, and pruritus always resolved. The mean survival time for the patients with cholangiocarcinoma was 12.2 months and 6.33 months for those with gallbladder cancer. Indices of satisfaction (Bismuth's method) were 71% (gallbladder cancer), 93.5% (hilar cholangiocarcinoma), and 92% (metastatic compressions). This new type of surgical endoprosthesis is an alternative in the palliative treatment of neoplastic hilar compression because it is well tolerated, has a low rate of operative mortality or morbidity, and affords an acceptable quality of life for the patients.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Elective surgical treatment of colonic diverticulosis].

In a retrospective study from 1978 to 1990, 143 patients had elective surgery for colonic diverticular disease. Surgical indications were: uncomplicated diverticulitis (128), functional discomfort (6), suspicion of associated neoplasia (6), bleeding (3). The overall mortality is 1/143 (0.6 p. cent). 3 patients (2.2 p. cent) had to be reoperated for anastomotic fistula with peritonitis. Definitive re-establishment of digestive continuity was done in 139 patients (98.6 p. cent). Our results suggest that surgery is to be widely indicated for diverticular disease. Resection must be performed in every patients presenting with an history of two or more acute recurrences, with a fistula, and when clinical and/or radiological abnormalities continue after a first acute crisis.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Protection of the small intestine against irradiation by means of a removable prosthesis.

In radiation therapy of tumors, several techniques are used to prevent injury of the intestinal loops. Their purpose is to drive the intestine out of the external beam. Understanding the disadvantages they present, a temporary prosthesis which effectively protects the small bowel, and is easy to remove, has been developed. The device is a 600 to 1,000 ml, silicone rubber, expandable balloon. When implanted in the pelvis or retroperitoneal cavity, and filled, this balloon displaces the intestinal loops out of the pelvic irradiation field. It may remain either filled or empty between each irradiation session. Due to its particular elliptical shape, once empty, the balloon can be removed through a 3 cm incision under local or peridural anesthesia at the completion of radiotherapy. Eleven patients with recurrent (8) or primary (3) cancer have been implanted. The protective effect has been evaluated on successive biologic tests, performed during treatment. No problem related to the prosthesis, no alteration of the biologic tests, nor bowel injury have been observed after several months follow-up. This device is suitable for preventing intestinal complications during therapy, allowing a higher dose of radiations in some cases.

Adult↗