Research on ageing: priorities for the European region.
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Aging↗
Biomedical subjects
A V Sidorenko
Publications and source records attributed to A V Sidorenko.
[The realization of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing: role of scientific research].
The article focuses on the role gerontological science is supposed to play in the implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing. Its purpose, structure, the process of development and concordance, as well as problems arising in the course of its realization are discussed by the authors. The contribution of the Russian gerontological science in the realization of the Madrid Plan of Action is debated.
Aging↗
A TL/OSL emission spectrometer extension of the Risø reader.
The integration of a low cost, compact sized spectrometer with the Risø reader is described. The luminescence light emitted by the sample is transmitted by an optical fibre onto a fixed entrance slit of a spectrograph. The light is measured with a high sensitivity 2048-element CCD-linear array detector (Avantes PC2000) sensitive in the UV-VIS region. The CCD array has a low readout noise and a photon sensitivity of 86 photons per count. Examples are given of both thermally and optically stimulated 3-D spectra showing the luminescence spectra as a function of temperature and time respectively. Spectra from CaF2:Tm (TLD-300) chips could be distinguished from the background (2 SD) at a 0.7 Gy dose level.
Luminescent Measurements↗
Effects of microwave radiation and strychnine on cerebral biopotentials in narcotized rats.
Strychnine and microwave radiation produced changes in spectral parameters of electrocorticogram, correlation dimension, and Kolmogorov entropy, parameters calculated by the methods of nonlinear dynamics opposite to those induced by urethane. The modulatory effect of microwaves on bioelectric cerebral activity in narcotized animals was similar to the effect of strychnine and probably related to enhanced excitability of brain structures and complication of bioelectric processes.
Animals↗
The analysis of animal bioelectric brain activity influenced by microwaves or by the introduction of strychnine.
The widespread impact made by technology has raised concerns about the safety of human exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the environment. The brain is especially sensitive to the influence of microwaves. The most effective method for estimation of the organism's functional states is an analysis of electroencephalograms. The statistical and spectral methods are usually used for analysis of animal electrocorticograms. The information obtained in such way is the integrated character and it is sometimes insufficient for identification of the brain state charging caused by various factors, especially microwaves altering the ecological situation. The nonlinear dynamics method is used in our work concurrent with the spectral correlation method for animal electrocorticogram processing. The correlation dimensionality represents a numerical criterion allowing for comparative investigation of various dynamic states of the system. In the process of investigation, it has been found that the nonlinear dynamics method may be used to analyze the electrocorticograms of experimental animal in different functional states being confirmed by increasing parameter of the correlation dimensionality in electrocorticograms of animal irradiated by microwaves or subjected to the introduction of strychnine.
Algorithms↗
Stromal hemopoietic microenvironment in aging.
The bone marrow content, proliferative potential and proliferative activity of precursor cells for stromal fibroblast colony forming cells (CFC-F) were investigated in young and old CBA mice. The relationship between CFC-F and the number of bone marrow nucleated cells and granulocytic-macrophagal precursors (GM-CFC) was studied as well. The results obtained showed increased CFC-F contents in old animals. The proliferative potential of old mice CFC-F did not appear to differ from that of young animals. The proliferative activity of bone marrow CFC-F and hemopoietic stem cells--spleen colony forming cells (CFC-S) was studied by determining the sensitivity to hydroxyurea administration. The responses were almost the same in young and old mice. A direct correlation between CFC-F and nucleated cells and GM-CFC precursors was found in young mice, but not in the old animals. The results of the present study have pointed to the reorganisation of the stromal tissue microenvironment in bone marrow in old age.
Aging↗
[Early ventricular repolarization syndrome in diseases of the cardiovascular system].
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Adolescent↗
[Pathology of the cardiovascular system and early ventricular repolarization syndrome].
An attempt was made for the first time to determine the prevalence of the early ventricular repolarization syndrome (EVRS) in cardiovascular diseases in order to specify the clinico-electrocardiographic significance of the given electrophysiological phenomenon and its interrelationship with the rate of rhythm and heart conduction disorders. The changes discovered cast doubt on the generally accepted concept of the benign character of the EVRS and orient to the necessity of pharmacological correction in more frequent arrhythmogenic episodes in EVRS carriers suffering from cardiovascular pathology. Some diagnostic methods (electrocardiography, pharmacological tests) have been evaluated and suggested as optimal for diagnosing the EVRS.
Age Factors↗
[Characteristics of hematopoiesis regeneration in subcutaneous bone implants in aging mice].
Femurs from both young and old mice were implanted subcutaneously to young syngeneic recipients. 2-2.5 months after surgery femoral marrow grafts were repopulated with nucleated cells and macrophage-granulocyte precursor cells irrespective of the donor's age. Marrow depletion of femurs prior to implantation caused a sharp decrease in hemopoietic repopulation of implants from old, but not young, donors. It is concluded that age-dependent functional peculiarities of stromal microenvironment can be visualized owing to the extraordinary local regenerative demand.
Aging↗
Functional rearrangement of lymphohemopoietic system in heterochronically parabiosed mice.
This study examines some characteristics of the lymphohaemopoietic system of heterochronically parabiosed CBA mice. It was found that a decline of the primary immune response in a young mouse sutured with an old one is accompanied with the diminution of: bone marrow and thymus cellularity; thymus weight; haemopoietic stem cells (CFC-S) and granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (CFC-C) contents in the femur, and stromal precursor cell (CFC-F) contents both in the femur and thymus. All the indices tested, including the immune response level, in old parabionts vs. old single mice remained unchanged. In the spleen, the considerable variations of splenic weights in the mice of different control and experimental groups have been found. At the same time, no significant changes in the cellularity and CFC-F number in the spleen of all examined groups of animals have been observed. The findings strongly indicate the considerable rearrangement of lymphohaemopoietic and stromal tissues in the central organs of the immune system, namely, bone marrow and thymus of young mice due to the parabiosis with old ones.
Aging↗
[Cultivation of bone marrow in a medium conditioned by lymphoid organ cells].
Conditioned media (CM) from short-term cultures of splenocytes or thymocytes stimulated by Con A inhibit the growth of fibroblast colonies and raise the survival of non-adherent cells (NAC) in primary monolayer cultures of mouse bone marrow. The double effect of the CM is dose-dependent. The self-renewal of NAC in CM cultures is effected during two weeks.
Animals↗
[Mechanisms of age-related changes in immunity studied using heterochronous chimeras].
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Aging↗
[Effect of hydroxyurea on the number of hematopoietic stem cells, stromal cell precursors and cell precursors of thymus lymphoid tissue in the bone marrow of mice during aging].
The concentration of hemopoietic stem cells (colony-forming cells in the spleen - CFC-S) decreases in the bone marrow of CBA mice during ageing, whereas the concentration of precursors for stromal fibroblasts (colony-forming cells for fibroblasts-CFC-F) increases. The total numbers of nucleated cells, CFC-S and CFC-F in the bone marrow of old mice essentially increase. Hydroxyurea, administered in vivo, does not effect the concentration of CFC-S, but it increases CFC-F concentration in the bone marrow of mice. Hydroxyurea produces just the same suppressive effect on the numbers of nucleated cells, CFC-S and CFC-F in the mice of different ages, and stimulates the capacity of bone marrow donors to repopulate the thymus of the irradiated young recipients.
Aging↗
[Stromal precursor cell count in the bone marrow of young and old CBA mice].
The content of stromal precursor cells in the bone marrow of young (1-4-month-old) and old (24-30-month-old) CBA mice was measured by cloning in primary monolayer cultures. It was found that both the concentration (fibroblast colony forming efficiency) and the total number of stromal precursors in femoral bone marrow markedly increased with aging.
Aging↗
[Effect of stromal fibroblasts on antibody formation in cultures deficient in A-cells].
Stromal fibroblasts from the monolayer cultures of the rabbit thymus, spleen, and bone marrow when added to suspension cultures of non-adherent rabbit spleen cells had a significant effect on the response of the plaque-forming cells (PFC). Thymus-derived stromal fibroblasts caused an increase in the number of PFC, and bone marrow stromal fibroblasts suppressed the antibody formation in these cultures. Spleen-derived stromal fibroblasts influenced the PFC response similarly to adherent cells. Thymus-derived stromal fibroblasts irradiated by 5000 R influenced the PFC response in the same way as non-irradiated cells. The action of stromal fibroblasts on the antibody formation in the cultures depended on their attachment to the culture flask surface.
Animals↗
[Stromal fibroblasts of the hematopoietic organs and antibody formation in cultures].
The thymus, bone marrow- and spleen-derived stromal mechanocytes from the monolayer cultures (3rd--6th passages) when added to the suspension cultures of rabbit spleen cells according to Mishell and Dutton produced a considerable effect on the plaque-forming cells (PFC) accumulation by the 4th day of cultivation. Their action distinctly depended on the dose. Bone marrow-derived stromal mechanocytes in doses of 2.1 X 10(3)--6.25 X 10(5) caused inhibition of PFC formation in cultures. Thymus-derived stromal mechanocytes in doses of 2.75 X 10(3)--8 X 10(5) cause an increase in number of PFC; spleen-derived stromal mechanocytes in doses of 2.1 X 10(3)--1.3 X 10(4) failed to bring about any significant changes, but when the dose was increased to 8 X 10(4)--6.25 X 10(5) the inhibition of PFC formation took place. Most of the live cells and PFC were found in the free cells fraction.
Animals↗
[Effect of stromal mechanocytes of hematopoietic organs on in vitro formation of antibody producing cells].
Cultured rabbit fibroblasts of bone marrow, thymus and spleen origin were added in spleen cell cultures in which the primary antibody response to SRBC was induced. Bone marrow fibroblasts caused strong inhibition of the response; thymus fibroblasts stimulated antibody formation; spleen fibroblasts inhibited the response when added in large amounts otherwise they produced no effect. The stimulation of antibody forming cell response by thymus fibroblasts proved independent of whether fibroblasts were irradiated or not. Bone marrow fibroblasts exhibited suppressive effect on the response predominantly during initial stages of antibody induction. All the 3 types of fibroblasts did not influence cell viability in spleen cells cultures, and were much more effective on addition to cultures of A-deficient spleen cells as compared to full spleen cells.
Animals↗
[Effect of fibroblasts from monolayer cultures of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue on the immune response in vitro].
Stromal fibroblasts from the monolayer cultures of human bone marrow, guinea pig bone marrow, spleen, thymus and peripheral blood suppressed the response of the plagueforming cells against sheep erythrocytes in the suspension cultures of mouse spleen cells. Combined cultivation of 20 X 10(6) fibroblasts from all the mentioned sources led to complete suppression of the immune response. This suppression was less in mice immunized three days before the spleen cell explantation into the suspension cultures and was absent entirely in case the pre-immunization of spleen cell donors was accomplished nine days before the explantation.
Animals↗