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Biomedical subjects

A Skulberg

Publications and source records attributed to A Skulberg.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Criteria of death and time of death--do Norwegian physicians follow laws and regulations?].

In Norway, death is defined as total and irreversible damage of the whole central nervous system. This means that the time of death is some minutes after circulatory arrest. The time lapse may vary from about five minutes up to 45 minutes, depending on the temperature in the brain when the circulation ceased. Five cases of spontaneous circulation after cessation of resuscitation are described. All the patients had asystoly, diagnosed on ECG by anaesthesiologists. The resuscitation had lasted for 30 minutes when the crew of the ambulance, which included a doctor, gave up. Two of the patients left the hospital alive, three died after some hours. One of the patients had no cerebral sequelae, the other developed dementia. Circulation may also start spontaneously after the doctor has diagnosed circulatory arrest in patients suffering from suffocation and exsanguination.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiopulmonary resuscitation attempts at Ullevål hospital during January 1989-July 1990].

During the period January 1989 to July 1990, 68 in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitations were attempted in 65 patients at Ullevål Hospital. The total number of deaths during the same period was 2,166. 21 patients survived initially (32%). Nine patients died later, and 12 patients (18%) were discharged from hospital without major cerebral disability. Six patients were alive at follow-up 13-25 months after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. No differences in survival were found between males and females, or between patients under and over 70 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Accidental hypothermia. Risk factors in 29 patients with body temperature of 30 degrees C and below].

29 patients with a body temperature below 30 degrees C (mean 26.4 degrees C) were treated during the period 1982-88, both years inclusive. Eight patients were severely hypotensive (systolic blood pressure less than 60 mm Hg) and two had ventricular fibrillation on admission. Bradycardia (less than 60 beats per minute) was noted in ten patients. 12 patients were rewarmed by surface warming, 17 by extracorporeal circulation with femoral cannulation. 22 patients (76%) were discharged alive. Age, sex, body temperature, method and rate of rewarming, serum electrolytes, acidosis and the use of blood components did not influence the outcome. Renal failure was the only complication associated with a fatal outcome. Severe hypotension on admission tended to increase mortality, but logistic regression analysis identified the mode of cooling as the only independent risk factor for death. A patient cooled indoors had an odd risk of 10.6 of hospital mortality compared to one found outdoors. For the sake of convenience, in hospitals with the available resources rewarming by extracorporeal circulation may be used in patients with circulatory arrest, since this is the easiest way to control and support failing circulation. In all other cases carefully monitored surface rewarming should be used as this necessitates less use of hospital resources and produces equally good results.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by lay people.

The survival-rate in 75 of 631 patients with cardiac arrest in whom resuscitation was started outside hospital by lay people was 36%. Only 8% survived when attempts at resuscitation were delayed until the arrival of an ambulance team which included an anaesthetist and a specially trained nurse. These data show the importance of anoxia-time (time from cessation of circulation to initiation of resuscitation) to the chances of survival after resuscitation) to the chances of survival after resuscitation, and support the idea that lay people should be taught and encourage to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1975

[Hypothermia].

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Accidents↗
PubMed1975

[Drownings].

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Drowning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the technique of external cardiac compression.

ECG, arterial flow and pressure were recorded during external cardiac compression (ECC) in a patient whose heart had ceased beating. The patient was a 68-year-old female who remained comatose for 2 weeks after an emergency laparotomy for perforated diverticulitis of the colon. She developed sepsis, renal failure, and cardiopulmonary failure. During ECC, the pressure on the sternum was maintained for about 0.5 sec (sustained pressure technique), flow and mean arterial pressure were improved by 32 and 20%, respectively, as compared with flow and pressure obtained with a quick and more jerky compression. During spontaneous heart activity with a low blood pressure, a superimposed ECC improved both flow and mean arterial pressure. Calcium chloride and adrenaline injected into the right atrium increased the tone and contractile power of the heart and greatly improved flow and pressure when the heart was subsequently compressed during asystole.

Aged↗