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Biomedical subjects

A V Peresedova

Publications and source records attributed to A V Peresedova.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Clinical significance of adhesive properties of leukocytes and blood serum in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Adhesive blood properties have been studied in 100 MS patients with the help of the new method developed on the basis of the leucocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test, which was based on the calculation of the ratio of adhesive cells to non-adhesive ones. The value obtained was called the Index of Spontaneous Adhesion (ISA), while the respective indicator reflecting the effect of adhesion strengthening under the influence of autoserum, being expressed by 30% and more, was named the Effect of the Adhesion Strengthening (ES-a). Blood samples of 54 donors and 31 patients with other neurological diseases were used as controls. Statistically significant increase of ISA values of MS patients was detected as compared to the group of donors. The highest indices of ISA and ES-a were found in the primarily progressive course and at the stage of MS exacerbation in the remitting course. Correlation between levels of adhesion and clinical features as well as parameters of clinical and humoral immunity are described. A role of membrane and soluble forms of adhesion molecules in initiation and progression of the immunologic process in MS is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Structural and functional analysis of the cortico-spinal tract in multiple sclerosis].

The study aimed at comparison of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) parameters to MRI data in multiple sclerosis (MS), taking into account clinical course of the disease. TMS was conducted in 56 patients and in 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. According to stage of activity and variant of the course, the patients were divided into 2 groups: one at the stage of exacerbation and another--at the stage of remission with secondary progressive MS. Latency of segmental evoked motor response was similar in patients and controls. Statistically significant between-group difference or trend toward changing of some TMS parameters were found that indicates a slow-down of the impulse conducting along the cortico-spinal tract, which is characteristic of demyelinization process. The changes were more pronounced in secondary-progressive MS. According to MRI data, a square of the spinal cord on the level of the intervertebral disk center C2/C3 was significantly smaller in the group of patients with secondary progressive MS than in that with exacerbation of the disease. The TMS parameters correlated both with the level of the focal demyelinization process and with the square of the spinal cord on a level selected. It allows to estimate expression of atrophic changes caused, in its turn, not only by myelin loss but also by axon loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis].

To specify the character of vestibular cochlear disturbances in multiple sclerosis (MS) and mechanisms of their formation, the objective quantitative evaluation of experimental caloric nystagmus using the computer electronystagmographic method and a comparison of hearing impairment with asymmetry of vestibular reactions were conducted in 48 patients with MS. The peculiarities of vestibular disturbance found in the study suggest a predominance of central vestibular syndrome with both subtentorial and supratentorial traits. The influence of the heat stimulus of vestibular analyzer (hot water caloric test) in multiple sclerosis revealed during computer electronystagmography may have diagnostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A comparative analysis of rebif 22-mcg and copaxone efficacy in multiple sclerosis].

A comparative analysis of efficacy and tolerability of such immunomodulating compounds as rebif 22-mcg and copaxone used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis is presented. The analysis was based on the data obtained in the 2-year study of copaxone (145 patients) and rebif 22-mcg (74 patients) therapy carried out in the Neurology Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2002

[Mechanisms of lability of neurological symptoms in multiple sclerosis].

Pathophysiological peculiarities of demyelinated axons determine their high sensitivity to different exogenous factors and are the reason of instability of neurological signs in MS. One of the typical MS sing is high sensitivity to elevated temperature of the body. Even temporary elevation in body temperature may cause changes in impulse conduction in demyelinated fibres, which was proved by studies of evoked potentials and stabilometric studies. These disturbances may be associated with disorder of ions channels function. The role of other factors (metabolic and immunological disturbances, levels of cytokines and neurotransmitters) in temporary block of nerve conduction in MS is discussed. Further studies of the mechanisms of the lability of neurological sings in MS may lead to elaboration of new approaches to MS treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Progressive course of multiple sclerosis].

The mechanisms of MS progression are now studied with great attention and the treatment strategies at this stage of MS are widely discussed. The clinical peculiarities, genetic profile, immunological and biochemical changes, data of pathomorphological and MRI studies are discussed in this review. The data of own original immunological, biochemical and MRI studies, comparing relapsing-remitting and progressive MS course are presented. The role of axonal degeneration in the disease progression and data of the last trial of beta-interferons in secondary progressive MS are also discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

[Pathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (state of the art in 2000)].

Multiple sclerosis is universally accepted to be a multifactorial disease whose pathogenesis is due to a complex of immunopathological and pathochemical reactions. The key assumption is that only early stages of immunopathological chain reactions involve specific recognition of antigens by autoreactive T cells and antibodies. These early events trigger a demyelinating process at whose later stages of importance are macrophages and glial cells, particularly those of microglia, which produce a great deal of biologically active substances and inflammatory mediators. A deeper insight into the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis has provided new therapeutical approaches to treating this disease. In addition to that there are effective IFN-beta drugs (Betaferon, Rebif, Avonex) and Copaxone, other pathogenetically justified approaches are still under search. The next step of further studies is to identify subtypes of multiple sclerosis and to choose a therapy in accordance with its pathogenetical mechanisms.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗