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Biomedical subjects

A V Pavlovskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to A V Pavlovskiĭ.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Radiopaque oil chemical arterial embolization in treatment of pancreatic cancer].

The article is dedicated to a new method of treatment of pancreatic cancer, developed by researchers of St. Petersburg Research Institute of Roentgenology and Radiotherapy. The method consists in slowing down blood flow in the tumor by means of selective embolization of its arteries using a mixture of the chemiotherapeutic agent gemcitabine (Gemzar) in the oily radio-paque medium Lipodol Ultrafluid. Upon entering microcirculatory vessels, the agent diffuses into pancreatic tissue. This tumor chemoinfiltration provides prolonged contact between tumor tissue and the chemoembolization agent, thus allowing strong antitumor effect without high systemic toxicity. Experimental studies on 12 dogs have proved that oil arterial chemoembolization with lipiodol does not cause morphological changes in the pancreas, and is only manifested by short and reversible hyperenzymemia.

Angiography↗
PubMed2003

[Percutaneous needle biopsy in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer].

The data on two procedures of ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of pancreatic masses in 81 patients are presented (1999-2001): for cutting biopsy--64, and aspiration--and 17. Pancreatic cancer was identified in 41, non-epithelial tumor--3, metastasis to pancreas--2 and indurative pancreatitis--21. Complication were rare: hematoma formation after interstitial biopsy--1 (1.6%) and subcutaneous seeding--1 (5.9%) after aspiration biopsy. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for cutting biopsy were 96.7, 100 and 96.9%, respectively: aspiration--90.9, 90.9 and 88.3%, respectively. Ultrasound-guided transabdominal fine-needle biopsy of pancreas is a low-invasive and effective method of diagnostic verification. The cutting procedure was more effective than aspiration biopsy: also, it helped identify histological pattern of tumor and grade of malignancy. Patients with chronic indurative pancreatitis are to be followed up even when primary fine-needle biopsy results are negative.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Role of current MRI technology in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors].

The Magnetom Vision unit (Siemens) with 1.5 T magnetic field and a Body surface coil was used to examine 87 patients with pancreatic tumors, adenocarcinoma--56, cystadenoma--3, and chronic pancreatitis--28. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (87), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (56) and MR angiography of the abdominal cavity (21) were used in conjunction with the paramagnetic drugs Magnevist (Shearing) or Omniscan (Nikomed). All necessary data for diagnosis and planning of surgical treatment of pancreatic tumors were obtained during a single examination due to complex use of present-day MRI techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Arterial oil chemoembolization: a new method of treatment for pancreatic cancer].

A novel method of intra-arterial oily chemoembolization of pancreatic tumor has been developed. It slowed down regional blood flow in tumor dramatically due to injection of gemcitabin-in-oil. As a result, a prolonged contact of tumor with the highly-concentrated chemotherapeutic drug along the microcirculatory bed was assured. Enhanced antitumor effect, unaccompanied by any increase in systemic toxicity, was obtained by intensifying gemcitabin perfusion in the tissue. Tumor vessels had to be contrast-enhanced during the selective angiography of great vessels feeding the pancreas. Diagnostic angiography was performed in 63 patients with locally advanced tumors (T4NxMo) in 1999-2002. A total of 98 intra-arterial oily chemoembolizations (1-11 per patient) were carried out in 32 (51%). One or two-year survival rates in these patients after hemzar were 50 and 15%, respectively. Arterial oily chemoembolization is a safe and potentially effective method for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Topical diagnostic methods in primary hyperparathyroidism].

The efficiency of USI of the neck, scintigraphy of the parathyroid glands (PTG) with selen-methionine and selective catheterization of veins (SCV) of the neck and mediastinum for preoperative determination of the localization of the source of hyperproduction of the parathyroid hormone was analyzed on the basis of results of examination of 149 patients including 51 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism confirmed during the operation. It was noted that none of the methods of topical diagnostics used in the work is thought to be universal for different clinical situations. A method of their complex use is proposed which foresee USI of the neck as the first step. In case of insufficient information of the results of USI the authors propose SCV of the neck and mediastinum as a method of choice which allows the size and level of the altered PTG to become more exact and which makes further search with the help of other methods of topical diagnostics more purposeful and effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of 18FDG PET for diagnosis of pancreatic tumors].

The paper examines the informational value of positron emission tomography (PET) using 18FDG in the diagnosis of malignant of neoplasms of the pancreas and in the estimation of the extent of a metastatic involvement. Forty-four patients (26 males and 18 females whose age ranged from 28 to 60 years) with histologically verified cancer of the pancreas were examined. The study was conducted in the whole body mode on an Ecat Exact 47 positron emission tomograph following 70-90 minutes of administration of 18FDG, 370-420 MBk. To assess the findings, the differential accumulation ratio (DAR) of formation/liver was calculated. The mean DAR in patients with benign and malignant pancreatic tumors was 1.17 +/- 0.064 and 4.90 +/- 0.3 (p < 0.05). There was a false positive case in a patient with an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis in the study. A relationship was observed between the level of tumor tissue 18FDG capture and the degree of malignancy. PET scanning in the whole body mode estimates the extent of a tumorous process. The authors' data show that the liver was most commonly involved in a metastatic process (96.6%). Hence, 18FDG PET is a highly informative technique in the diagnosis of malignant pancreatic tumors and in the estimation of the extent of a metastatic process and permits a differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗