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Biomedical subjects

A Taneja

Publications and source records attributed to A Taneja.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Admission ECG predicts long-term outcome in acute coronary syndromes without ST elevation.

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) without ST elevation are a frequent cause of hospital admission, myocardial infarction and death. AIM: To explore the role of the ECG in stratifying ACS patients. DESIGN: Prospective, centrally-coordinated multicentre registry involving 56 centres throughout the UK. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted with ACS without ST elevation on the presenting ECG (n = 1046) were followed for 6 months. A subgroup (n = 653) were flagged with the UK Office for National Statistics and followed-up for death over 4 years. RESULTS: Mean follow-up for the group as a whole was 2.4 years. In the first 6 months, the death rate was 7.3%. Survival at 1 year was 90.8% (95%CI 88.2%-92.8%); at 45 months it was 77.8% (95%CI 74.1%-81.1%). We compared data in those with ST depression or bundle branch block on the admission ECG (n = 304, 29%) with those with T wave inversion, Q waves and minor ST segment changes (n = 576, 55%) and those with a normal ECG (n = 166, 16%). Their respective incidences of death were 15%, 5% and 2% (p < 0.01) at 6 months, and 38%, 22% and 7% (p < 0.01) at 4 years. DISCUSSION: Rates of adverse events are high in patients admitted to UK hospitals with ACS without ST elevation. The ECG remains a very important and simple discriminator of both short- and long-term risk, enabling more aggressive, proven therapies to be targeted towards those at highest risk.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Indoor/outdoor relationships of carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen in domestic homes with roadside, urban and rural locations in a central Indian region.

UNLABELLED: Indoor air quality (IAQ) has been a matter of public concern these days whereas air pollution is normally monitored outdoors as part of obligations under the National air quality strategies. Much little is known about levels of air pollution indoors. Simultaneous measurements of indoor and outdoor carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO2) concentrations were conducted at three different environments, i.e. rural, urban and roadside in Agra, India, using YES - 205 multigas monitor during the winter season, i.e. October 2002-February 2003. A statistical correlation analysis of indoor concentration levels with outdoor concentrations was carried out. CO was maximum at roadside locations with indoor concentrations 2072.5 +/- 372 p.p.b. and outdoor concentrations 1220 +/- 281 p.p.b. (R2 = 0.005). Oxides of nitrogen were found maximum at urban site; NO concentration was 385 +/- 211 and 637 +/- 269 p.p.b. for indoors and outdoors respectively (R2 = 0.90792), where as NO2 concentration was 255 +/- 146 p.p.b. for indoors and 460 +/- 225 p.p.b. for outdoors (R2 = 0939464). Although indoor concentration at all the houses of the three sites have a positive correlation with outdoor concentration, CO variation indoors was very less due to outdoor sources. An activity schedule of inside and outside these homes were also prepared to see its influence and concentrations of pollutants. As standards for indoor air were not available for the Indian conditions these were compared with the known standards of other countries, where as outdoor concentrations were compared with the standards given by the Central Pollution Control board, which shows that indoor concentrations of both NO(x) and CO lie below permissible limits but outdoor concentrations of NO(x) cross the standard limits. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: ''India currently bears the largest number of indoor air pollution (IAP) related health problems in world. An estimated 500,000 women & children die in India each year due to IAP-related cause--this is 25% of estimated IAP-related deaths worldwide. This study will be useful for policy makers, health related officials, academicians and Scientists who have interest in countries of developing world''.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2004

A clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of montelukast as monotherapy in patients with chronic stable bronchial asthma.

This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of montelukast, as monotherapy, in the treatment of chronic stable bronchial asthma in adults. This was a multicentre, open label, non-comparative, prospective, 4-week study. Eligible patients discontinued all anti-inflammatory medication (steroids, chromoglycate sodium) 2 weeks prior to starting therapy with montelukast (10 mg daily). The primary efficacy criteria were improvements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak exploratory flow rate (PEFR) after 4 weeks of therapy. Secondary efficacy criteria were improvement in the patients' symptoms (assessed on an ordinal scale), decrease in discomfort levels (scored on a scale of 0-100), change in peripheral eosinophil counts, decrease in total daily dose of inhaled beta2 agonist (salbutamol). A total of 148 patients, mean age (+/- SD) 40.21 +/- 13.70 years, were enrolled into the study. At the end of the study there were significant improvements in FEV1 and PEFR (29% and 28% increase respectively from baseline values, p<0.000001). The mean total daily dose of inhaled salbutamol decreased significantly from prestudy values of 461 +/- 332 microg/day to 161 +/- 207 microg/day (p<0.000001). The mean eosinophil counts fell from 5.80 +/- 4.90% (+/- SD) to 4.84 +/- 4.42% (+/- SD) (p=0.02). Symptom scores improved significantly as did subjective assessment of discomfort. A total of 29 (19.6%) adverse events were reported, all of which were of mild to moderate intensity. Monotherapy with montelukast significantly improved parameters of asthma control. It was well tolerated with no reports of serious or severe adverse events.

Acetates↗
PubMed2002

Treatment of vitiligo.

Vitiligo, particularly in darker skinned individuals, is a psychosocial disaster. With patient education, proper therapeutic selection and persistence, favorable repigmentation can be achieved in the majority of individuals with vitiligo. Attention to the activity state of the disease, the type, location and extent of the vitiligo must be carefully balanced against the patient's expectations, time commitment and assumption of risks. In this review, Dr Taneja succinctly summarizes the wide range of therapeutic options available today for the vitiligo patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of immunogenicity and tolerance of single dose haemophilus influenzae type B (PRP-T) vaccine.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of immunogenicity and acceptability of PRP-T vaccine among the Indian children. DESIGN: Multicentric, open, parallel group, comparative study of Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine, given as single (Group I) or associated (Group II) with DPT vaccine. SETTING: Five different vaccination clinics. SUBJECTS: 125 children between the age group of 18-24 months. PARAMETERS: Measurement of (i) pre and post vaccination antibody titres of Haemophilus influenze type B specific antibody; (ii) Adverse events; and (iii) Tolerance as graded by the physician. RESULTS: Prevaccination antibody levels were > 0.15 mcg/ml in 56.3% in Group I and 35.7% in Group II. Post-seroconversion was seen in 97% in Group II receiving single and all in Group II (P > 0.05). The vaccine was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: The probability of subclinical infection or cross immunity is high in India. ACTHIB vaccine has a good immunogenicity and tolerance and association with DPT does not modify the immunogenicity of ACTHIB vaccine.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

Fibronectin levels in Indian neonates in health & disease.

Cord blood samples were estimated for serum fibronectin (Fn) by immunoelectrophoresis (IE) and enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in 250 newborn healthy and sick infants classified into 6 categories: i.e., term appropriate for date (TAFD), preterm appropriate for date (PTAFD), term small for date (TSFD), preterm small for date (PTSFD), birth asphyxia (BA) and septicemia (SEP). TAFD infants were assayed for plasma Fn in addition. Comparison of Fn levels in the different groups by the Wilcoxan rank sum test indicated no significant difference between term and preterm infants, between PTAFD and PTSFD, TAFD and TSFD and in infants with and without birth asphyxia. Babies with septicemia had a significantly (P < 0.01) lower Fn level (29.97 +/- 29.03 mg/l) than those with no septicemia (42.77 +/- 30.20 mg/l). TAFD infants had Fn levels (serum 41.44 +/- 31.08 mg/l, plasma 85.20 +/- 33.38 mg/l) that are less than half the levels reported in the Western literature for newborn term infants. A possible cause could be the associated medical problems in mothers as 41 per cent of mothers of TAFD infants had conditions such as pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, rheumatic heart disease, infection etc.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Alloimmunisation to platelet transfusions in the Indian patients.

Twenty nine patients of acute and chronic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy and receiving blood transfusions (BT) and platelet transfusions (PT) from random donors (3-20 PT from 4-56 donors) were followed up for alloimmunisation using the platelet immunofluorescence test. Two women patients aged 65 and 28 yr reacted positive. Both patients had received multiple BT but no PT at the time of testing. Both were parous women. Our results point to the need to test for alloimmunisation prior to starting PT in parous women who have received multiple BT, although a study on larger number of patients is necessary for confirmation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Extraction & assay of fibronectin from stored plasma.

Fibronectin was extracted from 20 units of 3 days old plasma by the heparin cold precipitation technique using 15 or 30 units of sodium heparin per ml of plasma. Immunoelectrophoresis of the extracted fibronectin showed it to be 131.37 +/- 24.73 times concentrated over fibronectin levels in standard plasma, with a mean recovery of 73.99 +/- 18.40 per cent. Corresponding figures by ELISA were 118.95 +/- 27.99 (concentration) and 73.99 +/- 18.40 (per cent).

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1983

Clinical and bacteriological responses to three antibiotic regimens for acute exacerbations of cystic fibrosis: ticarcillin-tobramycin, azlocillin-tobramycin, and azlocillin-placebo.

In a randomized, double-blind study, cystic fibrosis patients 11-30 years of age with an acute exacerbation of their pulmonary disease were treated with either ticarcillin-tobramycin, azlocillin-tobramycin, or azlocillin-placebo for 10 days. There was significant improvement in Shwachman scores and pulmonary function tests. Concentrations of sputum bacteria were significantly reduced, but after therapy patients had a mean of 10(7) bacteria/ml of sputum. Pseudomonas was transiently eliminated in only one patient. The three regimens had similar impacts on pulmonary function and sputum bacterial concentration. Antibiotic resistance was noted more frequently in the azlocillin-placebo group, but this trend was not statistically significant. Improvement in pulmonary function did not correlate with bacteriological response. Four weeks after discharge, 62% of the improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second and 75% of the improvement in vital capacity remained, but concentrations of sputum bacteria had returned to pretreatment levels, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria persisted.

Acute Disease↗