Biomedical subjects

A Shinkai

Publications and source records attributed to A Shinkai.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

[Study on the effects of influenza virus vaccines--relation between the rate of two-fractional vaccination and the overall rate of absenteeism].

In 1987 and 1988, in 9 elementary schools, the percentage of children who received two sessions of vaccination and the overall rate of absenteeism resulting from influenza were determined for each class, and their relationship was investigated. The following results were obtained. 1) The mean vaccination rate was 58.6% among 157 classes in 1987, whereas it was 29.9% among 151 classes in 1988, the rate being significantly higher in 1987. 2) The mean overall rate of absenteeism was 1.524% in 1987, which was significantly lower than the corresponding rate, 2.802%, in 1988. 3) There was a significant negative correlation between the vaccination rate and the overall rate of absenteeism in 7 of the 9 schools in 1987; the overall rate of absenteeism became significantly low with an increase in the vaccination rate. 4) No such trend, however, was noted in any of the schools in 1988. 5) The difference between the results in 1987 and those in 1988 seems to be attributable to the facts that variability of the prevailing strains of influenza was low (V0, 82%) in 1987, in addition to the high vaccination rate in that year, and that influenza virus type B having a high variability (V3, or more, 78%) prevailed in 1988, when the vaccination rate was low.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed1989

Insertion of a signal peptide-derived hydrophobic segment into the mature domain of OmpC, an outer membrane protein, does not interfere with the export of the following polypeptide chain across the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli.

The effects of a hydrophobic peptide segment inserted into the amino-terminal region of the mature domain of OmpC, an outer membrane protein, on its translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane was studied. Both the intact OmpC and central domain-deleted OmpC were examined. The hydrophobic segment was derived from the signal peptide of OmpF. Secretory translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane was examined by means of proteinase K treatment. Four monoclonal antibodies that recognize different regions of OmpC were used to characterize proteinase K-resistant fragments. Insertion of the hydrophobic segment did not appreciably prevent the translocation of these proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane, larger parts of them being found as mature forms, which were mostly localized outside the cytoplasmic membrane. Circumstantial evidence supports the view, on the other hand, that the inserted hydrophobic domain was retained in the cytoplasmic membrane. It is concluded, therefore, that the hydrophobic segment, although it is not exported across the cytoplasmic membrane, does not prevent the secretion of the following polypeptide chain. The secretion was dependent on the amino-terminal signal peptide. Insertion of positive charges immediately after the hydrophobic segment resulted in suppression of the translocation. Based on these results possible mechanisms by which the secretion of the polypeptide chain after the hydrophobic segment are discussed.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗

PubMed1988