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Biomedical subjects

A Shenoy

Publications and source records attributed to A Shenoy.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Ischaemic complications after surgical resection of intracranial aspergilloma.

A 32-year-old male presented with a paranasal sinus Aspergillus fungal infection. The nasal infection was cleared by endoscopic sinus surgery and the patient was treated with antifungal agents. The patient was otherwise healthy with no evidence of immunosuppresion. Five months later, the patient had to undergo excision of the left frontal intracranial infection for symptoms of raised intracranial pressure and seizures. Within 48hours of surgery, the patient developed basilar artery thrombosis with infarction of the cerebellum and midbrain. The patient succumbed to this vascular catastrophe, which developed at a site distal to that from surgery. The pathophysiology of ischaemic complications after surgical resection of intracranial aspergilloma is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Waiting times during the management of head and neck tumours.

The waiting times incurred during the management of 75 consecutive head and neck oncology patients attending for post-treatment follow-up were reviewed. Data were gleaned from general practitioner (GP) referral letters, patient case-notes as well as radiology and histology reports. The mean time for GP referral to ENT was 5.1 weeks. From ENT to endoscopy was 3.1 weeks, to histology 3.5 weeks, to computed tomography (CT) scan 5.6 weeks, to magnetic resonance scan (MR) 4.1 weeks, to primary radiotherapy 10.3 weeks and to surgery 5.5 weeks. The mean symptom duration prior to referral was 4.9 months. Our results compare unfavourably with the standards recommended by the BAO-HNS. Local modifiations may improve matters, but significant increases in funding, manpower and equipment are required to achieve the stipulated standards. Moreover, criteria for referral have to be re-emphasized and patient education has to be addressed as these appear to contribute the longest delay in the diagnosis of head and neck tumours.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2001

Infantile hemangioendothelioma.

Primary hepatic tumors are uncommon in children and account for only three per cent of the tumors in children. Infantile hemangioendothelioma is a rare benign hepatic tumor arising from mesenchymal tissue. Most of the cases present before six months. An unusual presentation and progression of infantile hemangioendothelioma is reported in a 19-month-old female child. The diagnosis was arrived at by radiological and histopathological examination. The patient underwent excision surgery, following which made an uneventful recovery. On follow-up at six months, patient was asymptomatic with no evidence of recurrence.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Mature teratoma arising from the sella--case report.

A 26-year-old, short statured, obese male presented with a mature teratoma located entirely within the dural confines of the sella manifesting as headaches and progressive loss of vision. He had panhypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large sellar-suprasellar but entirely infradiaphragmatic tumor of varying consistency. The tumor was resected through a trans-sphenoidal route. The tumor had elevated the diaphragma sellae to a significant extent but did not pass through. Histological examination confirmed a mature teratoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Massive aneurysmal bone cyst of the anterior cranial fossa floor--case report.

A 19-year-old male patient presented with a midline facial, nose, and forehead hard and bony swelling associated with hypertelorism. Neuroimaging revealed a massive tumor involving the anterior cranial fossa floor, which had occupied and enlarged all paranasal air sinuses, and displaced the orbits outwards and the frontal lobes of the brain superiorly. A basal transcranial route was used for radical resection of the massive and vascular tumor. Histological examination confirmed an aneurysmal bone cyst. Such tumors only rarely involve the cranial bones or paranasal air sinuses.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Primary cerebello-pontine angle malignant melanoma: a case report.

A rare case of primary malignant melanoma in the cerebello-pontine angle, in a 17 year old girl is presented. The patient presented with one month history of headache, diplopia, facial asymmetry and ataxia. The computerised tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large cerebello-pontine angle mass with features suggestive of a melanoma. The typical black coloured, solid and vascular melanoma was excised completely. Cerebello-pontine angle melanoma are extremely rare tumours with dismal long term outcome in majority of these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumour in children.

Inflammatory pulmonary pseudotumour is an uncommon, non-neoplastic, occasionally aggressive spindle cell proliferative process of uncertain nosology. It has distinctive histopathological features and benign clinico-biological behaviour with multifocal lesions or recurrences in a minority of cases. Recognition of this entity is of paramount importance because it has considerable therapeutic and prognostic implications. The radiological features of two patients with pulmonary pseudotumour that was confirmed on histopathological examination are described.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

In situ detection of AP sites and DNA strand breaks bearing 3'-phosphate termini in ischemic mouse brain.

Our aims were to examine whether oxidative DNA damage was elevated in brain cells of male C57BL/6 mice after oxidative stress, and to determine whether neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was involved in such damage. Oxidative stress was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries for 90 min, followed by reperfusion. Escherichia coli exonuclease III (Exo III) removes apyrimidinic or apurinic (AP) sites and 3'-phosphate termini in single-strand breaks, and converts these lesions to 3'OH termini. These ExoIII-sensitive sites (EXOSS) can then be postlabeled using digoxigenin-11-dUTP and Klenow DNA polymerase-I, and detected using fluorescein isothiocyanate-IgG against digoxigenin. Compared with the non-ischemia controls, the density of EXOSS-positive cells was elevated at least 20-fold (P < 0.01) at 15 min of reperfusion, and remained elevated for another 30 min. EXOSS mainly occurred in the cell nuclei of the astrocytes and neurons. Signs of cell death were detected at 24 h of reperfusion and occurred mostly in the neurons. Both DNA damage and cell death in the cerebral cortical neurons were abolished by treatment with 3-bromo-7-nitroindazole (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), which specifically inhibited nNOS. Our results suggest that nNOS, its activator (calcium), and peroxynitrite exacerbate oxidative DNA damage after brain ischemia.-Huang, D., Shenoy, A., Cui, J., Huang, W., Liu, P. In situ detection of AP sites and DNA strand breaks bearing 3'-phosphate termini in ischemic mouse brain.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Unusual massive neurinoma in the suboccipital region--case report.

An 8-year-old boy with no evidence of von Recklinghausen's disease presented with an unusual neurinoma manifesting as a gradually progressive swelling in the suboccipital region over 2 years. The lesion was massive and had widely eroded the posterior aspects of the atlas, axis, and suboccipital bone. The tumor had involved the dura of the sigmoid and transverse sinuses, was highly vascular, and had encased the ipsilateral vertebral artery. The tumor was almost completely resected although with considerable loss of blood through a large rent in the right sigmoid sinus. This unusual benign neurinoma most probably arose from the second cervical ganglion.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Bilateral endolymphatic sac papillary carcinoma.

We report a case of bilateral and almost symmetrical endolymphatic sac papillary adenocarcinoma. A 22-year-old male patient presented with bilateral sixth, seventh, eighth and lower cranial nerve paresis and ataxia. Radiological investigations revealed extensively vascular tumours in the region of both jugular bulbs. The literature on this rare entity is briefly discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1996

Concerns, coping and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients.

This study was conducted to explore the concerns and coping mechanisms used by patients with head and neck cancer and assess their quality of life. A group of 50 consecutive patients with oral and laryngeal cancers were interviewed using a coping and concerns checklist and a semistructured interview proforma to elicit the common concerns in relation to head and neck cancers and their surgical treatment. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to detect anxiety and depression. Concerns were compared between oral and laryngeal cancers and between preoperative and postoperative patients. Commonest concerns were about the future (64%), subjective physical evaluation (60%), finances (56%), being upset (54%), communication (54%), current illness (52%) and inability to do things (50%). The commonest coping mechanisms used were helplessness and fatalism. Resolution was noted in less than 40% of the frequent concerns. As compared to laryngeal cancer patients, those with oral cancer significantly more often had concerns about current illness, subjective evaluation of health, eating and chewing, social interactions, pain and disfigurement (P < 0.05). Most subjects had numerous unresolved concerns. Mainly ineffective coping mechanisms such as helplessness and fatalism were employed leading to incomplete resolution. Interventions to minimise these concerns and to handle associated anxiety and depression would improve their quality of life.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Wolf blade plate ankle arthrodesis.

Fifteen patients, each of whom had a Wolf blade plate ankle arthrodesis, were followed for a mean of 56 months. The mean age at the time of operation was 46.7 years. The preoperative diagnosis was posttraumatic arthritis in 16 cases and one each of degenerative arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and avascular necrosis of the talus. Eighteen of the 19 cases fused for a fusion rate of 94.7%. The average fusion position was 2.9 degrees of plantar flexion and 5 degrees of valgus. All patients whose ankle fused were satisfied with their results. The average Mazur postoperative score was 75 (range, 33-91). Five patients had delayed wound healing. The Wolf blade plate is a simple and easy method to fuse the ankle. Minimal dissection is required and a fusion rate of 95% is obtainable.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hydatid cyst of the tibia.

A case of hydatid cyst of the tibia, which manifested as a pathologic fracture is being reported. Pain and swelling of left lower limb with inability to bear the weight were the main features. Tender swelling was also noted at the upper and middle third of tibia. Open biopsy revealed the hydatid cyst wall and scolices of Echinococcus granulosus. Albendazole treatment was followed by curettage and bone grafting.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colloid cyst of the third ventricle: a cause of sudden death in a child.

Colloid cyst is a rare benign intracranial neoplasm, commonly located in the third ventricle. Though headache and visual symptoms are classical, the patients may present with sudden neurological deterioration. We present a ten-year-old male child who presented with sudden neurological deterioration due to colloid cyst of the third ventricle resulting in death. The child had intermittent headache for three months, for which medical attention was not sought. This report details the case and a short review of the condition is presented (with emphasis on the clinical features and importance of early diagnosis). Management (including surgical methods and conservative treatment) of third ventricle colloid cysts is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cladosporium bantianum (trichoides) infection of the brain.

A 32 yr old male patient with history of convulsion and bitemporal headache was diagnosed as suffering from tuberculoma based on CT Scan. He worsened after anti-tuberculous therapy. The patient underwent parieto-occipital craniotomy with drainage of abscess. The histopathological examination of brain abscess revealed the infection with cladosporium bantianum. The details of this rare case of opportunist fungal cerebral lesions in healthy individual are reported.

Adult↗