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Biomedical subjects

A V Nikitin

Publications and source records attributed to A V Nikitin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Pulmonary arterial thromboembolism and thrombophilias: optimization of diagnostics and treatment].

The subjects of the study were 94 patients with pulmonary arterial thromboembolism (PATE). The prevalence of thrombophilic conditions (TC) among these patients was studied, and their role in the development of an unfavorable clinical course of PATE was evaluated. A three-year prospective study revealed that pre-thrombotic conditions had been diagnosed in 90% of PATE patients. There is a strong correlation between an unfavorable course of PATE and the presence of isolated or combined genetic mutations, or a combination of those with an increase of factor VIII level, and a high titer of cardiolipin antibodies with a mutation in factor V gene. Occurrence of PATE in patients less than 40 years of age who suffer from an idiopathic type of venous thrombosis and have a family background of thrombophilic conditions, which requires a detailed hematological examination, is a predictor of unfavorable course of PATE in the post-hospital period. Purposeful pharmaceutical correction of thrombophilic conditions lowers the frequency of venous thrombosis recurrence from 39% to 17%, the frequency of cava-filter thrombosis recurrence from 24% to 3.7%, and the frequency of PATE recurrence from 15% to 5.6%.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2006

[Evaluation of the effectivenes of treatment of patients with renal arterial hypertension with carvedilol].

The aim of the study was to compare the hypotensive effect and safety of carvedilol, a non-selective alpha-beta blocker, and monopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi), in patients with arterial hypertension and a chronic renal disease. The main group (MG), 26 patients, was treated with carvedilol, which was administered as a hypotensive agent instead of the ACEi. The control group (CG) included 24 patients on a "standard" therapy with hypothiazide 12.5 mg a day, amlodipine 10 mg a day, and monopril 20 mg a day. Patients who received carvedilol displayed an earlier hypotensive effect (HE). Together with HE realization, the patients of both groups displayed a moderate increase in glomerular filtration (not more than by 10 ml/min), and an increase in creatinine blood level (not more than by 15%) during the first two weeks, which can be explained by a decrease in intraglomerular hypertension. A significant decrease in total cholesterol level and a more pronounced regress of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy were noticed in the MG vs. the CG. Measurement of the serum levels of cortisol, aldosterone, and angiotensin I showed that the patients of the MG displayed a significant decrease in aldosterone level together with a clear tendency of cortisol level increase. The concentrations of these hormones in CG patients did not change significantly. The result demonstrate that prolonged administration of carvedilol leads to a noticeable decrease in the serum level of aldosterone, an increase in cortisol level, and electrolyte changes, such as an increase in sodium level and a decrease in potassium level in blood plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Clinical efficacy of target low-intensity laser radiation on the adrenal projection region in patients with bronchial asthma].

AIM: To study efficacy of infrared laser radiation on the adrenal projection region in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The adrenal region of BA patients was exposed to infrared laser radiation. The effect was stated after blood count, examination of the urine and sputum, blood biochemical tests, blood hydrocortisone assay. RESULTS: Positive clinical response to laser therapy manifested with improvement of clinical, device and spirometric indices in BA patients. Blood levels of hydrocortisone normalized. CONCLUSION: Infrared laser radiation of adrenal projection region reduced the number of asphyxia attacks, improved bronchial drainage, shortened the disease duration. The method is well tolerated, safe, easy to make and suggested for use in combined treatment of BA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[The role of non-invasive diagnostics of pulmonary embolism in the optimization of treatment].

177 patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) were examined to study the information value of transthoracal echoCG in early diagnostics of the disease, the possibility of noninvasive evaluation of its severity, and possibility of determining indications for thrombolytic therapy (TLT) on basis of such evaluation. The results show that the sensitivity of such a sign as elevation of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) by 30 mmHg, is 95%, provided that the patient does not have severe or moderate concomitant diseases cousing PAP elevation (postinfarction cardiosclerosis, chronic obstructive lung disease, valvular diseases etc.). The specificity of this sign, vs the control group, was 5%. Thus, elevation of PAP in patients with clinical manifestations of PE and without concomitant pathology, is a highly informative symptom of acute PE. The sensitivity of the parameter of right ventricular (RV) dilatation was 85%, of paradoxial ventricular septum motion--54%. In patients with PE of various degree of severity and concomitant diseases, high sensitivity of the above-listed sonographic signs of RVoverload goes together with their low specificity, which is not higher than 25%. This does not allow evaluating the degree of embolism and determining indications for TLT in these patients on basis of echoCG data. The authors of the article have developed an algorithm of diagnostic and therapeutic measures in patients with suspected PE.

Echocardiography, Doppler↗
PubMed2004

[Efficacy of noninvasive hemolaserotherapy in patients with bronchial asthma and concomitant rhinosinusitis].

AIM: To study efficacy of low-intensive infrared laser radiation impact on the tympanic membrane in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and concomitant rhinosinusitis (RS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 78 patients with moderate BA of a mixed type and concomitant chronic RS were divided into 3 groups: group 1 patients received medication plus infrared laser radiation of the tympanic membrane and paranasal sinuses; group 2 patients were exposed to supravenous laser radiation (0.63 mcm); group 3 received pharmacotherapy alone. The effect of the treatment was assessed by spirometry, peakflowmetry and paranasal sinuses findings. RESULTS: The highest response was achieved in group 1 which manifested with positive changes in clinical, device and spirometric data on BA and x-ray data on RS courses. The least effective treatment was observed in group 3. CONCLUSION: Use of infrared laser radiation of the tympanic membrane and paranasal sinuses projection in the treatment of BA patients with RS is effective, nontoxic and easy to use both in hospitals and outpatient departments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical effectiveness of superoxide inhalations and their effects on crystalline structure and antiradical defense of blood serum and expired air condensate in patients with bronchial asthma].

AIM: To raise efficiency of combined treatment of bronchial asthma (BA) by application of intranasal inhalations of gaseous superoxide (GSO) basing on clinicolaboratory, functional and biochemical indices. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study entered 20 healthy subjects and 57 BA patients. All of the patients received conventional treatment, but 30 of them additionally inhaled GSO. The effect of inhalations was assessed by parameters of LPO products, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antiradical defense (ARD) in the blood and expired air condensate (EAC), morphometry of EAC crystalline structures. RESULTS: GSO intranasal inhalations improve treatment of BA as it produces positive effect on endogenic oxidative stress, LPO, enzymatic and nonenzymatic ARD, blood and EAC tesigraphy. CONCLUSION: Antiinflammatory effect of GSO in BA is suggested.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1997

[The efficacy of membrane-stabilizing therapy in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

A membrane stabilizing effect of endobronchial laser therapy and antioxidative drugs piracetam and solcoseril was studied in 83 patients with chronic bronchitis. Malonic dialdehyde was measured to evaluate effects of this treatment on cellular and humoral immunity, blood coagulation and lipid peroxidation. It was found that the addition of membrane stabilizers to standard therapy of chronic bronchitis lowered malonic dialdehyde concentrations while the addition of the stabilizers and endobronchial laser therapy relieved clinical symptoms earlier, improved parameters of immunity, hemostasis and lipid peroxidation.

Actihaemyl↗
PubMed1996

[Effect of lomefloxacin on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adhesion of leukocytes].

The in vitro effect of lomefloxacin within the wide dose ranges from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of guinea pigs was studied under two different conditions: during the cell incubation in the presence of various concentrations of the drug and after the cell washing to remove lomefloxacin. In concentrations of 10 and 100 micrograms/ml the drug inhibited the response under the both conditions while in a concentration of 1 microgram/ml it stimulated the chemiluminescence. In concentrations of 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml lomefloxacin stimulated the leukocyte adherence. The highest stimulation was observed with the use of the drug in a concentration of 1 microgram/ml.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Effect of lomefloxacin on the synthesis of antibodies to vaccine EV fraction I and hemagglutinins].

Multifactor analysis of the lomefloxacin effect on the primary immune response to T-independent bacterial antigen (vaccine EV fraction 1) and to T-dependent cellular antigen (SRBC) in mice was performed with the use of a wide range of the antibiotic concentrations and the dosage time. It was shown that lomefloxacin in the doses corresponding to the average therapeutic ones used for 3-9 days had no effect on the content of the IgG antibodies, was able to increase the level of the IgM antibodies and insignificantly lowered the concentration of the IgA antibodies.

Animals↗