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Biomedical subjects

A Solomon

Publications and source records attributed to A Solomon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Bond strength of restorative materials to human dentin: influence of post-extraction time.

This study was undertaken to determine if the time after which teeth are extracted influences the tensile bond strength of a glass ionomer (Fuji II: GC) and a dentin bonding agent (Scotchbond Self Cure; 3M) to dentin. Within 20 min of extraction, 14 teeth were bonded with glass ionomer and 13 teeth with Scotchbond Self Cure plus a composite material (Clearfil; Kuraray), by attachment of orthodontic brackets to prepared dentin surfaces. The bonds were fractured in tension, and yielded values of 3.7 MPa for glass ionomer and 1.08 MPa for Scotchbond Self Cure + Clearfil. These data were significantly different (P less than 0.002) from data previously obtained from the use of old teeth, from which values of 2.20 MPa and 1.82 MPa for glass ionomer and Clearfil + Scotchbond Self Cure, respectively, were obtained. It was concluded that the time after extraction can significantly change bond strengths to dentin, but that the direction and magnitude of these changes depend on the adhesive system used.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1991

New surgical approach to overcome the inability of injured mammalian axons to grow within their environment.

We present a new method for creating conditions conductive to axonal growth in injured optic nerves of adult rabbits. The surgical approach consists of making a cavity in the adult rabbit optic nerve, into which a piece of nitrocellulose soaked with conditioned medium originating from regenerating fish optic nerves is implanted. In addition, daily irradiation (10 days, 5 min, 35 mW) with low energy He-Ne laser is carried out. Such a combined treatment may open a door to neurobiologists and clinicians, hoping to unravel the enigma of mammalian CNS regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antibodies elicited by pneumococcal antigens bear an anti-DNA--associated idiotype.

There is evidence in both murine and human lupus that the production of anti-DNA antibodies may be triggered by environmental antigens. To explore this further, we studied the serum of 10 nonautoimmune individuals immunized with a polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. All 10 patients showed a rise in the titer of antipneumococcal antibodies bearing an anti-DNA-associated idiotype. The antipneumococcal response was specific as no idiotypic antitetanus antibodies were detected. Furthermore, no anti-DNA antibodies were present in postvaccination sera. The molecular analysis of antipneumococcal and anti-DNA antibodies bearing a common idiotype will help elucidate how foreign antigen might lead to the production of anti-DNA antibodies in susceptible individuals.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1991

Anterior capsule adherence to iris leading to pseudophakic pupillary block.

We present a rare case of anterior capsule adherence to the iris following extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and leading to pseudophakic pupillary block. There were no synechiae at the pupillary margins associated with the capsule/iris adherence, but aqueous was entrapped behind the iris and intraocular pressure rose. Laser iridotomy was temporarily beneficial, but it had to be repeated several times.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Computerized tomographic recognition of visceral pleural changes.

Pathology of the visceral pleura seen by CT of the lung can be separated from the underlying lung parenchyma by using appropriate CT window viewing settings. A wide window setting permits both pleura and lung parenchyma to be examined simultaneously. The use of mediastinal window setting (i.e., soft tissue) showed the smooth inner surface of parietal pleural fibrosis or plaque formation lying parallel or convex to the associated rib cage, whereas the thickened or calcified visceral pleura had an irregular inner surface with single or multiple protrusions penetrating the underlying lung substance and retraction of the associated pathological visceral pleural surface. We present cases of tuberculous calcified visceral pleura, a talc pleuritis and carcinoma abutting on the interlobar fissure, and clearly demonstrate the CT features.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1991

Intravitreal suture: a complication of pterygium surgery.

Among the complications associated with pterygium surgery, scleral perforation is mentioned in cases where subconjunctival tissue must be separated from the sclera. We present a case in which such a perforation and consequent suturing resulted in an intravitreous migration of a suture. We believe this is the first report of such a complication following pterygium surgery.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Multiple squamous carcinomas and the oesophagus.

Attention is directed to the synchronous and sometimes delayed appearance of squamous carcinoma of the oesophagus with other head and neck squamous carcinomas. The rare occurrence of double carcinoma of the oesophagus is emphasized. Two cases of double carcinoma of the oesophagus occurred in a group of 383 patients who were investigated as part of an epidemiological survey (an incidence of 0,5%). A third case of double carcinoma of the oesophagus is additionally reported.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Contrast computed tomography in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

Computed tomography (CT) has the ability to detect small variations in tissue density. Meglumine diatrizoate was given intravenously to four patients with clinical acute cholecystitis as part of the CT scanning procedure. The enhancement of the thick gallbladder wall, together with an enlarged gallbladder and the presence of stones, confirmed the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Our present experience indicates that, after contrast medium administration, CT has a distinct place in the assessment of acute inflammation of the gallbladder.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Risk of asbestosis in crocidolite and amosite mines in South Africa.

X-rays of all while and mixed-race men employed in crocidolite and amosite mines and mills were read independently by three experienced readers according to the ILO U/C classification. Abnormality was regarded as present if reported by two or more readers. Parenchymal abnormality, defined as the presence of small irregular opacities of profusion 1/0 or greater, was found in 7.3% of the workers. Pleural thickening was found in 4.5% of the workers, costophrenic angle obliteration in 3.2%, and pleural calcification in 1.7%. The prevalences of both pleural and parenchymal abnormality were strongly related to the duration of exposure to asbestos at work. The overall prevalence of abnormality increase from 4.0% in men with exposure for 1 year or less to 47.9% in men with more than 15 years of exposure. After taking into account the effects of age and duration of asbestos exposure, the prevalence of pleural abnormality was not predicted by fiber concentration. However, white men working with amosite tended to develop a higher prevalence of pleural abnormality than did those working with crocidolite. Compared to whites, men of mixed race, who only work with crocidolite, had a high prevalence of pleural abnormality in each exposure duration category. In contrast to pleural abnormality, the prevalence of parenchymal abnormality, after taking into account the effects of age and duration of exposure, was significantly predicted by fiber concentration but not by race or asbestos type. Our results suggest that parenchymal abnormality in workers in South African asbestos mines could be largely prevented by reducing exposure to fibers visible under the light microscope. However, this may not be the case for pleural abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Acetylator phenotype in spontaneous SLE and rheumatoid arthritis.

Acetylator phenotype was determined in 22 patients with spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus and the proportion of 'slow' acetylators compared with that obtained in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and a group of healthy controls. 73% of the SLE group were designated 'slow' compared with 72% of the rheumatoid group and 64% of the control group. These differences were not significant.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1979

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and hexamethylmelamine in the treatment of non-oat cell lung cancer: a pilot study of the Southeastern Cancer Study Group.

Fifty-one patients with metastatic non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and hexamethylmelamine. The overall response rate (all cell types) was 16%. Four of 20 patients with adenocarcinoma had a partial response and an additional five patients classified as having stable disease had tumor regression less than 50%. The median survival of responders and of those with stable disease (all types) was 8 and 7 months respectively, significantly longer than the median survival of patients who progressed (median survival, 2 months [P less than 0.05]). The major dose-limiting toxicity was nausea and vomiting in over half of the patients; hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy were the other adverse effects of the combination.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

A group of 34 proven cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis was investigated by computed tomography (CT) to determine whether CT provided any information beyond that obtained from conventional chest films. Computed tomography disclosed a surprisingly high prevalence of minor pleural changes in sarcoidosis, including two patients with small pleural effusions. Unsuspected bullae and isolated "granulomatous" nodules were additionally demonstrated. Increases in lung density and alterations in gravity dependent vascular perfusion were assessed; these may reflect alterations in the vascular bed, and the increased density is possibly due to diffuse invasion of the lung not recognizable by conventional chest X-ray films. Tracheal compression was noted in one case and vertebral densities in three. Prominence of "small air spaces" was recorded in four patients; the nature of the pathology responsible for this finding is at present speculative. While not replacing conventional chest radiography, CT does make a definite contribution to the assessment of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Adolescent↗