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Biomedical subjects

A V Mikhaĭlov

Publications and source records attributed to A V Mikhaĭlov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Course of chronic hepatitis B and C and constitutional characteristics of the patients].

The relationship between hepatitis course and constitution assessed by the signs of 3 major diatheses (dyscrasic--DD. arthritic--AD and psoriatic--PD) was studied in 41 patients with HBV infection (low active-25 patients, moderate activity-6 patients, cirrhosis-10 patients) and 62 patients with NCV infection (low active-23, moderate-13, cirrhosis-26). In both infections domination of DD over AD and PD was associated with more severe course of the disease while Ad domination over DD and PD indicated a mild course. It is suggested that constitutional characteristics should be taken in consideration when assessing the course and prognosis of HBV- and HCV-infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The striatonigral-thalamic mechanisms in the organization of behavior].

Experiments in dogs with striatal deficiency revealed an important role of dopaminergic mechanisms in establishment of the situation conditioning. A rearrangement of the background unit activity of the caudate and thalamic nuclei preceding presentation of a conditioned stimulus and correlating with correct accomplishment of a motor task, was revealed in cats. Afferents from intralaminar and ventral nuclei of the thalamus were shown. Participation of striatal, nigral and thalamic levels in systemic organisation of motor conditioning is discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1994

[The characteristics of the influences of the centromedian thalamus on the neuronal activity of the caudate nucleus].

Rearrangements of the unit activity in the thalamic intralaminar nucleus were found to be followed by reciprocal changes of activity of some neostriatal units. During avoidance conditioning, the activation of the centre median neurons is accompanied by the same firing pattern as in spontaneous activity. The features of organisation of the caudate nucleus seem to be basic.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1991

[Complex biochemical and molecular approach to prenatal diagnosis of mucoviscidosis].

Prenatal diagnosis of 62 cases of cystic fibrosis was performed in high-risk families at 18-21 gestational weeks using biochemical and molecular tests. The diagnosis was ruled out in 42 and confirmed in 20 cases. The incidence of false-positive results was 8.3% (5 of 62) and that of false-negative results 3.7% (2 of 62). Reliability of prenatal diagnosis in concomitant use of biochemical and molecular tests was over 95%. Advantages of prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis using DNA probes and requirements for its wider adoption in the first trimester are discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[Development and analysis of mathematical models of the relationship "water pollution--health of the population"].

Hygienic aspects of building and analysis of mathematical models of the relationship water chemical stress--health of the population are presented in the article. The developed methodological approaches are approved at the example of two water objects--sources of centralized water supply of a big industrial city in the West Urals. The proposed methods of mathematical modelling make it possible to significantly broaden and deepen hygienic analysis and tasks for the development of further studies in the field of investigation of health effects of actual body burden of pollutants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Use of molecular and genetic approaches in prenatal diagnosis and prevention of hemophilia A and Duchenne muscular dystrophy].

Allele polymorphism has been evaluated using blot hybridization and a polymerase cascade of DNA synthesis in 40 families at high risk of hemophilia A (a total of 147 subjects) and in 15 families with Duchenne's myodystrophy, Heterozygous carriage of hemophilia A was identified or confirmed in 18 and ruled out in 4 close female relatives of probands. Prenatal tests for fetal hemophilia A were performed in 5 women from families with hemophilia A (in the 1st trimester in 2 and in the 2nd trimester in 3). Four diagnoses of hemophilia A were confirmed and 1 was ruled out. The DNA methods proved revealing in 34 of 40 families with hemophilia A and in 11 of 15 families with Duchenne's myodystrophy. Three of 9 probands were found to have a deletion of the proximal gene for Duchenne's myodystrophy in the DNA probe area of XY 1.1. Prospects of screening for heterozygous carriage and prenatal identification of hemophilia A and Duchenne's myodystrophy are discussed.

Chorionic Villi Sampling↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the renin-aldosterone system of the fetoplacental complex in fetal erythroblastosis].

Renin activity and aldosterone concentrations have been determined in amniocentesis samples and fetal plasma obtained by intrauterine umbilical vein puncture in 23 women at 25 to 34 weeks' gestation, normal or complicated by hemolytic disease of the fetus. Prior to the intrauterine interventions, Doppler studies of umbilical arterial circulation were done and 1-hour fetal diuresis was measured. Fetal plasma pH and fetoplacental flood volume were determined. Hemolytic disease was shown to increase renin activity and aldosterone concentration in the amniotic fluid and fetal plasma in parallel with reduction in the fetoplacental blood flow and 1-hour fetal diuresis, increase in vascular resistance of fetal placenta and hypoxia. The increase in renin-aldosterone activity of the fetoplacental unit may be a compensatory fetal and chorionic response to hemodynamic and water-mineral balance in the presence of impaired uteroplacental circulation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

[Intrauterine blood transfusion as a method of treatment of the edematous form of hemolytic disease of newborn].

Results are reported with intrauterine donor blood transfusions in 7 fetuses with hydropic hemolytic disease. Eight intraabdominal and 8 intravascular sonographically guided fetal transfusions were given at 25-30 weeks' gestation with fetal heart rate monitoring. The criteria for efficacy were disappearance of ascites, reduction in fetal hepatic and splenic sizes, thinning of the placenta. Three fetuses died in utero from symptomatic hydropic hemolytic disease despite the therapy. Four other fetuses were delivered at 30-34 gestational weeks by cesarean section and showed no abdominal ascites. One of the fetuses died from birth trauma on the second postnatal day while the other three were discharged in a satisfactory condition.

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine↗
PubMed1990

[Fetal liver volume: a method of its measurement by ultrasonics and its changes in the second half of uncomplicated pregnancy].

A method has been developed for estimation of the fetal liver volume by ultrasound measurement of its every lobe. A proportionality coefficient of ultrasound sizes and volumes of the lobes were obtained by studies in 23 in utero fetal deaths. Findings on the liver volumes in 218 normal fetuses with gestational ages of 20 to 40 weeks were compiled as percentile curves. The right lobe of the fetal liver was found to have a greater size than the left one while the dead fetuses showed an inverse ratio.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Paraspecific changes in the kidney in experimental tuberculosis of extrapulmonary localization].

The renal specimens from experimental animals infected and exposed to antigenic materials (killed mycobacteria) by various routes with and without specific sensitization were examined histologically and morphometrically. Under all the experimental conditions, there were impairments associated with immune inflammation in the renal tissue: increased capillary permeability, interstitial lymphohistocytic infiltration and sclerosis and secondary lesions in the renal tubules. The renal dysfunction observed in patients with tuberculosis of various localization can be associated with such affections.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical and social aspects of vocational rehabilitation of patients after heart valve prosthesis].

Clinical and social factors that determined the effect of occupational rehabilitation were analyzed in 71 patients after prosthetic valve implantation. In addition to objective factors, resuming work depended on a number of subjective ones as well, as the number of working individuals was virtually similar among the preoperative and follow-up patients, while the number of invalids increased, in spite of the fact that functional condition had improved by 1 or 2 functional classes, according to NYHA, in 52.8% of postoperative patients. There were no significant differences in physical working capacity, as evidenced by bicycle ergometry, between working postoperative patients and those who failed to resume working.

Adult↗