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Biomedical subjects

A V Kozlova

Publications and source records attributed to A V Kozlova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Training of physicians-phthisiologists in the Urals Federal Region].

The paper analyzes problems associated with the training and retraining of staff for phthisiological service and general practitioners, such as therapists and pediatricians, in the timely diagnosis of tuberculosis. The authors share their experience in organizing the training of physicians in antituberculosis aspects. Interaction of departments of tuberculosis and a regional research institute of phthisiopulmonology and the use of current educational technologies are required to enhance the efficiency of this work.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed2000

[Headcase gene--proliferation or hormonal control?].

A new insertion allele of the hdc gene was isolated and described. The nucleotide sequence of the coding region had no detectable homology with genomic DNA of any other Drosophila species, except for D. mauritiana. Gene expression was found both in adult testes and ovaries and at embryonic and larval stages. This expression pattern exhibits a strong similarity to that of cell-cycle genes. In contrast to cycE (a typical cell-cycle gene), which leads to expression termination after in vivo culturing of the wing disk, hdc did not arrest expression. It is concluded that hdc is a species-specific differentiation gene, whose regulatory activity in the development of an organism differs from that of proliferation genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Contingents of young children at a specialized hospital].

The case histories of 80 children aged 0-3 years with varying primary tuberculosis who were treated at the Pediatric Specialized Unit in 1990-1995 are analyzed Specific intrathoracic lymph nodal lesions (33.75%) were more common in the pattern of clinical tuberculosis, the primary tuberculosis complex being 2 times less. A third of children had a complicated course of local types of tuberculosis. In ill infants, the causes of primary tuberculosis were no BCG vaccination, familial tuberculosis contact, and infrequent use of specific chemotherapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical and X-ray characteristics of tuberculosis in adults and children and reasons for its late detection].

The authors' findings suggest that the clinical pattern of tuberculosis morbidity in adults and children has recently become worse. Severe caseous pneumonia with its acute onset and malignant course by the type of galloping consumption with massive bacterial isolation and deaths in 42.8% of cases was analyzed. The complicated course mainly of the primary tuberculosis complex (40.8%) and tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes was seen in 25% of ill children. Tuberculous meningitis was diagnosed in 20% of cases in the morbidity pattern of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The reasons for late detection of disease are the poor organization of prophylactic fluorographic examinations of the adult population, tuberculin diagnosis, vaccination, revaccination of BCG and chemoprophylaxis in children at risk. The authors note unawareness of tuberculosis among the adult population, which was found through questionnaires.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The diagnostic value of serological studies in the clinical picture of tuberculosis].

Circulating antituberculous antibodies in the sera from 89 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 11 patients with tumors and nonspecific inflammation in the lungs were evaluated using indirect hemagglutination and enzyme immunoassay. Specific antibodies were detected in 81.6 and 30% of tuberculous and nontuberculous patients, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Quantitative PCR as a method for monitoring retroviral infection on the gene level.

For monitoring retroviral infection on the gene level, we propose the use of quantitative PCR with two internal standards: one for a fragment of the viral genome and the other for the host cell marker gene. The standards (one for HIV and the other for a human DNA marker gene HLA-DQ alpha) were constructed by PCR-mediated joining of DNA fragments and were found to be effective in quantitative PCR despite rather different structures of amplified fragments in target and standard DNAs. The number of HIV DNA copies was found to be 2-500 per 1000 lymphocytes in blood from HIV-infected patients and up to 5000+ per 1000 cells in chronically infected cell lines. The degree of infection thus measured was found to change over the course of treatment.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Contingents of IIIA groups in the dispensary follow-up of children].

51 case histories of children with new-onset inactive specific lesions in thoracic lymph nodes and the lungs in the form of calcinates have been analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that late diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is related to difficulties in diagnosis of minor thoracic tuberculosis in infiltration phase, insufficient diagnostic efficacy of mass tuberculin examinations for early primary tuberculous infection, defects in preventive measures (BCG vaccination, chemoprophylaxis in risk groups).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Tuberculosis morbidity in high-risk groups of children].

A follow-up of 2052 children has shown that the level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis contamination among the subjects frequently getting ill with ARVD is 1.5-2 times higher than among healthy ones. This parameter was 1.5-2 times higher among pyelonephritis patients than among healthy subjects. Hyperergic tuberculin reactions more often developed in children being in tuberculosis infection foci, including 58.3% from the bacillary environment. A close association of tuberculin hypersensitivity and the action of aggravating factors is often accompanied by immunity derangement. According to our data, even sufficiently adequate BCG vaccination fails to prevent local tuberculosis which develops in 1.9%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Biological effect of brown coal dust in experimental studies].

For 4 months laboratory white rats were administered inhalations of polydisperse dusts of the brown coal from the Nazarovsky and Beregovsky coal deposits. Revealed were mainly identical, early marked reactions of the bronchi and lung system, which, judging from the quantitative indices, could be regarded as ++pre-fibrosis, as well as some signs of irritation on the cell elements, bronchi and lung vessels. The portion of lipids and general oxyproline in the dry lung substance in the sample group amounted to 16.3-17.2%, and 9.2% in the control group. The results in combination with the immune indices changes (complement, lysozyme, lymphocyte populations), histamine in the blood and non-specific shifts in the adrenal gland state and in the heart, proved the unfavourable action of ducts with low ash content and a minimal (no less than 1.3%) content of free silica dioxide. The reasons underlying brown coal's action in question are also thoroughly discussed.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in children and adolescents].

Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in children and adolescents living in the Tumen region during 1984-1989 are analysed. Out of 432 of the patients, local forms of tuberculous infection were detected in 79.4% and pneumonia in 4.4% of the cases, while all the rest children proved to be just infected. The most prevailing among the pulmonary forms of the disease was intrathoracic lymphatic tuberculosis (52.3%) and among the non-pulmonary ones--tuberculous meningitis (3.5%). A complicated course of a tuberculous process was registered in 37.3% of the cases, especially in 2/3 of the patients with intrathoracic lymphatic tuberculosis (mainly of a bronchial type) as a consequence, in a number of cases, of the absence of BCG vaccination and the presence of tuberculous contact. Bronchoscopy undertaken in 244 children and adolescents made it possible to discover active changes in the bronchial mucosa in the first 1-2 months of therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The epidemiological situation with tuberculosis among an urban population of children and adolescents].

An epidemiological situation with respect to tuberculosis in 141,200 children and adolescents was studied. 284 children and 52 adolescents were observed in the foci of tuberculous infection. There was an improvement in the epidemiological situation with respect to urban children and adolescents from healthy environment. The epidemiological situation in the foci of tuberculosis remained unfavourable, which was confirmed by the infection risk rate exceeding 7 times that in the healthy areas. Antituberculous prophylaxis in the tuberculosis foci prevented the contact infection within the last 3 years.

Adolescent↗