Biomedical subjects

A Skevas

Publications and source records attributed to A Skevas.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

A comparison of electroneuronography with facial nerve latency testing for prognostic accuracy in patients with Bell's palsy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of electroneuronography (ENOG), also called evoked electromyography (EEMG), and facial nerve latency testing (FNLT) to assess the prognosis of facial nerve palsy, using the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system as criterion. From 1988 to 1994 these tests were employed at the ORL Clinic of the University of Ioannina in 250 patients with idiopathic facial nerve palsy. The ENOG test results indicated that when the amplitude of the compound muscle action potentials ranged from 51% to 95% of the normal value, 97% of the patients achieved complete functional recovery (grade I) within at least 2 months. When the muscle action potential decreased to a value below 51% of normal values, prognosis for recovery was considerably worse. FNLT test results indicated that as the latency time extended, the recovery grade of the facial nerve worsened. When latency time was within the normal range (group A patients), about 92% of patients had complete functional recovery. In contrast all patients having either a very extended latency time or unable to be monitored (groups C and D) demonstrated incomplete functional recoveries that ranged from grade II to grade VI. Comparing each test with the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system, we ascertained that the percent accuracy for ENOG was 97.6%, and that for FNLT was 94.4%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Facial nerve palsy during pregnancy.

The aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether pregnancy predisposes to facial nerve palsy and what the specific properties of facial nerve palsy are during this period. Eight cases of idiopathic facial nerve palsy occurring during the last trimester of pregnancy are presented. Out of 50 women with idiopathic facial nerve palsy, 15 were in childbearing age; eight presented a facial nerve palsy during pregnancy of which 6 during the last trimester of pregnancy. The electrodiagnostic tests indicated nerve degeneration in two of the eight cases; they were treated with corticosteroids. In the other six patients, no nerve degeneration was observed, and therefore, no treatment was given. These data suggest that pregnancy is probably associated with an increased predisposition to facial nerve palsy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Inner ear involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective clinical study.

Sensorineural hearing loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported to be the result of the extra-articular manifestation of the disease (rheumatoid nodular vasculitis) or due to drug ototoxicity. In an attempt to investigate the presence of sensorineural hearing loss and the possible causes for it we investigated prospectively 45 RA patients (42 female; three male) with a mean age of 52.5 +/- 10.7 years and a mean disease duration of 8.5 +/- 7.3 years. All patients underwent a complete physical examination and audiological evaluation which included pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry (tympanogram, static compliance, acoustic reflex, reflex decay, acoustic reflex latency test. We found a sensorineural hearing loss > 20 dB HL in 44.4 per cent (40/90) ears. In all cases the site of hearing loss was the cochlea and in most of them it was bilateral and symmetric (16 patients out of 45 had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss i.e. 35.5 per cent. There was no correlation between sensorineural hearing loss and age, sex, disease duration, articular and extra-articular manifestations and the presence of autoantibodies in our patients. In addition, no correlation was found between sensorineural hearing loss and drug therapy for one at least of the following drugs: NSAIDs, D-penicillamine, plaquenil and methotrexate. We noticed a prologation of acoustic reflex latency in five patients (10 per cent) which was found to be correlated with the temporomandibular joint involvement and the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF). We conclude that inner ear involvement in RA is expressed by: (1) mild symmetric, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear type in 35.5 per cent of patients; (2) normal acoustic reflex thresholds; (3) nondecay; and (4) prologation of acoustic reflex latency which appeared in a small number of patients (10 per cent).

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed1995

[Our experience with parotid cysts].

The cysts of the parotid gland are very rare lesions of congenital or acquired aetiopathogenesis. In most cases, the symptom is an unilateral painless swelling in the area of the parotid without any fixation to the overlying skin or any involvement of the facial nerve. These must be distinguished from neoplasms with a similar clinical presentation or neoplasms with a cystic component. Making the right preoperative diagnosis can be extremely difficult but the adequate therapy remains the superficial parotidectomy. However the final diagnosis is established histopathologically. The precise histological classification is often an elaborate task because of the similarities in the epithelial lining of the various cysts and the heterogeneity in their histogenic origin. In this study, the authors describe four cases of parotid cystis. They examine the clinical aspects, the preoperative diagnostic approach, the treatment and they analyse the histopathological findings. Finally, their results are compared with the data found in the international medical literature.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Comparative study of evoked electromyography and facial nerve latency test in the prognosis of idiopathic facial nerve palsy in childhood.

We report our results from the application of evoked electromyography (EEMG) and facial nerve latency testing (FNLT) in 30 children aged 4-14 years with idiopathic facial palsy. Our aim was to define the value of these tests as prognostic tools in Bell's palsy. From the EEMG results we ascertained that, when the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential varied between 51% and 95% of the normal value, the neuronal damage is slight (neurapraxia). When the percentage value of muscle response decreases, the prognosis is worse. The results of the FNLT showed that, when the latency is within normal limits, the damage to the nerve is slight (neurapraxia). If the latency is prolonged, the prognosis is worse. Evaluation of our results and comparison with the index of facial nerve functional recovery showed that those two tests have a high percentage of correctness (100% for the EEMG and 96.7% for the FNLT) and a low percentage of error. We conclude that these tests are excellent for predicting the outcome of facial nerve palsy in childhood and we suggest that young patents undergo both so that the determination of the lesion may be as correct as possible.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Our experiences with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and its surgical treatment using an extracranial approach].

The cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is usually due to a skull lesion and is potentially dangerous for the patient, as it can be followed by an ascending meningitis. The extracranial approach (external ethmoidectomy, osteoplasty of the frontal sinus) has substituted craniotomy, especially in cases where the cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is not due to intracranial lesions. In this study, we describe the surgical treatment of 9 patients treated in our clinic, and we make a brief review of the literature.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1993

Hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in childhood from the use of streptomycin in Albania.

With the entry of a large number of Albanians in the area of Epirus over the past 8 months, a significant number of children with hearing problems or deafness has been examined in the out patient ward of the University Hospital of Ioannina. From the Pediatric-Neurologic-Psychiatric and Otorhinolaryngologic examination of these children, 18 cases with hearing problems and vestibular dysfunction due to administration of streptomycin sulfate have been defined. This article reports the ototoxic drug which has been used and is still being used in Albania, the procedure of audiological and vestibular investigation, and the damage which has been evoked in the auditory and vestibular pathway of the children in whom it has been administered.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed1993

[Comparison of the prognostic value between the nerve excitability test and maximum stimulation test in evaluation of Bell's palsy].

In the present comparative study we applied the nerve excitability test (NET) and the maximum stimulation test (MST) to 131 patients with idiopathic facial nerve palsy. Our aim was to determine their value in the evaluation of facial nerve function. Results showed that the percentage of error of the NET in the prognosis of facial nerve palsy was 16%. In contrast, the MST was simple in its application and had a high percentage of reliability (97%). However, it remains a qualitative method, since it is dependent on the examiner's observations.

Axons↗

PubMed1993

[Tumors of the soft palate and the palatal vault. Our experiences].

The palate neoplasias are rare and come from either the minor salivary glands or the stratified epithelium. The malignant tumors of the hard palate are present 3-4 times more frequently than the malpighian carcinomas which, on the contrary, are prevailing at the soft palate. The malignant tumors of the palate may be located or extended to the neighbouring anatomical structures. The application of extended surgical operations for their treatment often creates great anatomical deficiencies which need the application of a reparatory intervention for restoration. We present, in this study, our experience with 6 benign and 8 malignant tumors of the hard and soft palate that we treated through surgical operation.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1993

[Capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity. Apropos of a case].

The nasal haemangiomas are a very rare cause of epistaxis and nasal obstruction. We report a case of capillary haemangioma with the appearance of a large pedunculated nasal polyp, which was located in the middle area of the right nasal cavity's roof. We also report the clinical and histopathological findings, the differential diagnosis and the therapeutic approach of these benign angiomatous tumors.

Capillaries↗

PubMed1992

Perceptive bilateral deafness following clinical tetanus to a neonate.

A rare case of bilateral perceptive deafness following clinical tetanus is reported. The patient was a 15-day-old neonate. The clinical tetanus was treated with tetanus antitoxin (human gamma globulins) and penicillin. The exact mechanism of auditory nerve damage associated clinical tetanus and treatment with human tetanus antitoxin and penicillin is still not clearly known. We believe that the damage of the hearing organ can be attributed to the tetanus toxin and not to the human gamma globulins (tetanus antitoxin).

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗

PubMed1992

[Norrie-Wardburg syndrome].

We describe a case of a 25-year old patient with typical Norrie-Warburg Syndrome. From the first year of his life he was found to be blind, with bilateral sensorineural loss of hearing. Audiological examination showed symmetrical moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. His hearing loss was refractory to treatment for the last eight years. Because of timely diagnosis of hearing loss and timely fitting of a hearing aid, the patient could study at school and graduate from university education. Disease carriers who are clinically healthy can be identified only via chromosome analysis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Our experience with surgical treatment of posterior epistaxis. Report of 16 cases].

Management of intractable posterior epistaxis remains a challenge to the otolaryngologist. When anterior and posterior packing techniques fail to control the hemorrhage, a surgical technique designed to interrupt the blood supply to the posterior parts of the nose is indicated. The common procedures employ ligation of the external carotid artery, of the maxillary artery and its terminal branch the sphenopalatine artery. Those procedures performed on 16 patients are clearly described and the indications for each one are established. Immediate control of bleeding was accomplished in 14 of 16 patients. Two patients had postoperatively recurrent but less severe epistaxis.

Epistaxis↗

PubMed1992

[Cutaneous melanoma of the cervicofacial region. Personal experiences].

The malignant melanomas are expansive tumors of neoplastic melanocytes. In the present study, five cases of patients are reported which have been hospitalized in E.N.T. department of our hospital during the last four years with skin melanomas of the head and neck. We note our opinions on diagnosis and treatment of these malignant tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Inverted papilloma of the nose. Apropos of a case associating polyps and an inverted papilloma of the nose].

In this article is presented a case report of a 59 years old woman with a medical history of recurrent nasal polyps (from 20 years ago). This woman presented an inverted papilloma in the middle meatus of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity simultaneously with the nasal polyps, and she was faced with surgical intranasal removal. The patient, two years later, presented again nasal polyps, but without any indication of the recurrence of the inverted papilloma. It is noticed the value of the local surgical removal of the inverted papilloma in patients who do not present extensive tumors.

Female↗

PubMed1992

[The incidence of Actinomyces israeli colonization in tonsillar tissue. A histopathological study].

The presence of the Actinomyces usually is not determined by the common histologic examination of preparations of tonsillar tissue which has been removed surgically. The Actinomyces are common saprophytic microorganisms which are found inter alia in the oral cavity and palatine tonsils. In this study, the authors examined histologically 238 surgical preparations of tonsillar tissue. In 84 of these, that is 35.21%, it has been noted, except the others, the presence of Actinomyces israeli. At the same time, the authors state their views concerning the contribution of the Actinomyces of tonsillar crypts to the pathogenesis of chronic tonsillitis.

Actinomyces↗

PubMed1992

[The technic and advantages of using the tongue flap in the reconstructive surgery of cancer of the oral cavity. Our experience apropos 16 cases].

In this study, primary we present briefly the main anatomic elements that concern the tongue as also the clinical and other structures of the cancer of the oral cavity. Simultaneously, we notice our experience from the use of the tongue flap in 16 patients with cancer of the floor of the oral cavity. This procedure is simple, easy, brief and it does not cause aesthetic problems to patients. It is also emphasized that this method does not create functional disabilities to the rest part of the tongue, with result the patients not have disturbances in speech, in chewing or in swallowing.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Aberrant heterotopic salivary gland in a lateral neck cyst].

An extra aberrant salivary gland located in a branchial cyst is presented. The branchial cysts are usually the result of a transformation disturbance of the branchial clefts and arches, or are cystic changes of the lymph nodes. The above finding can possibly be interpreted if we suppose that an aberrant salivary gland located in a lymph node can develop a cyst. The theory that branchial cysts originate from lymph nodes is encouraged by our case. This theory can also support the existence of unusual tumours in the neck, e.g. adenolymphomas. The content of these cysts can be easily approximately estimated via computed tomography.

Adolescent↗