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Biomedical subjects

A Tamse

Publications and source records attributed to A Tamse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Apical seal using the GPII method in straight canals compared with lateral condensation, with or without sealer.

The purpose of this study was to test the apical seal provided by a recently introduced low-fusing gutta-percha, GPII, compared with lateral condensation, with or without a sealer. For this study, 84 roots with straight circular canals separated from extracted teeth were prepared to K-file size 45. A standardized gutta-percha master cone was fitted to 80 of these roots. The roots were then randomly separated into four groups of 20 each and filled with GPII or laterally condensed gutta-percha, with or without AH26 sealer. The roots were immersed in India ink, subjected to vaccuum for 2 hours and kept in the marker for 4 days for the study of apical leakage. Four unfilled roots served as an experimental control. The teeth were demineralized, cleared in methyl salicylate and examined with a stereomicroscope. When no sealer was used, 12 roots filled with GPII leaked from 0 to 2.5 mm and in the lateral condensation group ink penetrated from 0 to 6 mm in 14 roots (difference not significant at the 0.05 level). None of the specimens in which sealer was used showed any penetration of ink beyond the end of the preparation of the canal regardless of the filling technique.

Bismuth↗
PubMed1991

Tooth length determination: a review.

Tooth length determination is a crucial step in endodontic treatment. Until the late 1970s, tooth length determination was based mainly on radiographic interpretation. The advent of apex locators, which identify the difference in the electrical resistance between the root canal and the periodontal membrane, ushered in a new era for measuring tooth length. However, the accuracy of these devices has been questioned. Pertinent literature is discussed with the aim of providing information on the development of the concept, techniques, and devices for tooth length determination.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1990

Densitometric measurement of radiopacity of Gutta-percha cones and root dentin.

National and international standards require that gutta-percha cones be sufficiently radiopaque to be distinguished from natural structures such as dentin and to permit evaluation of the density of the root canal filling. Discs, 1-mm thick, made from 15 commercial and experimental brands of gutta-percha cones, were tested for their compliance with the requirements. The radiopacity of 1-mm thick root dentin slabs was similarly measured with a photo-densitometer. All radiographs were made on D-speed occlusal film and replicated on E-speed film. The mean radiopacity of the gutta-percha discs on D-speed film was 7.26 mm of aluminum equivalent and 7.53 mm on E-speed film, greatly exceeding the minimal requirement of 3 mm. The difference in the values obtained with the two film types was not significant, suggesting that E-speed films may be used for the test. Dentin slabs were uniform in their radiopacity, equivalent to 1 mm of aluminum, confirming previous findings. In view of complaints of insufficient clinical performance, the present minimal requirement for radiopacity of gutta-percha cones seems too low.

Densitometry↗
PubMed1990

Endodontic retreatment--case selection and technique. 3. Retreatment techniques.

The necessity to remove filling materials from the root canals is one of the major differences between primary endodontic therapy and retreatment. The obturating material has to be removed from the root canals before routine endodontic therapy can be performed. The removal of the material should not result in a change in the canal morphology, so that the objectives of endodontic therapy can be maintained. Numerous techniques may be used for removing filling materials and other obstructions from root canals. This article reviews the techniques that were suggested in the literature for this purpose and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.

Foreign Bodies↗
PubMed1990

Statistical models for evaluating the penetrating ability of endodontic instruments.

An in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the penetrating ability of hand instruments (No. 10 K-file and "Pathfinder") and an automated device with a No. 08 (Canal Finder System) file in 270 extracted curved and narrow molar roots. The roots were randomly allocated to six groups, each one corresponding to a different permutation of the three instruments. The experiment was performed in three sequential stages, and Stages II and III were undertaken only in roots where no apical penetration was achieved in the previous stage(s). Statistical models were designed to fit the resulting clinical data. The No. 08 Canal Finder System and No. 10 K-file proved to be similar in their penetrating ability in Stage I (with estimated probabilities of 71.1% and 68.8%, respectively). The No. 08 Canal Finder was found to be the most efficient in Stage II and especially in Stage III, with a probability of penetration of 20.7%, compared with 9.8% for the "Pathfinder" and 7.4% for the No. 10 K-file.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between the apices of the lower molars and mandibular canal--a radiographic study.

The study was performed on forty-six randomly chosen dry mandibles. The molar areas of each mandible were radiographed by the paralleling technique, and an additional radiograph at -20 degrees angulation of the same area was taken. Measurements of the distance between the upper border of the mandibular canal and the root apices of the first and second molars were taken. The location of the mandibular canal in the buccolingual plane was determined. The obtained data were statistically evaluated. Statistically significant symmetry of the relationship of the mandibular canal to the root apices was established between the right and left sides of the same mandible. In the majority of cases the mandibular canal was buccal to the apices of the second molar, and in the first molar area the canal was lingual to the root apices in almost half of the cases. Most frequently, the upper border of the mandibular canal was located 3.5 to 5.4 mm below the root apices of both first and second molars. In no case was the mandibular canal found in close proximity, both in the vertical and in the buccolingual planes, to the first and second molar apices.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

New concept in chemoprophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis resulting from dental treatment.

Bacteremia following dental procedures may lead to bacterial endocarditis in susceptible patients. Traditional methods of chemoprophylaxis with a parenteral loading dose of penicillin followed by oral penicillin have proved impractical outside the hospital. In 1978, it was suggested in England that amoxicillin be substituted as the drug of choice in the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis. The recommended mode of treatment was a single oral dose of 3 g amoxicillin administered 1 hour before onset of the dental procedure. Amoxicillin is absorbed to a greater extent and more rapidly than penicillin V. It maintains its effectiveness throughout the critical postoperative period at concentrations well over the minimum necessary to combat Streptococcus viridans. Amoxicillin has two mechanisms of protection: bactericidal and inhibition of bacterial adherence to the thrombotic vegetation on injured heart valves. Data obtained from 206 susceptible patients undergoing dental treatment under chemoprophylaxis with amoxicillin showed that in no case did infective endocarditis occur. Only in 13.1% of the patients could very mild side effects of this drug be observed. With this new method, there is a higher incidence of patient compliance and administration is easier to supervise.

Adult↗