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Biomedical subjects

A Solignac

Publications and source records attributed to A Solignac.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Change in amplitude distributions of Doppler spectrograms recorded below the aortic valve in patients with a valvular aortic stenosis.

Amplitude distributions of Doppler spectrograms were characterized in a group of 22 patients having no aortic pressure gradient and another group of 26 patients having a stenotic aortic valve. Specifically, for each patient, the ratios of the mean amplitude in three normalized frequency bands (low, middle and high) to the mean amplitude of the Doppler spectrogram computed in selected portions of the systolic period were considered. Pulsed-wave Doppler spectrograms were recorded by positioning the sample volume in the left ventricular outflow tract, approximately 1 cm below the aortic valve. Statistically significant differences were found between the middle (p = 0.041) and high (p = 0.028) frequency bands of Doppler signals recorded from the two groups of patients. The differences observed are believed to be attributed to blood flow eddies generated below the stenotic aortic heart valve and to changes in blood flow orientation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The treatment of cardiac insufficiency using vasodilators (author's transl)].

Clinical applications involve heart failure during the acute phase of myocardial infarction, with the possibility of reducing the degree and extent of the perinecrotic ischaemic zone of the infarction. Treatment of this type would seem also to be particularly valuable in the provisional management of acute or sub-acute regurgitating valvular lesions: mitral insufficiency and interventricular communication secondary to an acute infarction, mitral and/or aortic regurgitation due the endocarditis. Finally, the results of oral vasodilators in the context of chronic refractory heart failure would seem ot be encouraging in the short term but their influence on long term prognosis is not known.

Coronary Circulation↗
PubMed1978

[The treatment of congestive heart failure by using vasodilators. I. Physiological basis. Different vasodilators (author's transl)].

The use of vasodilators represents a new approach in the treatment of heart failure. These drugs have the property of causing vasodilatation of either arterial or venous predominance or balanced between these two vascular beds. Arterio-dilators (phentolamine, hydralazine) increase stroke volume and cardiac output by decreasing ventricular afterload. Veno-dilators (nitroglycerine) have little effect on cardiac output but decrease ventricular filling pressure, thereby relieving pulmonary venous hypertension. Mixed vasodilators (Sodium nitroprussideate, trimetaphan) combine these two groups of properties in various degrees. The majority of these drugs can only be administered intravenously, with careful haemodynamic surveillance.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1977

External counterpulsation: coronary hemodynamics and use in treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris.

External pressure counterpulsation (ECP) has been reported to improve the clinical status of patients with angina pectoris. To document the mechanisms for such an improvement left ventricular oxygen consumption and lactate metabolism, coronary sinus blood flow, and cardiac index were studied in 10 patients with angina pectoris 1) prior to and during ECP; and 2) during right atrial pacing before and after 4 consecutive 2-hour sessions of ECP treatment. During ECP peak early and mean arterial diastolic pressures were significantly raised above control values by 32 and 13% respectively. However, coronary sinus blood flow, left ventricular oxygen consumption and left ventricular lactate extraction, mean systolic arterial pressure and cardiac index were not significantly altered by ECP. Right atrial pacing at 140 beats/min increased coronary sinus blood flow 70% over control values and induced angina and ischemic ST segment changes in 8 patients before and after 4 consecutive treatments of ECP. ECP treatment did not significantly modify the above metabolic and hemodynamic responses at rest or during atrial pacing. Although 5 patients reported improvement in angina symptoms the effect was transitory. No significant improvement over pre ECP-treatment exercise angina threshold was observed immediately following or at 1 and 3 months post treatment. This method of noninvasive circulatory assistance appears to be of doubtful value in the management of patients with stable angina pectoris.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine after prolonged intravenous infusions in uncomplicated myocardial infarction.

The kinetics of the elimination of lidocaine upon discontinuation of lidocaine infusions lasting more than 24 h were studied in 12 patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarctions. In this group of patients the mean half-life of the elimination phase was found to be 3.22 h. This is significantly different from the half-life of 100 min that has been reported after bolus injections or infusions lasting less than 12 h. This longer half-life should be taken into consideration in estimating the duration of toxicity and the rate of administration of the drug during and after intravenous infusions lasting 24 h or more.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Cardiological signs and symptoms in Friedreich's ataxia.

The cardiovascular signs and symptoms were recorded in 36 patients with typical Friedreich's Ataxia (Group Ia, Ib). Seventeen patients were asymptomatic and this did not correlate with the severity of the disease. No pathognomonic clinical constellation was found to reveal the underlying cardiomyopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Hemodynamic findings in Friedreich's ataxia.

Thirteen patients with classical Friedreich's ataxia underwent cardiac catheterization with recordings of retrograde cardiac pressures, measurements of cardiac output and calculation of the left ventricular volumes and mass. The cardiomyopathy in Friedreich's ataxia falls into the hypertrophic group of cardiomyopathies with decreased compliance of ventricular myocardium, varying degrees of concentric and asymmetric hypertrophy and outflow tract obstruction. Although there is no clear parallel between the degree of abnormal hemodynamic findings and the degree of neurological impairment, severely handicapped patients may present a diffusely hypertrophied and hypokinetic left ventricular myocardium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Influence of left ventricular function on survival 3 to 4 years after aortocoronary bypass.

Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was calculated using single plane cineventriculography in 93 patients in whom aortocoronary bypass surgery was performed before July 1970. Preoperative EF (mean plus or minus SEM) was 0.29 plus or minus 0.04 in 9 patients deceased between 2 and 35 mth after operation, significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than EF of 84 patients having survived 3 yr or more (0.55 plus or minus 0.02). The 3- to 4-yr mortality in these patients was 22.2% when preoperative EF was less than 0.50 and 1.75% when it was greater than or equal to 0.50 (p less than 0.01). Likewise, late mortality rose to 43.7% when EF was less than 0.40, compared to 2.6% when it was greater than or equal to 0.40 (p less than 0.005). In 21 patients in this series, left ventricular volumes and EF showed no significant difference before, approximately one year and between 3 and 4 yr after operation. This included 9 patients with normal or near normal contraction and 12 patients with impaired ventricular contraction preoperatively. Thus, in this study, preoperative EF was a major determinant of long-term prognosis after aortocoronary bypass and EF was not improved between 3 and 4 yr postoperatively. These data suggest, then, that in order to enhance survival after aortocoronary bypass, patients should be operated on before significant myocardial damage has occurred.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1975

[Correlations between the sub-maximal exercise electrocardiogram and selective coronarography: a critical study of positive criteria].

A critical study of the electrical criteria for coronary insufficiency was undertaken on the basis of a group of 150 patients who underwent a selective coronary arteriography and a submaximal effort electrocardiogram and free of any functional coronary insufficiency. The three following notions became apparent: -- a downward displacement of the J point is greater than or equal to 4 mm has a very high predicitive value (90%) for coronary insufficiency, whatever the slope of the following ST segment; -- anslowly ascending, rigid ST segment with a slope included between 0.1 and 1 mV/sec. has a value equivalent to that of the classical criterion: horizontal or descending slope of the ST segment greater or equal than 1 mm; -- the ischaemic index put formard by McHenry (J is less than or equal 1 - J + ST is greater than or equal 0) is not specific enough to be of practical value.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The importance of quantitative left ventriculography in coronary heart disease (author's transl)].

Regional impairment of left ventricular contraction in chronic stage of coronary artery disease is best demonstrated by using left ventriculography. Moreover, left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction can be computed from this angiography. Changes in these volumetric parameters are closely related to the degree of left ventricular dysfonction and to the adaptation mechanisms due to ventricular asynergy. Since left ventricular dysfonction has a high prognostic value in coronary artery disease (CAD), left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction should be measured as a routine of angiographic evaluation of CAD.

Cardiac Volume↗