Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A V Popov.
A partial-wave analysis of the mesons from the reaction pi(-)p --> pi(+)pi(-)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)p has been performed. The data show b(1)pi decay of the spin-exotic states pi(1)(1600) and pi(1)(2000). Three isovector 2(-+) states were seen in the omegarho(-) decay channel. In addition to the well known pi(2)(1670), signals were also observed for pi(2)(1880) and pi(2)(1970).
The role of flabellar and ellipsoid bodies of the central complex of the brain of Drosophila melanogaster males in controlling courtship behavior and the accompanying sound production was studied by comparative analysis of the characteristics of courtship and singing in wild-type flies and individuals of five mutant lines with different anatomical defects in these parts of the brain. Investigations were performed using the following fly lines: Canton S (wild-type, controls), ebo(KS263), with defects only in the ellipsoid bodies, and ebo(1041), ceb(849), ceb(892), and cba(KS96), with different levels of abnormality in both parts of the central complex. The data obtained here indicated that the flabellar and ellipsoid bodies are involved in: 1) maintaining a high level of courtship activity; 2) regulating the precision of male movements while following females; 3) in controlling the nature and stability of the sound elements from which communicative signals are constructed; 4) in regulating the rhythmic structure of signals dependent on the stability of pacemakers function; 5) establishing the relationship between behavior and the context in which it occurs.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A new original instrument is proposed for draining the cystic duct into the common bile duct through the stump. The device combines a reliable fixation of the drainage tube in the stump of a narrow (less than 3 mm) or scared altered cystic duct and the not traumatically embedded cannula into the common bile duct.
The dynamics of morphological changes occurring in the bronchial stump depending on the extent of mediastinal lymph dissection, preoperative chemotherapy and the stump cover method are discussed. Stump healing after right-side pneumonectomy was assessed in 32 non-inbred dogs. Typical procedure was tested in group 1 while complete systematic mediastinal lymph dissection (CSMLD)--in groups 2-4. In groups 3-4, pneumonectomy was performed after two courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 per day + etoposide 120 mg/m2, days 1,3,5). In groups 1-3, the stump was covered with a parietal strap; in group 4, a m. latissimus dorsi strap was fixed on a vascular "pedicle". Experiment was suspended on days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30. One animal in group 2 died of ischemic necrosis of the esophagus terminating in mediastinitis. None of the animals developed bronchial fistula. Angiography detected reduced blood flow in the right-side third of the trachea and medial surface of the left main bronchus in the CSMLD groups. Microscopically, all the groups revealed a similar pattern of stump healing. CSMLD did not influence bronchial stump regeneration significantly. Nor was it hampered in any way by preoperative chemotherapy. The latter was followed by expansion of necrotic and edematous area thus slightly affecting regeneration. Primary bronchoplasty failed to speed up regeneration, yet it might diminish the risk of bronchial fistula.
Influence of different methods of external drainage of the biliary tract on dynamics of inflammation in the biliary tracts was evaluated based on the data examination of bioimpedance, specific electric conductivity and general microbial number of bile received during surgery and from drainage of the common bile duct during 9 days after surgery in 197 patients with cholelithiasis complicated by bile outflow disturbances. It is demonstrated that each type of external drainage has own indications depending on the degree of bacterial contamination, macroscopic structure, biophysical parameters of bile, and planned treatment policy after surgery. Right fixation of the drainage tube in the common bile duct improves immediate results of surgical treatment of patients with cholelithiasis.
The rate of respiratory viral infection in the history affects the pattern of manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis. With the manifestation of tuberculous infection, there is a reduction in the level of mature T lymphocytes and an increase in the values of monocytic oxygen-dependent metabolism (spontaneous and stimulated HCT test). Reductions in the level of activated proliferative cell markers of the lymphocytic link (CD38+ cells, expression of receptors for IL-2, Class II HLA antigens, and receptors for transferrin), in the absolute count of B lymphocytes, in the level of EA-POM and EA-phagocytosis of monocytes and an increase in the concentration of IgM occur more than 3 times a year in patients with respiratory viral infections.
To elucidate the role of the fan-shaped and ellipsoid bodies (FB and EB) of the central complex of Drosophila melanogaster brain in the control of male courtship behavior and singing, we analyzed characteristics of the courtship behavior and parameters of the communicative sound signals accompanying it in wild type flies and in flies from 5 mutant strains with various anatomical defects in FB and EB. The following strains of flies were used for experiments: Canton S (wild type, the control), eboKS263 with defects only in EB and ebo1041, ceb849, ceb892 and cbdKS96 with both the FB and EB damaged in different manner. The data obtained suggest that the FB and EB are involved: 1) in maintenance of a high courtship activity level, 2) in the control of accuracy of male following movements when courting a female, 3) in the control of the form and stability of sound elements in courtship songs, 4) in the control of the rhythmic structure of courtship songs determined by the stability of the pacemakers, and 5) in setting up a correspondence between the current behavior and the external situation.
The decrease of calorie in ration content, insufficient consumption of proteins and lipids was found among the patients in the condition of penitentiary establishment, it results in decrease of characteristics of natural immunity and resistibility to various infections agents, to the action of toxic substances, stress and other negative conditions that take place in penitentiary establishment a disbalanse of regulatory subpopulation of cellular consistent of immunity and predominance of suppressive-cytotoxic influence was observed among the patients of the penitentiary establishment (with a reduced ration of nutrition) over halt a year. Considering a health problem, in the establishments of imprisonment one may probably state that a reduced ration of nutrition is one of the main courses of immune homeostasis shift leasing in the basis of specific and non-specific phenomena of morbidity.
As the Human Genome and Drosophila Genome Projects were completed, it became clear that functions of human disease-associated genes may be elucidated by studying the phenotypic expression of mutations affecting their structural or functional homologs in Drosophila. Genomic diseases were identified as a new class of human disorders. Their cause is recombination, which takes place at gene-flanking duplicons to generate chromosome aberrations such as deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. The resulting imbalance of the dosage of developmentally important genes arises at a frequency of 10(-3) (higher than the mutation rate of individual genes) and leads to syndromes with multiple manifestations, including cognitive defects. Genomic DNA fragments were cloned from the Drosophila melanogaster agnostic locus, whose mutations impair learning ability and memory. As a result, the locus was exactly localized in X-chromosome region 11A containing the LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) gene (CG1848), which is conserved among many species. Hemizygosity for the LIMK1 gene, which is caused by recombination at neighboring extended repeats, underlies cognitive disorders in human Williams syndrome. LIMK1 is a component of the integrin signaling cascade, which regulates the functions of the actin cytoskeleton, synaptogenesis, and morphogenesis in the developing brain. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed LIMK1 in all subdomains of the central complex and the visual system of Drosophila melanogaster. Like in the human genome, the D. melanogaster region is flanked by numerous repeats, which were detected by molecular genetic methods and analysis of ectopic chromosome pairing. The repeats determined a higher rate of spontaneous and induced recombination. including unequal crossing over, in the agnostic gene region. Hence, the agnostic locus was considered as the first D. melanogaster model suitable for studying the genetic defect associated with Williams syndrome in human.
The question of the roles of the two main parts of the insect brain, the mushroom bodies and the central complex, in controlling motor coordination and triggering a variety of behavioral programs, including sound production, remains controversial. With the aim of improving our understanding of this question, we studied the parameters of songs used by five-day-old males during courtship for fertilized wild-type females (Canton-S, C-S) over 5-min periods at 25 degrees C; males were of two wild-type Drosophila melanogaster lines (Berlin and C-S). Berlin males lacking mushroom bodies because of treatment with hydroxyurea during development (chemical removal of the mushroom bodies) were used, along with two mutants with defects in the mushroom bodies (mbm1 and mud1), two mutants with defects in the central complex (ccbKS127 and cexKS181), and mutant cxbN71 with defects in both the mushroom bodies and the central complex. The experiments reported here showed that courtship songs in males lacking mushroom bodies were virtually identical to those of wild-type males. The main parameters of pulsatile song in mutants mbm1 and mud1 (interpulse interval and train duration) were insignificantly different from those of the songs of wild-type flies, though the stability of the pulse oscillator was the same. Flies of these lines were no different from wild-type flies in terms of courtship success (percentage of copulating pairs in 10-min tests). Conversely, the songs of mutants with defects in the central complex differed from those of wild-type males. Firstly, there was degradation of the stability of the pulse oscillator and interpulse intervals were very variable. In addition, pulses were often significantly longer and appeared multicyclic, as in the well-known cacophony mutant, while the mean train duration was significantly shorter. Males of the line cexKS181 usually courted very intensely, though abnormal sounds were generally emitted. Mutants cexKS181 and ccbKS127 were significantly less successful in courtship than wild-type flies. These data show that the central complex appears to play a very important role in controlling song, while the mushroom bodies are not related to this function.
The electric conductivity of the hepatic bile received during and 24 hours after surgery from the drainage introduced into the common hepatic duct was studied in 94 patients with cholelithiasis. It is demonstrated that conductivity increases in cholestasis, inflammatory process in the biliary tract and depends on the hepatic morphofunctional status. The specific electric conductivity of intraoperative bile that is more than 192 S/m is considered to be criteria for the diagnosis of cholangitis. The electric conductivity of urine before and in first 4 days after surgery decreases in inflammation of the biliary tract and depends on the degree of concomitant renal dysfunction and electrolyte disturbances. There was a decrease in the conductivity of bile and urine in all studied groups. Detection of biophysical parameters of biological fluids may objectively control the postoperative period and correct treatment policy.
Specific electrical conductance (SEC) of the hepatic bile in 94 patients with cholelithiasis and concomitant pancreatitis was increased (p < 0.001) and depended on the degree of cholestasis and the morpho-functional state of the liver. The value of SEC of the intraoperative bile higher than 193 S/m is taken for a criterion of the diagnostics of biliary pancreatitis. The electrical conductance of urine during the first 4 days of observation decreased in patients with acute pancreatitis (p < 0.05), impaired carbohydrate metabolism and concomitant renal dysfunction. The value of SEC of urine lower than 238 S/m corresponds to acute pancreatitis. The investigation of physico-chemical indices of biological liquids in patients with a pathology of the pancreato-biliary system allows to objectively control the course of the disease and to correct the treatment methods.
178 patients were operated over 18 years for pulmonary echinococcosis, 100 of them with standard methods, 78--with plasma technologies (surgical device SUPR-2M). Close echinococcectomy was performed in 22.5% patients, open--in 69.1%, combination of these operations--in 8.4% patients. Plasma technologies were used at pneumolysis, cysts section, antiparasitic treatment of residual cavities, fibrous capsule resection (pericystectomy) or cystpericystectomy, marginal resection of the lung with cyst, bronchotomy, sanation of pleural cavity, zone of operation and margins of operative wound. It is demonstrated that postoperative complications were seen in 34% patients operated by standard methods and in 8.9% patients operated with plasma technologies, lethal outcomes were in 2 (2%) and 1 (1.3%) patients, respectively. Plasma technologies permitted to reduce postoperative complications rate 3.8 times and postoperative treatment by 9.8 bed days or by 45.8%. Long-term results were studied in 61 (78.2%) operated patients followed from 1 month to 7 years, there were no recurrence of echinococcosis.
Susceptibility to benz(a)pyrene (BP) has been compared between wild and knockout p53 homo- and heterozygous FVB/N, C57BL/6 and NMRI line mice. Each group included 34-80 animals. Each animal was injected 2 mg BP, s.c., in sunflower oil solution. The animals were followed up for 24 weeks. Fibrosarcomas arose at the site of injection in: wild FVB/N line mice--93%; FVB/N heterozygous--100%; p53 homozygous knockout--95%; C57B1/6--84%, and NMRI mice--83%. Mean latent period was 68, 66, 69, 112 and 109 days, respectively. Hence, FVB/N line mice developed tumors much earlier than C57B1/6 or NMRI did, suggesting their higher susceptibility to carcinogenic BP injection. No significant difference in susceptibility to carcinogen versus p53 expression was reported.
An amplitude analysis of an exclusive sample of 5765 events from the reaction pi- p-->eta'pi- p at 18 GeV/c is described. The eta'pi- production is dominated by natural parity exchange and by three partial waves: those with J(PC) = 1(-+), 2(++), and 4(++). A mass-dependent analysis of the partial-wave amplitudes indicates the production of the a2(1320) meson as well as the a4(2040) meson, observed for the first time decaying to eta'pi-. The dominant, exotic (non- qq) 1(-+) partial wave is shown to be resonant with a mass of 1.597+/-0.010(+0.045)(-0.010) GeV/c2 and a width of 0.340+/-0.040+/-0.050 GeV/c2. This exotic state, the pi1(1600), is produced with a t dependence which is different from that of the a2(1320) meson, indicating differences between the production mechanisms for the two states.
The majority of the human Ig heavy chain (IgH) constant (C) region locus has been cloned and mapped. An exception is the region between C delta and C gamma 3, which is unstable and may be a recombination hot spot. We isolated a pBAC clone (pHuIgH3'delta-gamma 3) that established a 52-kb distance between C delta and C gamma 3. Sequence analysis identified a high number of repeat elements, explaining the instability of the region, and an unusually large accumulation of transcription factor-binding motifs, for both lymphocyte-specific and ubiquitous transcription activators (IKAROS, E47, Oct-1, USF, Myc/Max), and for factors that may repress transcription (Delta EF1, Gfi-1, E4BP4, C/EBP beta). Functional analysis in reporter gene assays revealed the importance of the C delta-C gamma 3 interval in lymphocyte differentiation and identified independent regions capable of either enhancement or silencing of reporter gene expression and interaction with the IgH intron enhancer E mu. In transgenic mice, carrying a construct that links the beta-globin reporter to the novel delta-gamma 3 intron enhancer (E delta-gamma 3), transgene transcription is exclusively found in bone marrow B cells from the early stage when IgH rearrangement is initiated up to the successful completion of H and L locus recombination, resulting in Ab expression. These findings suggest that the C delta-C gamma 3 interval exerts regulatory control on Ig gene activation and expression during early lymphoid development.
XMAP215 belongs to a family of proteins involved in the regulation of microtubule dynamics. In this study we analyze the function of different parts of XMAP215 in vivo and in Xenopus egg extracts. XMAP215 has been divided into three fragments, FrN, FrM and FrC (for N-terminal, middle and C-terminal, respectively). FrN co-localizes with microtubules in egg extracts but not in cells, FrC co- localizes with microtubules and centrosomes both in egg extracts and in cells, while FrM does not co- localize with either centrosomes or microtubules. In Xenopus egg extracts, FrN stimulates microtubule growth at plus-ends by inhibiting catastrophes, while FrM has no effect, and FrC suppresses microtubule growth by promoting catastrophes. Our results suggest that XMAP215 is targeted to centrosomes and microtubules mainly through its C-terminal domain, while the evolutionarily conserved N-terminal domain contains its microtubule-stabilizing activity.