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Biomedical subjects

A Sodi

Publications and source records attributed to A Sodi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Nitric oxide proxies and ocular perfusion pressure in primary open angle glaucoma.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the levels of nitric oxide (NO) markers in plasma and aqueous humour of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and their relation to ocular perfusion pressure. METHODS: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and nitrite (NO(2)(-)) were determined in plasma and aqueous humour of 38 patients with POAG and 46 controls. Blood pressure and IOP were measured to calculate ocular perfusion pressure (PP). RESULTS: cGMP and NO(2)(-) plasma levels were significantly decreased in glaucoma patients compared with controls (p = 0.001 v p = 0.004). In the aqueous humour of subjects with POAG, cGMP and NO(2)(-) concentrations were also lower than in normal eyes (p = 0.0001 v p = 0.001). There was a linear association between cGMP in plasma and aqueous humour in glaucomas and controls (r = 0.514, p = 0.029 and r = 0.558, p = 0.004) and this relation differed in the two groups (p = 0.003). Considering glaucoma patients with controls, a positive correlation was found between cGMP and PP (r = 0.379, p = 0.01) and between NO(2)(-) and PP (r = 0.339, p = 0.040). The cGMP/PP correlation was of borderline statistical significance in controls (p = 0.050), whereas it did not attain statistical significance in POAG, as well as the association between NO(2)(-) and PP when glaucomas and controls were considered separately. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found alterations of NO markers in the plasma and aqueous humour of glaucoma patients. Primary or secondary impaired NO balance could alter ocular perfusion pressure.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Ocular haemodynamics and nitric oxide in normal pressure glaucoma.

The authors studied the ocular haemodynamics by means of the Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) technique and the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the intracellular mediator of NO action in plasma and the aqueous humour in a Normal Pressure Glaucoma group and in a normal group. They found significant alterations of both the velocities, systolic and diastolic, in the Ophthalmic Artery and lower cGMP levels in NPGs than in the controls. These data suggest that a disorder of NO regulation processes might be involved in blood supply to the optic nerve and in aqueous humour outflow.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Ocular haemodynamics in glaucoma associated with high myopia.

The ocular blood flow of a group of high myopic and glaucomatous eyes has been investigated by means of the Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) technique, comparing the results with those of some very myopic eyes without glaucoma, some non-myopic glaucomatous eyes and with a control group. The Ophthalmic Artery (OA), the Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries (SPCAs) and the Central Retinal Artery (CRA) were considered. For every vessel, peak systolic velocity (SV), end-diastolic velocity (DV) and the Pourcelot Resistivity Index were studied. The statistical analysis was performed by means of t-test according to Bonferroni procedure for multiple comparisons. The authors registered in the group of eyes with glaucoma associated with very severe myopia some abnormalities of the OA blood flow systolic velocity which might be interpreted as a vascular risk factor for the pathogenesis of the glaucomatous optic neuropathy; these abnormalities are more severe in glaucoma patients with high myopia than in an age-matched group of glaucoma patients without myopia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ocular haemodynamics in some subgroups of normal pressure glaucoma.

The authors studied, by means of Color Doppler Imaging, a group of Normal Pressure Glaucoma subjects They found some haemodynamic abnormalities in them which differed in the various subgroups. It would seem that, for each NPG subgroup, there are specific physiopathological and clinical features.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1994

Possible correlations of ocular blood flow parameters with intraocular pressure and visual-field alterations in glaucoma: a study by means of color Doppler imaging.

The authors evaluated, by means of color Doppler imaging, the blood flow of the ophthalmic artery, ciliary arteries and central retinal artery in normal and glaucomatous subjects. In normals they found that flow velocities of all considered vessels progressively decline while resistivity indices increase with advancing age. In glaucomatous subjects there was a statistically significant reduction of the mean systolic peak flow velocity of the ophthalmic artery in comparison with normals. Glaucomatous eyes with uncontrolled IOP and with visual-field worsening showed a statistically significant decrease in the end-diastolic flow velocities and an increase in the resistivity index values in ciliary arteries.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

Color Doppler imaging in evaluation of optic nerve blood supply in normal and glaucomatous subjects.

The authors evaluate by means of Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) the blood flow in ophthalmic artery, posterior ciliary arteries and central retinal artery in a group of glaucomatous patients. The data obtained in this study show a statistically significant reduction of the mean systolic peak flow velocity in ophthalmic artery in glaucomas in comparison with controls. In Glaucomatous patients with uncontrolled IOP there was a reduction of end-diastolic flow velocities and a rise of resistivity index in ciliary arteries and central retinal artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Morphological study of extraocular muscle proprioceptor alterations in congenital strabismus.

The sensorial structures located at the myotendinous junction of the extraocular muscles of patients suffering from congenital strabismus have been studied. Important alterations of these receptors have been observed, both at light and electron microscopy. The receptors appear smaller, with an inner capsule dividing the tendinous component into irregularly shaped compartments. At electron microscopy it is possible to identify: (1) receptors still possessing their architecture and nerve component but with modified nerve ending features and relationship with the Schwann cell covering; (2) receptors maintaining their general architecture but completely lacking the nerve component; (3) receptors where also the general architecture is completely disorganized. All these alterations seem to indicate that in strabismics the reception and transmission of proprioceptive information are abnormal and support the hypothesis that a disturbance of ocular proprioception can play an important role in the pathogenesis of congenital strabismus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The influence of early diabetes on the pattern electroretinogram.

Pattern electroretinogram response and contrast sensitivity were evaluated in two groups of diabetic patients by means of psychophysical and electrophysiological methods. The first group consisted of subjects suffering from diabetic retinopathy in various stages of evolution; the second was composed of diabetic patients with no fundus alterations and with good visual acuity. In both groups of patients, when the pattern electroretinogram was altered, contrast sensitivity was also abnormal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

In vitro interleukin-1 production by different dialysis membranes.

This study investigates the Il-1 production in vitro by normal peripheral blood monocytes or non-T cells following contact with different dialysis membranes (cuprophan, polysulphone, polymethylmethacrylate and polyacrylonitrile), in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide. The results of this study show that the physical contact between dialysis membranes and Il-1 producing cells is not by itself able to induce abundant Il-1 production unless exogenous lipopolysaccharide is added. A modest Il-1 production, however, could be observed with synthetic membranes (polysulphone and polyacrylonitrile), but not with cellulose membranes (cuprophan). Used membranes are completely ineffective as a trigger of Il-1 synthesis.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1988

Fine structure of the receptors at the myotendinous junction of human extraocular muscles.

The myotendinous junction of the human extraocular muscles was studied by electron microscopy. Some peculiar receptorial structures have been found in the majority of the samples examined. These structures are very small and consist of 1) the terminal portion of one muscle fibre, 2) the tendon into which it inserts and 3), within the tendon, a rich nerve arborization, whose branches are always very close to the muscle component. Only one discontinuous layer, made up of flat cells, which lack a basal lamina and often show pinocytotic vesicles, encapsules every musculo-tendinous complex. The tendinous component consists of amorphous ground substance of different electron density, of collagen and elastic fibres and is divided in compartments by ramified cells, which make an inner capsular-like covering to the nerve fibres. Three types of afferent nerve endings can be identified. One type is usually more frequent than the others, possesses a large number of neurotubules and neurofilaments and few mitochondria and is always surrounded by a Schwann cell which forms finger-like processes penetrating into the axoplasm. The second type is only partially enveloped by the Schwann cell. The axoplasm is devoid of neurotubules and contains few neurofilaments, several mitochondria and groups of small clear vesicles placed in the areas uncovered by the glial sheath. The third one is completely surrounded by the Schwann cell, but is devoid of neurotubules and neurofilaments and full of mitochondria. These morphological features correspond well with the probable role of these receptorial structures, which is to ensure very exact and precise ocular movements.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Nitrate induced anaemia in home dialysis patients.

Many home dialysis patients in Florence and the surrounding area suddenly showed an unusual anaemia. All used a softener for water treatment. They demonstrated methaemoglobinaemia, Heinz bodies and reduction in plasma haptoglobin indicating Hb oxidation. Tap water analysis showed excessive nitrates. The substitution of the softeners with deionisers solved this important and unusual clinical problem.

Anemia↗