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Biomedical subjects

A Sudarsanam

Publications and source records attributed to A Sudarsanam.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among blood donors in a tertiary care centre in South India.

The distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups was studied among 150,536 blood donors screened at the Dr John Scudder Memorial Blood Bank, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, over a period of 11 years (April 1988 to March 1999). The most common blood group was found to be group O [58,330 (38.75%)], followed by group B [49,202 (32.69%)], and group A [28,372 (18.85%)]. The least common blood group was AB group [7,930 (5.27%)]. A2 or A2B groups were found in 3.01% and 1.43% of donors, respectively. The prevalence of Rh-D negative group was found in 8,225 (5.47%) donors. Bombay group (H negative non-secretor, genotype hh phenotype Oh) was found in six donors (0.004%). Although the incidence of Rh-D negative group was identical to previously published data from North India, the most common blood group was O group in our study as opposed to B group.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1998

Low-dose intermittent factor replacement for post-operative haemostasis in haemophilia.

Recommendations for factor replacement therapy for postoperative haemostasis in haemophilia are often empirical and based on the physiological understanding of haemostatic requirements. This report describes the haemostatic management of patients with severe haemophilia undergoing major surgery using lower than usually recommended levels of factor replacement therapy. Eighteen adults (11 with FVIII and seven with FIX deficiency) with an average weight of 52 kg (range: 27-69) underwent 20 major surgical procedures. Factor concentrates were administered by intermittent bolus infusions. The dose of FVIII infused before surgery was 76 mu kg-1 (range: 51-113) and that of FIX was 77 mu kg-1 (range: 50-104). The preoperative levels achieved were 107% (range: 80-180) and 73% (range: 60-90), respectively. Between days 1 and 3 after surgery, an average of 29 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 20-46) of FVIII and 23 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 12-42) of FIX was used resulting in mean trough levels of 36% (range: 12-62) and 34% (range: 11-52), respectively. After day 4, an average of 19 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 15-25) of FVIII and 18 mu kg-1 day-1 (range: 10-37) of FIX was administered until wound healing. The average duration of factor replacement was 11 days (range: 8-16). The mean dose of factor concentrate per patient was 260 mu kg-1 (range: 179-338) of FVIII and 300 mu kg-1 (range: 183-524) of FIX. The total amount of factor used per patient ranged from 12,380 to 19,980 units of FVIII and 8000 to 23,600 units of FIX. Only one patient had post-operative bleeding which was due to a surgical cause. It is concluded that it may be possible to use much lower than recommended levels of factor replacement therapy for postoperative haemostasis in severe haemophilia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Increasing prevalence of HIV antibody among blood donors monitored over 9 years in one blood bank.

To determine the time trend of HIV infection among non-professional blood donors at the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, the annual HIV prevalence among them for the years 1993-1997 was compared with that of the previous 5 yr. Since confirmed number of HIV positive blood donors is required for calculation of prevalence, the serum samples which were reactive for HIV 1/2 antibody by ELISA, were confirmed by Western blot. The annual prevalence of HIV antibody gradually increased from 1.6 per 1000 in 1988-1989, to 3.8 per 1000 in 1996-1997. The mean tri-annual prevalences for the years 1988-91, 1991-94 and 1994-97 were 1.3, 2.7 and 3.6 per 1000 respectively, suggesting a slow but steady increase in HIV prevalence over time. Our findings provide an insight into the dynamics of HIV infection in the general population of our country, whom the nonprofessional blood donors at our hospital represent.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1981

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. A review and report of 42 cases from South India.

In the 14 year period from June, 1966 to June, 1980, 42 cases of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia have been diagnosed, all fulfilling the criteria of prolonged bleeding time, with normal venous platelet count, defective clot retraction and decreased platelet aggregation, associated with a lifelong bleeding tendency. Few cases have been reported from India though it is the fourth most common congenital bleeding disorder among the patients seen at the Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore. The large number of such cases found in South India as compared with reports from other parts of the world may be due to the high degree of consanguinity which is part of the accepted culture in this area. Reliable diagnosis of this condition is possible with fairly simple laboratory procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Essential athrombia. A report on 4 cases from South India.

Four cases of essential athrombia have been diagnosed in the 14 year period from June, 1966 to June, 1980 at the Coagulation Laboratory of the Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore. All cases fit Inceman's description of the original case and fulfill the diagnostic criteria of prolonged bleeding time, decreased platelet aggregation, normal platelet count, normal morphology and normal clot retraction. No cases have been reported from India in the past 15 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Randomized study of local control and survival following radical surgery or radiation therapy in oral and laryngeal carcinomas.

From 1971 to 1975, 100 patients with glottic, supraglottic, and oral cavity lesions were prospectively randomized between primary radiation treatment and primary surgery. Local control and survival were similar with either treatment for lesions of the oral cavity or supraglottic larynx. Comparison between radiation alone and surgery alone for T1 and T2 glottic laryngeal lesions showed local control rates of 76% and 100% (P=0.32); after secondary salvage attempts, local control rates were 82% and 100%, respectively (P= 0.52). Neither result approached statistical significance. Successful radiation for early glottic larynx lesions resulted in superior deglutition and equivalent voice function compared to successful primary treatment with conservation laryngectomy. For oral cavity lesions, swallowing was impaired in the same percentage of radiated and operated patients, but fewer primary radiation patients had articulation difficulties. Among the patients with supraglottic larynx lesions, aspiration was not a problem with either radiation or surgery, but successful radiation perhaps maintained a slightly better voice quality.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Randomized study of control of the primary tumor and survival using preoperative radiation, radiation alone, or surgery alone in head and neck carcinomas.

Fifty-five selected patients with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck regions were studied in a randomized, prospective manner. The three treatment categories were primary radiation (Gp R), primary surgery (Gp S), and preoperative radiation of 4000 rads in four weeks (Gp R/S). The local control rates for the 44 evaluable patients with a two-year minimum followup were 24%, 39%, and 43% respectively. Further treatment attempts in patients failing initial therapy yielded local control rates of 35%, 39%, and 43% for Gp R, Gp S, and Gp R/S, respectively. None of the local control rates nor the corresponding survival curves were significantly different at P less than 0.10. However, the group sizes were sufficiently small that true differences might not have been detected. Postoperative complications were higher in the primary radiation failures subsequently operated upon compared to the primary surgery group (P = 0.07).

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1978

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome complicating shigella dystentery in south Indian children.

Shigella dysentery caused 65% of all cases of acute renal failure (ARF) seen in children treated at the Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, during the 33 months ending September 1977. In the 40 children with ARF secondary to shigella dysentery, haematological findings suggested that they were suffering from the haemolytic-uraemic syndrome, and glomerular hypercellularity and fibrin deposition were present in all 12 patients whose renal histology could be studied. Peritoneal dialysis was the main element of treatment: 43% of children who underwent dialysis improved, compared with only 25% of those who did not undergo dialysis. The haemolytic-uraemic syndrome precipitated by bacillary dystentery is therefore the most important cause of ARF in children aged under 5 years in Tamil Nadu and the adjoining area of Andhra Pradesh.

Acute Kidney Injury↗