Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A V Bogdanov.
Dynamics of simultaneous discharges of pairs of cortical neurones was studied in three behavioural conditions. Parameters of the stimulation applied was shown to be encoded in trains of simultaneous unit discharges.
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In acute experiments on cats the activity of the motor cortex neurons was recorded. The dynamics of interneuronal connections at passive bending and electrostimulation of the limb contralateral to the place of recording was studied by methods of cross-correlation analysis of impulse trains. At passive bending a considerable decrease of the number of common inputs between neighbouring neurons (within 50-100 microns) and an increase in their number between remote (from 100 till 400 microns) cortical neurons. During electro-stimulation a certain increase in the number of direct inhibitory interactions between the neighbouring neurons was observed.
Experience in the treatment of external gastrointestinal fistulas in 1970-1988 consisted of 127 patients with 158 fistulas; 11 patients had a gastric fistula; 14, a duodenal fistula, 42, a fistula of the small intestine; 38, a fistula of the large intestine, and 22 patients had mixed fistulas. Operation for acute appendicitis was the main cause of fistula formation (20.3%). In undeveloped fistulas with considerable and uncontrolled loss of the intestinal contents, treatment consisted in early operation for vital indications for disconnection of the fistula, with preference given to complete bilateral disconnection. In developed fistulas most operations for their closure were carried out through an intraabdominal approach. Total mortality was 25.2%; in most of the fatal cases (90.6%) the fistulas were undeveloped.
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Patients with gangrene of the lung should be treated at a specialized thoracic department. Nonoperative treatment is justified only as preoperative management applied for no more than 2 weeks. Pneumonectomy is the operation of choice in gangrene of the lung. Pneumotomy may be conducted in patients who are in a very grave condition with respiratory and hemodynamic disorders.
Neuronal interconnections in the motor cortex of alert and anesthetized cats were studied using the techniques of multiunit activity recording and cross-correlative histograms. The number of neuronal interconnections did not decrease in cortical microareas during the deepening of anesthesia, but their reconstruction and levelling of inputs and outputs of all microareas' cells occurred. During the reconstruction of interrelationships among functional microareas an activation occurred in the neurons which had been rather inert in the cortex of alert cats. The data obtained suggest differential participation of the cat motor cortex' neurons in information processing at the level of microareas.
In chronic experiments on cats, the multiunit activity was studied under action of small doses of nembutal (15 mg/kg) in the motor cortex. A different sensitivity to nembutal was revealed in the cells. Simultaneous recording of the multiunit activity in two microareas (within 270 mu) revealed that the change of mean firing rate recorded with different electrodes was reciprocal in a number of cases. Bursts of discharges were synchronous in a certain anesthesia stage in neighbouring microareas but the distribution was different. Thus, the use of light nembutal narcosis allowed to differentiate specific changes of the multiunit activity from the changes elicited by general synchronizing effects.
The method of autodermal plasty was used in 299 patients with postoperative ventral hernias. Among them great and giant hernias made up 62,8%. The autodermal method of plasty results in less amount of complications in the wound which can be explained by an increased concentrations of humoral non-specific defense factors in the operation field due to the effect of the skin flap. Remote results were followed in 84% of the patients during 2-6 years. Recurrences were detected in 3,2%.
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Multiunit activity was recorded in the auditory and motor cortex of cats with implanted electrodes, impulses with highest and lowest amplitudes being isolated by means of an amplitude discriminator. Crossinterval histograms were obtained for two simultaneous records. Functional relationships between neurons under different electrodes were evaluated by statistical interdependence of isolated trains. In the auditory cortex, neurons with high amplitude spikes mainly produced connections of excitatory type whereas neurons with low amplitude spikes produced connections of inhibitory type. In the motor cortex neurons producing heterogenous effect were predominant.
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