PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Tóth

Publications and source records attributed to A Tóth.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Availability of livers from cadaver donors in Hungary].

The availability of cadaver livers for transplantation have been studied based on data recorded prospectively by authors. Between January 1, 1995 and August 31, 1995, 98 cadaver kidney donors were accepted in Hungary. Using well established selection criteria 52 of them could have been suitable for liver donation. Steatosis or cirrhosis of the donor livers have been considered most frequent causes of unsuitability for transplantation. Based on these data 70-75 cadaver livers could be transplanted yearly in Hungary that's enough to start a transplant program. The treatment of acute hepatic failure with transplantation seems to be uncertain because of unequal time and blood group distribution of donors. There are just few available cadaver livers for children therefore transplantation of reduced sized liver is needed.

Blood Group Incompatibility↗
PubMed1996

[The effect of blood transfusion on the late results of the surgical treatment of rectal cancer].

UNLABELLED: Prospectively recorded data of 149 patients undergoing curative resection for rectal cancer between 1985-1992 were evaluated. Survival rate and tumor recurrence were studied in transfused and non-transfused groups of patients. There wasn't statistically significant difference found between the two groups concerning the 5 year survival rate (53 and 59%). Whole blood had more deleterious effect on survival than packed red cells (48 versus 61%), but the difference didn't reach the statistical significance level. The 5 year survival rate of patients without transfusion was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those received > 800 ml of blood (59 v.s. 33%). The tumor recurrence wasn't associated with transfusion. Neither the quality, nor the amount of blood seems to influence on the recurrence rate significantly. In the group of patients with > 800 ml of transfusion the lower preoperative hematocrit, the higher rate of abdominoperineal resection of the rectum and the longer duration of surgery than those of patients nontransfused reflect the unfavorable tumor stage and the difficulties in removing the tumor. Authors believe these circumstances necessitating the transfusion may be responsible for worse outcome of rectal cancer but the immunosuppressive effect of the blood can't be excluded. CONCLUSIONS: stricter indication than earlier is necessary for administration of blood transfusion to patients with rectal cancer to decrease the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections and to avoid the possible immunosuppressive effect of the blood. Packed red cells is preferable. Decreasing volume of perioperative homologous transfusion by improving surgical technique and clinical application of autologous transfusion should be considered.

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1996

[Water intoxication in pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by aspergillosis].

The authors found a serum sodium level of 113 mmol/l in a 70 year old confused male patient with cachexia and fever, which level rised to 125 mmol/l as a result of hypertonic sodium chloride and furosemide therapy, resulting in improving sensorium. At the same time the urine osmolality (235 mOsm/kg) was high compared to the serum osmolality (258 mOsm/kg). The physical and radiological examination showed bilateral pneumonia. The patient died in acute circulatory insufficiency. At the autopsy miliary pulmonary tuberculosis with superinfection by aspergillosis was proved. The authors discuss the possible mechanisms of water intoxication occurring with lung diseases and the difficulties regarding the diagnosis and therapy of aspergillosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Fluorescence in situ hybridization in prenatal diagnosis. First experiences].

The authors examined the potential use of non-radioactive in situ hybridization in prenatal screening. Probes for chromosomes 18, 13/21, 21 and X were applied on fourteen samples of peripheral lymphocytes and nine samples of chorionic villi. The aim of the study was to compare the analyzability of the two different DNA probes for chromosome 21 on six samples of chorionic villi. Six of the nine samples of chorionic villi were hybridized with probes specific for chromosome 21 and all six cases were diagnosed properly. However, we need more data to establish a screening protocol for routine prenatal cytogenetics.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13↗
PubMed1996

A proposal for introducing a modified vestibular index in neurotology. The classification of vestibular neuronitis.

The parameters for vestibular dysfunction were modified after our own studies. This index includes the degree of vertigo present, spontaneous nystagmus, dysfunction of the vestibulospinal reflexes and caloric and postrotatory side differences. The index is applicable for defining the extent of a lesion, follow-up, defining its stage and the results of therapy. Introduction of the modified vestibular index is proposed for use in clinical diagnosis. Classification of vestibular neuronitis into groups A, B and C is suggested on the basis of the reversibility of spontaneous nystagmus after caloric stimulation.

Caloric Tests↗
PubMed1996

The results of 1009 kidney transplantations performed in Hungary.

Kidney transplantation is a widely used method throughout the world for the treatment of end-stage renal disease. Following the pioneering work of Szeged Medical University Hospital and Miskolc District General Hospital, the first successful kidney transplantation in Hungary was performed at the Department of Transplantation and Surgery at Semmelweis Medical University on November 16, 1973. This patient is still alive with a functioning kidney graft after 21 years. We report herein our review of the global results of Hungarian kidney transplantation. Hungary is a medium-developed country with a population of over 10 million where the gross national product is about 4000 U.S. dollars per person per year. In Hungary there are 49 dialysis centers, 4 immunological laboratories, and 4 transplantation centers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in leukaemic children during high-dose methotrexate therapy.

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG-ase) activity is a very sensitive parameter of kidney proximal tubular damage. Using urinary NAG-ase activity/urinary creatinine as the NAG index, the serum methotrexate (MTX) level and urinary pH were investigated simultaneously. These parameters were measured in 17 leukaemic children. During MTX treatment, NAG indices were normal in 5 children and only slightly elevated occasionally in 9 patients. Among them, transiently high serum MTX levels (Patient A) or low urinary pH (Patient B) were accompanied by high NAG indices. MTX toxicity has been diagnosed in 3 cases, when permanently high NAG indices were in accordance with other clinical signs.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

[The role of local excision in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer].

UNLABELLED: Between 1984 and 1992 authors performed 307 surgical interventions for patients with rectal cancer, of these 199 operations were curative (65%). Local excision of the tumour was carried out in 9 cases: 2 with palliative intent, 7 were considered a curative treatment, that constituted 3.5% of all curative procedures. Five tumours were removed by transanal local excision, 2 located in the upper part of the rectum required laparotomy and rectotomy. No operative mortality. One wound sepsis was registered after laparotomy. There was one local recurrence after removing the primary tumour. At the same time 83 patients suffering abdominoperineal resection or anterior resection had tumour limited to the rectal wall without lymph node metastasis. The mortality was 1.4%, the morbidity 28% and local recurrence rate was 19% in this group. The difference between the the results of the two groups did not achieve statistical significance included the survival too. Of the 83 tumours removed by more radical operations 38 located between 1-8 cm from the anal verge. Excluding tumours poorly differentiated and those with diameter larger than 3 cm, 17 rectal cancer would have been suitable for transanal local excision, that constitutes 8.5% of the curative operations. CONCLUSION: with more accurate preoperative staging the transanal local excision for carcinoma of the rectum can be performed more frequently than earlier. The risk of the operation is lower than those of the abdominoperineal or anterior resection and the late results are comparable if strict selection criteria are implemented.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

A computer controlled system for multiple site microcirculatory measurements.

A system has been developed for intravital microscopy studies that records optical signals at different tissue sites together with X-Y coordinates within an area of up to 100 cm2. Z axis coordinates can also be recorded. The system utilizes a computer and a motor-driven microscope stage to rapidly and repetitively move between selected sites. The system can also be used to map topological features and geometry. The application of the system to study spatial heterogeneity of changes in tissue metabolism with time and to map vascular network architecture is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Expression of an adhesion molecule and homing in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: I. Application of the HEV-binding assay to a clinical series.

High endothelial venule (HEV)-binding of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 43 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) was investigated with a HEV-binding in vitro assay. Immunophenotyping of HEV-adherent PBMCs proved that most of them belonged to the B-cell proliferation. B-CLL cells stringently expressed CD44 molecules (Hermes-1, -3 and H90). The patients were subgrouped according to Binet's classification, as well as according to the organ manifestations, i.e. patients with B-cell monoclonal lymphocytosis of undetermined significance (B-MLUS) and patients with lymphocytosis (LY), lymph node enlargement (LN) and splenomegaly (SM). The HEV-binding activity of the cells was the highest in Binet stage A patients and in patients with B-MLUS (p < 0.05 in B-MLUS versus B-CLL LY, LN, SM). Based on these findings it is suggested that B-CLL patients show not only a clinical and immunophenotypical heterogeneity, but a diverse function of adhesion molecules.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Growth inhibition of intraocular proliferative explants under in vitro conditions by verapamil].

BACKGROUND: For the treatment of non neoplastic proliferations in the fundus, a nontoxic, proliferation-inhibiting long-term therapy would be desirable in addition to vitreoretinal surgery. In theory, the use of calcium channel blockers as a means of prevention appears promising. METHODS: In order to test the action of Verapamil in the above application, 42 preretinal, epiretinal and subretinal membranes were removed during pars plana vitrectomy between May, 1991 and June, 1992. Following crushing, these were cultured under cell culture conditions. RESULTS: Cell division outside the membranes was seen in 27 cases. In 13 cases the minimum cell count was approximately 1000 per primary culture. Subcultures were prepared from each of the latter, the cells having been divided into four portions. Two of the samples were diluted with Verapamil in a concentration of 0.25 microgram/ml. When cell fusion began, the number of intact cells in each sample was determined. Verapamil inhibited growth significantly (significance level of 0.93, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A larger number of cases would have to be studied to permit more comprehensive conclusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Results of prenatal cytogenetic screening at the Prenatal Genetic Center of the Postgraduate Medical University between 1980-1990].

Evaluation of prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis by Genetic Center of Postgraduate Medical University in 1980 and 1990. Between 1980 and 1990, 1039 amniocenteses (AC), 1263 chorionic villus samples (CVS), and 30 fetal blood sampling were performed for cytogenetic reasons. The rate of chromosome abnormalities were 5.5 per cent in the first trimester CVS, 5.2 per cent in the second trimester CVS, and 3.1 per cent in AC. The Down syndrome was the most frequent abnormality (46 fetuses) and the next was the Edwards syndrome (15 cases). It was established that though the case number is fourteen times more than the beginning of this decade, this was enough only for screening women 39 or over. During this period several new methods were introduced making possible the diagnosis from 9th week of pregnancy until term. Among these methods the CVS has not only become an alternative to the AC but now it is the most frequent procedure in our laboratory. Though most pregnants are still referred for prenatal cytogenetic investigation because of their advanced age, the authors search for other risk factors which would make possible screening in younger women, too.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1992

Tetraploidy in human placenta. A dilemma in molar and non-molar pregnancies.

17 cases of partial molar pregnancy were analysed cytogenetically by the direct-preparation method. Eight partial moles were triploid, 7 diploid/tetraploid mosaic, and 2 tetraploid. In the course of prenatal cytogenetic screening, out of 1,263 chorionic villus samplings, 2 tetraploid and 1 diploid/tetraploid cases were found. These cases of partial moles do not fit into the usual patterns of triploid partial moles. The findings presented here suggest that different causative factors may be involved in the origin of molar degenerations. These results also call to attention that tetraploidy is an existent and relatively common abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Transabdominal chorion aspiration in the second pregnancy trimester].

The authors report their experiences with 377 transabdominal chorionic villi samplings performed in the second trimester of pregnancy, between 1987-1989. They used the double needle technique with continuous ultrasound guidance. In every case they could get a sufficient amount of villi from one puncture, and there was no unsuccessful direct chromosome-preparation. The obstetrical complications of the procedure were measured by the analysis of the outcome of the first 300 pregnancies intended to continue: the abortion rate after the transabdominal chorionic villi sampling seems to be lower, than after amniocentesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Loderix (setastine) tablets in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

The effect of a 3-week treatment with Loderix is examined in an open study in 40 patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Side-effects, mainly sleepiness, fatigue, weakness, were observed in nearly half of the patients. These were, in general, mild and of a transient character. Treatment had to be stopped in 2 patients due to developed adverse effects. Safety parameters as blood picture, liver function tests, renal function parameters showed no alterations during the study course. During the treatment periods rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms disappeared or significantly decreased in 22 patients out of 40. Moderate effect was registered in 14 patients, and treatment was ineffective in 4 cases. In 6 patients the doses were doubled from the 2nd week of treatment causing an increase in effectivity without a change in side-effect profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Prenatal cytogenetic study of translocation carriers.

A total of 37 prenatal diagnoses were analysed: 10 observations in which one of the parents carried a Robertsonian translocation and 27 observations in which one a reciprocal translocation was carried by one of the parents. The segregations of the inherited chromosome structural rearrangements were analysed in relation to the methods of ascertainment of the anomaly in the family, and the types of rearrangement. The mode of ascertainment proved to be a very useful indicator of the risk: those cases ascertained through abnormal livebirths had a 44% risk in our series, but there was no unbalanced fetus in the group ascertained through recurrent abortions.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21↗
PubMed1990

[Fetal diagnosis of Edwards syndrome].

Eight cases of Edward's syndrome were found prenatally by cytogenetical analysis of 1680 pregnant women. It has been estimated that after Down's syndrome Edwards's syndrome is the most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality. This syndrome is associated with high rate of anomalies detectable by ultrasound (e.g. omphalocele, polyhydramnion, growth retardation). Here it is discussed in relation with sonographical findings related to Edwards's syndrome and representing clear indications for chromosomal analysis. The authors call attention to the importance of the diagnosis of Edward's syndrome at each gestational age.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗