PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to A Sutherland.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gypsies and health care.

Gypsies in the United States are not a healthy group. They have a high incidence of heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. When they seek medical care, Gypsies often come into conflict with medical personnel who find their behavior confusing, demanding, and chaotic. For their part, Gypsies are often suspicious of non-Gypsy people and institutions, viewing them as a source of disease and uncleanliness. Gypsy ideas about health and illness are closely related to notions of good and bad fortune, purity and impurity, and inclusion and exclusion from the group. These basic concepts affect everyday life, including the way Gypsies deal with eating and washing, physicians and hospitals, the diagnosis of illness, shopping around for cures, and coping with birth and death.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1991

Revision stapes surgery.

With the decline in primary cases of otosclerosis surgery, revision stapes operations are becoming a higher percentage of otosclerosis practice. Are the results from revision stapes surgery today comparable with those of surgeons trained prior to the present decline? A retrospective review of 559 consecutive stapes operations performed by the author revealed 109 revision operations. A retrospective review of these cases reveals that the most common cause for revision surgery was displaced prostheses and incus necrosis. The hearing results are dependent on the surgical pathology. In this series, the airborne gap was closed to less than 10 dB in 58% of cases, there were 64% of cases of displaced prostheses, and 57% of cases of incus necrosis, which is comparable with previously reported studies.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1977

Technique for microdissection and measurement in biopsies of human small intestine.

A microdissection and measurement technique has been adapted for biopsy of human small intestine. Specimens fixed in alcohol and acetic acid are Schiff stained in bulk. Villi and crypts are then dissected out under a dissecting microscope, placed under a coverslip, examined, measured, and the number of mitoses in individual crypts counted. With this method specimens of normal small intestine have been found to have villi 500 microns to 1100 microns long and crypts 150 microns to 300 microns. These values were double those obtained when measuring sections of the same specimens stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The mean number of mitoses per crypt in normal duodenum and jejunum ranged from 1 to 12 and most of the cells in mitosis were in prophase or telophase. This rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive technique complements the available methods of measuring small intestinal architecture.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Mycoplasmas and ovine keratoconjunctivitis.

The clinical course of an outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis in housed lambs and their dams was followed. Signs were transient generally and became severe in only a small proportion of lambs. The outbreak became most obvious when the lambs were 46 to 55 days old, when 46.9 per cent were affected. Mycoplasma conjunctivae isolations, confirmed by comparison with the type strain by biochemical and serological reactions, increased to 62.1 per cent of all eyes swabbed, but no correlation could be demonstrated between presence of the organism and clinical status. The reasons for this are discussed. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was also recovered from the eyes of a small number of lambs. Instillation of a broth culture of M conjunctivae into the conjunctival sacs of four hoggs produced a transient keratoconjunctivitis similar to that observed in the field, but no effect was observed in animals inoculated intravenously. M conjunctivae may therefore be the aetiological agent of non-follicular infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis, although further work in gnotobiotic or specific pathogen free lambs is required to establish the fact beyond doubt.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The role of physical dependence in animal models of human alcoholism.

This paper critically examines the concept that physical dependence is a necessary attribute for animal models of human alcoholism. On the basis of a review of the literature, it is argued that, since the production of physical dependence requires the presence of continuous high blood-alcohol levels, and since the production of preference for alcohol requires intermittent presentation of alcohol, the two cannot, in principle, be established in the same organism at the same time. It is further argued that physical dependence does not play a role in the development of high alcohol intake in animals. The implications of these observations for human alcoholism are discussed.

Alcoholism↗