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A Turrin

Publications and source records attributed to A Turrin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Sonographic anatomy of the supraspinatus tendon and adjacent structures.

OBJECTIVE: To depict the detailed sonographic pattern of the normal supraspinatus tendon and adjacent structures. Pathologic findings in these structures. Pathologic findings in these structures are well described, but knowledge of their sonographic anatomy is relatively limited. DESIGN: A new position for sonography of the shoulder was adopted that permits good stretching and a large field of view of the supraspinatus tendon. The right shoulders of 12 healthy adult volunteers and of a 10-year-old boy were imaged. Frozen-frame images of ten standard sections were obtained, anatomic details were sought, and a sonographic normal pattern was reconstructed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The study allowed sonographic description of new details, including the presence of two distinct tendons of the supraspinatus. Such a reference normal pattern may be helpful in clinical practice for separating the various components and recognizing artifacts or other possible causes of a misdiagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Echography of the shoulder with the patient supine in the diagnosis of rotator cuff rupture].

We report a new method for shoulder sonography (US): the patient lies supine and his/her arm is positioned so as to optimize tendon depiction. The supraspinatus tendon, which is the most frequently involved structure in rotator cuff tears, is studied with the patient's arm dropped, elbow extended and forearm prone. Our series consisted of 49 surgical patients (arthroscopy in 16 and open surgery in 33 patients): US sensitivity in tear depiction was 84.8%, specificity 100% and accuracy 89.8%. Medium-small tears appeared as transonic areas within tendon substance and/or tendon focal thinning. Large tears appeared as: (a) missed or markedly thinned rotator cuff, with deltoid muscle approximation to the humeral head surface, (b) plenty of fluid collected around bulky tear margins. The US images of 36 patients were then reviewed and the details discussed. A new sign was observed in medium-small tears, that is a sharp hyperechoic band encircling the humeral cartilage (the compass sign). In conclusion, we believe that US performed with the patient in supine recumbency is easier to perform and provides a bigger field of view of the supraspinatus tendon; it also permits to keep stretched rotator cuff, with consequent image quality improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Anti-melanoma monoclonal antibody 225-28S: evaluation of toxicity in man.

To investigate possible undesirable effects due to the intravenous administration of a reagent of a xenogenic nature (monoclonal antibody 225-28S) in man, a toxicologic study was carried out on 85 patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Two reagents were tested in this study: purified monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 225-28S and its F(ab')2 fragment. Purified MoAb was labelled with 131I and F(ab')2 fragment with 131I, or 123I, or 111In or 99Tc. The quantity of MoAb or F(ab')2 injected ranged from 14 to 750 micrograms, and the specific activity from 37.0 to 2116.4 MBq/mg. The total radioactivity injected varied from 25.9 to 891.7 MBq/mg. In addition to a careful clinical examination, the following tests were done to monitor possible adverse effects: blood glucose, azotemia, RBC, WBC, platelet count, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, plasma electrolyte levels, serum proteins, albumin/globulin ratio, serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, gamma GT, and CPK. These tests were done before the injection and on days 7 and 14. No patient experienced adverse general effects like fever, nausea, vomiting or allergic reactions. None of the aforementioned hematometric and biochemical tests showed significant variations compared with the initial values. It is concluded that a single injection of these reagents at the dosages tested is completely atoxic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Usefulness of gallium 67 in research into the need for radical cervical lymph node dissection in patients with head and neck carcinomas].

Fifty-nine patients with head and neck carcinoma were examined with 67Ga scintigraphy. All patients had undergone lymph node dissection of the neck. They were followed for a minimum of 2 years after the examination. The primary tumor, treated prior/contemporaneously to the lymph node dissection, did not evolve in this interval. Metastatic involvement of the lymph node capsule was observed in all 44 cases with metastatic lymph nodes; macroscopic radicality was surgically obtained since involvement of the capsule was only microscopic. Nevertheless, complementary radiotherapy was given. The whole of 17 recurrences in the soft tissues of the neck were found, within 2 years, in the group of 26 patients who had undergone dissection of lymph nodes with metastatic capsular involvement and whose postoperative 67Ga scintigraphy was positive. On the contrary, no recurrences in the soft tissues of the neck were observed in the group of 18 patients who had undergone dissection of lymph nodes with metastatic capsular involvement and whose scintigraphy was negative. This result proves (P less than 0.001) 67Ga capable of evidencing eventual microscopic diffusion. Such a possibility has not yet been realized in vivo with any other investigation technique. Scintigraphy was negative in a control group of 15 patients who had undergone lymph node dissection, and with nonmetastatic lymph nodes. This finding leads us to exclude that the use of 67Ga might result in misinterpreted findings in the exploration of relatively superficial tissues. In fact, the eventual accumulation of radioisotope in nonneoplastic pathologies is quite easily recognizable in the neck. We can therefore conclude that in those 9 cases with positive scintigraphy and in whom no recurrence was found, microscopic diffusion was probably present, but local recurrence of the disease was prevented by complementary radiotherapy.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Thyroid cancer induced by radiotherapy. Clinico-anatomopathological comparison with spontaneously occurring cancer].

Thirty-three patients with thyroid cancer following irradiation of head, neck and chest were compared to 389 patients, with the same kind of cancer, who had not undergone irradiation therapy. The two groups showed a different distribution of different isotypes. In group 1 (following irradiation) the papillary isotype was most common in a much greater number of cases than in group 2. Lymph nodes metastases had a higher incidence rate in group 1. There was no significant difference as far as the histologic sub-groups associated with thyroid cancer were concerned. The results of the study were not altered by any such factor as age, which does usually modify the distribution of the isotypes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Immunoscintigraphy of colorectal carcinoma with F (ab')2 fragments of anti-CEA monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (F023C5), belonging to IgG1 class, was obtained by cell fusion technique. Preliminary screening on different tissues was performed with immunoperoxidase staining, which showed good specificity of the antibody for gastric and colorectal carcinomas. F(ab')2 fragments were subsequently prepared and labeled with 131I and 111In. After immunoreactivity check the radiopharmaceuticals were injected intravenously. Sixteen patients with 22 primary or secondary localizations of colorectal carcinoma were studied following the recommendations of the ethical Committee of the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. Serial scans were performed after injection of the two radioactive reagents. In vivo pharmacokinetics of the compound was studied. Radioactivity level in surgical specimens was measured, and immunostaining was performed. All tumors were found to express the antigen. Eleven out of 12 tumor localizations of the gastrointestinal tract and three out of ten liver metastases were imaged. Specificity of tumor uptake was assessed by simultaneous injection of an irrelevant antibody.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Characteristics of thyroid cancer following irradiation.

Studies in humans and animals have suggested that the distribution of histologic types of radio-induced thyroid cancers is different from that of naturally occurring tumors. In an attempt to verify that finding, histologic results of 31 patients with thyroid cancer, who had received irradiation to the head, neck or upper chest for other causes, were compared with those of 389 non irradiated patients. The two groups were homogeneous for age and sex. There was a significantly higher prevalence of the papillary type in the irradiated group, with an higher incidence of metastatic lymph nodes. Other histopathologic findings, coexisting with the papillary carcinoma (i.e., ground glass subtype, size less than 1.5 cm, multicentricity) did not differ significantly in the two groups. Some theoretical considerations concerning radio-induced thyroid carcinoma are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Imaging with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies to a high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen in patients with melanoma: efficacy of whole immunoglobulin and its F(ab')2 fragments.

In vitro experiments selected optimal conditions to radiolabel with 131I the whole immunoglobulin and F(ab')2 fragments of the monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 225.28S to a high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA). Injection of the radiolabeled whole immunoglobulin and F(ab')2 fragments of the MoAb 225.28S into eight patients with melanoma resulted in the accumulation of radioactivity in 10 of 18 metastases. This localization is specific because of the close relationship between detection of HMW-MAA in lesions by immunohistochemical techniques and outcome of immunoscintigraphy and because of the different distribution in tumors and adjacent tissues of radiolabeled F(ab')2 fragments of MoAb 225.28S compared with 99mTc-pertechnetate and with radiolabeled F(ab')2 fragments of MoAb 4C4 to hepatitis B surface antigen. F(ab')2 fragments are superior to whole immunoglobulins to perform immunoscintigraphy, since they markedly reduce the background in bone marrow, liver, and spleen. The sensitivity of the procedure allows the detection of lesions with a diameter of at least 1.5 cm and is influenced by the level of the HMW-MAA in lesions and by their anatomical site.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A case of hyperthyroidism due to metastasis of a thyroid carcinoma.

A case of hyperthyroidism, which developed in a patient affected by thyroid carcinoma a few days after thyroidectomy, is described. The symptomatology was caused by a bone metastasis at the left ischiopubic branch, which had a high iodine-uptake capacity and was sensitive to metabolic radiotherapy. Pulmonary metastases were also present; they had a distinct low affinity for iodine and showed no response to repeated administrations of 131I. The case is evaluated on the basis of the evolution of the clinical picture and the hormone dosages administered in a follow-up period of 3 years.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Pitfalls of liver scan in Wilms' tumors.

Twenty-five patients suffering from nephroblastoma were investigated with a liver scan. The scan results were compared with surgical and pathological findings. This study suggests that different factors (i.e., primary tumor compression, local recurrence and effects of radiotherapy) may determine identical pathological patterns of the scan. Anamnestic information is very important for a correct diagnosis.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radioimmunodetection of melanoma: preliminary results of a prospective study.

A prospective study to evaluate the clinical usefulness of radioimmunodetection of melanoma in clinical practice is ongoing at the National Cancer Institute of Milan, Italy. Technical conditions for the application of the method were previously reported. In this trial, 99mTc-labelled F(ab')2 fragments of the 225.28S monoclonal antibody were used against a high molecular weight melanoma associated antigen (HMW-MAA). Retrospective studies on radioimmunodetection of melanoma have already been made by our group and by other Centers in about 300 patients. This study concerns the evaluation of the regional extension of primary melanoma. 23 patients with 32 suspected lymphatic involvements of melanoma on the trunk and arms underwent immunoscintigraphy. No false positive results were observed; 3 false negatives, one corresponding to a micrometastasis, were noticed. Specificity corresponds to 100% and sensitivity to 78.6%.

Adolescent↗