PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Szalay

Publications and source records attributed to A Szalay.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Endocrine status in elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms: correlation of age, hormonal status, and lower urinary tract function. The Prostate Study Group of the Austrian Society of Urology.

OBJECTIVES: To correlate endocrine parameters in elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) to patient age and clinical parameters such as prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and uroflowmetry and to compare the clinical and endocrinologic parameters in men with or without hypogonadism. METHODS: Men (40 years old or older) with untreated LUTS as defined by an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 7 or greater due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were included in this study and underwent the following investigations: IPSS, free uroflow study, postvoid residual volume, transrectal ultrasound for assessment of prostate volume, serum PSA determination, and an endocrine study, including testosterone, human luteinizing hormone, human follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, dehydroepiandrostendione-sulphate (DHEA-S), and prolactin. RESULTS: Three hundred twelve men (mean age 62.8 +/- 10.6 years, range 40 to 91) were analyzed. The serum levels of estradiol (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.19), human luteinizing hormone (r = 0.32), human follicle-stimulating hormone (r = 0.19), and DHEA-S (r = -0.39) correlated (P <0.05) with age; no such correlation was seen for testosterone (r = 0.04; P0.05) or prolactin (r = 0.09; P0.05). Estradiol (but not testosterone) correlated (r = 0.17, P = 0.01) with prostate volume. The peak flow rate and PSA did not correlate with any endocrinologic parameter. Hypogonadism (serum testosterone less than 3.0 ng/mL) was detected in 22.1% of patients and had no impact on clinical (IPSS, peak flow rate, prostate volume, and PSA level) or endocrine (human luteinizing hormone, human follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, prolactin, and DHEA-S) parameters. CONCLUSIONS: A number of age-related endocrine changes are seen in elderly men with LUTS. Hypogonadism is seen in approximately one fifth of elderly men with LUTS, but in our study it had no impact on symptom status, PSA level, prostate volume, uroflowmetry, or endocrine parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Abnormalities of gastric mucosal oxygenation in septic shock: partial responsiveness to dopexamine.

Splanchnic mucosal perfusion abnormalities have been implicated in the development of sepsis and multiorgan failure. We employed reflectance spectrophotometry for direct assessment of the microvascular hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbiO2) and hemoglobin concentration (rel Hb(conc)) in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Owing to the high recording frequency together with a small catchment volume, assessment of spatial heterogeneity is enabled. Results were as follows: In healthy controls (n = 7), mean HbiO2 was 70.3 +/- 2.1%, with narrow dispersion and near-Gaussian distribution of the histogram. In patients presenting with hyperdynamic septic shock (n = 15) mean HbiO2 was reduced to 51.0 +/- 1.6% in spite of high normal whole-body oxygen delivery, with tailing of the histogram to severely hypoxic values (18.4 % of data < 40%). In parallel, markedly reduced rel Hb(conc) values were recorded and the standardized intramucosal pH (pHi) was lowered to 7.25 +/- 0.01. Short-term infusion of dopexamine (2 microg/kg/min) caused a significant rise in HbiO2 and rel Hb(conc), whereas whole-body oxygen uptake and standardized pHi values were not altered. In conclusion, decreased oxygenation and tissue hemoglobin concentration, with the appearance of severely hypoxic microdomains, were noted in patients with hyperdynamic sepsis, strongly suggesting pronounced microcirculatory disturbances in this compartment. The partial responsiveness of these abnormalities to dopexamine warrants further elucidation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Advantage of buffered solutions or automated capnometry in air-filled balloons for use in gastric tonometry.

OBJECTIVE: To test accuracy, reproducibility and time constants of pCO2 measurement with the tonometric technique, using different media for filling the silastic balloon (saline, phosphate buffer, citrate buffer, air) and employing different analyzer devices (ABL3, ABL330, Nova Stat 5, automated capnometry). DESIGN: Comparative laboratory study of different tonometric techniques, measuring test solutions with known pCO2 values due to pre-equilibration with three different pCO2 concentrations. SETTING: Clinical laboratory of a university hospital intensive care unit. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The use of saline, as suggested for routine tonometry, led to negative bias values throughout, i.e. underestimation of pCO2 values, the extent of which depended on the blood gas analyzer device employed. Registration of the equilibration kinetics showed that full equilibration demanded 90 min regardless of the environmental pCO2 level. Replacing saline by buffered electrolyte solutions resulted in a significant improvement of bias, but did not change the kinetics of pCO2 equilibration. The employment of air-filled balloons, combined with automated capnometry, led to very low bias values, approaching zero, for all pCO2 levels, along with excellent precision. Time constants of equilibration were dramatically reduced, with full equilibration being achieved within 12.5 min. CONCLUSIONS: Buffered electrolyte solutions are preferable to saline for achieving reliable pCO2 measurements in gastric tonometry. Air-filled balloons, combined with automated capnometry, present excellent accuracy and reproducibility together with short equilibration times, thus offering "on-line" monitoring of even rapid changes in environmental pCO2.

Bias↗
PubMed1997

Granulomatous gastritis in Wegener's disease: differentiation from Crohn's disease supported by a positive test for antineutrophil antibodies.

BACKGROUND: This report concerns the gastric manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis in a 44 year old white female patient who initially presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and iridocyclitis. FINDINGS: The clinical findings and the histopathological proof of granulomatous gastritis in the absence of necrotising vasculitis were initially considered to be indicative of a diagnosis of Crohn's disease showing isolated gastric involvement. A five month course of steroids resulted in temporary relief; thereafter the patient developed severe rhinitis with mucosal ulcerations. At this point biopsy of nasal mucosa disclosed the classic histopathological signs of Wegener's granulomatosis. A positive test for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) with a cytoplasmic pattern (c-ANCA) and antigenic specificity for proteinase 3 (PR-3) were found. The patient is in complete remission one year after diagnosis and treatment with steroids and cyclophosphamide. CONCLUSIONS: Wegener's granulomatosis can also involve the gastrointestinal tract. Granulomatous inflammation of the stomach, although a rare finding and non-specific, should include Wegener's disease in the differential diagnosis. The histological proof of necrotising vasculitis is dependent on the depth of the biopsy and therefore can be easily missed. Differential diagnosis can be clarified by ANCA testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of a desiccation and ABA-responsive promoter isolated from the resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum.

The resurrection plant Craterostigma plantagineum can recover from severe desiccation within 24 h of contact with water, and it is used as a model system to analyse desiccation tolerance in higher plants. During drying or ABA treatment a specific set of transcripts accumulates rapidly in leaves and other tissues. In order to study transcriptional mechanisms of stress-induced gene expression one gene (CDeT27-45) was selected for promoter analysis. Chimeric gene fusions were constructed of the CDeT27-45 promoter and beta-glucuronidase or luciferase. These constructs were tested in a homologous transient expression system which allowed the identification of promoter elements conferring ABA inducibility. By introducing the chimeric gene fusions into tobacco via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation we found that the promoter activity is under strict tissue-specific and developmental control. In tobacco the promoter was only active in developing embryos and in mature pollen grains-two tissues which are naturally desiccation tolerant in tobacco. The specific temporal expression pattern was attributed to particular 5' upstream sequences. The promoter analysis presented here should allow the separation of important regulatory components as a first step in dissecting events in the signal transduction chain.

Abscisic Acid↗
PubMed1993

The MsK family of alfalfa protein kinase genes encodes homologues of shaggy/glycogen synthase kinase-3 and shows differential expression patterns in plant organs and development.

This paper reports on the isolation of a novel class of plant serine/threonine protein kinase genes, MsK-1, MsK-2 and MsK-3. They belong to the superfamily of cdc2-like genes, but show highest identity to the Drosophila shaggy and rat GSK-3 proteins (65-70%). All of these kinases share a highly conserved catalytic protein kinase domain. Different amino-terminal extensions distinguish the different proteins. The different plant kinases do not originate from differential processing of the same gene as is found for shaggy, but are encoded by different members of a gene family. Similarly to the shaggy kinases, the plant kinases show different organ-specific and stage-specific developmental expression patterns. Since the shaggy kinases play an important role in intercellular communication in Drosophila development, the MsK kinases are expected to perform a similar function in plants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

[Lung separations in children].

Problems in diagnosis and treatment of separation of the lung are shown on the basis of 12 cases. Primarily the atypical supply of the separation by an artery out of the general circulation may cause difficulties. A damaging of this artery may cause lethal bleeding especially when the aberrating vessel ascends from the abdominal region through the diaphragm into the thorax. Diagnosis always gives the indication to operation although sometimes only thoracotomy gives a definite diagnosis. Selective arteriography of the abnormal artery may be useful help. Separation of the lung should be taken into consideration if there is a suspect X-ray plan of the thorax. The surgeon then may expect technical difficulties and can avoid complications. The prognosis is excellent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Early diagnosis and early treatment of a patient with intralobular pulmonary sequestration].

A report is given on a case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration (I. L. S), which was hospitalized with the suspect diagnosis of a cavernous tuberculous infection. The 3 6/12-year-old boy was suffering of recurrent respiratory infections. These led finally to a thoracic X-ray control. X-rays showed a cystic malformation of the left lower lobe. This localisation drew our attention especially to I. L. S. after exclusion of various other diagnostic possibilities. For this reason a retrograde aortography was carried out and showed an abnormal blood supply of the cyst from the thoracic aorta. So this procedure established the diagnosis. Because of the high pulmonary and cardiac complication rate, a surgical treatment, as early as possible, is the therapy of choice. In our case the segmental resection was sufficient.

Aortography↗
PubMed1972

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid and ribosomal precursor ribonucleic acid in Anacystis nidulans.

The RNA of the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans contains three ribosomal RNA species with molecular weights of 0.56x10(6), 0.9x10(6), and 1.1x10(6) if the RNA is extracted in the absence of Mg(2+). The 0.9x10(6)mol.wt. rRNA is extremely slowly labelled in (32)P-incorporation experiments. This rRNA may be a cleavage product of the 1.1x10(6)mol.wt. rRNA from the ribosomes of cells in certain physiological states (e.g. light-deficiency during growth). The cleavage of the 1.1x10(6)mol.wt. rRNA during the extraction procedure can be prevented by the addition of 10mm-MgCl(2). (32)P-pulse-labelling studies demonstrate the rapid synthesis of two ribosomal precursor RNA species. One precursor RNA migrating slightly slower than the 1.1x10(6)mol.wt. rRNA appears much less stable than the other precursor RNA, which shows the electrophoretic behaviour of the 0.7x10(6)mol.wt. rRNA. Our observations support the close relationship between bacteria and blue-green algae also with respect to rRNA maturation. The conversion of the ribosomal precursor RNA species into 0.56x10(6)- and 1.1x10(6)-mol.wt. rRNA species requires Mg(2+) in the incubation medium.

Cyanobacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low-light image analysis of transgenic organisms using bacterial luciferase as a marker.

Methods for measurement of a novel light-emitting reporter gene system in bacteria, yeast, plant cells, plant tissues and intact plant organs are described. The principle underlying the assay procedures is the bacterial luciferase catalysed oxidation of reduced flavin mononucleotide (FMNH2) in the presence of the ten carbon aldehyde decanal, to yield FMN, decanoic acid, water and a photon of light at 490 nm which can be captured by X-ray film, a photomultiplier tube or, for in vivo measurements, an image-intensifier coupled to a video camera. This light measuring assay system is sensitive, easy to use, inexpensive, does not require radioactivity, and has been used successfully for rapid detection of bacterial transformants, the quantitative measurement of transient and stable gene expression in bacteria and yeast, and in vivo measurement of temporal and spatial gene expression throughout plant and animal development.

Animals↗