Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A V Trofimov.
The specific features of the heliophysical situation in preconceiving and early ontogenesis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. There were significant differences in solar radioradiation intensity a week before the conception of an organism in healthy individuals and patients with tuberculosis.
Vilon stimulated and Epithalon suppressed the expression of argyrophilic proteins in nucleolar organizer regions of thymocytes and epithelial cells, stimulating or reducing, respectively, the formation, assembly, and transport of ribosomes into the cytoplasm and thus determining the intensity of protein synthesis in these cells. A direct mitogenic effect of Vilon was also revealed: this peptide promoted thymocyte transformation into proliferating blast cells.
For the liquid-phase photolytic denitrogenation of the stereolabeled DBH derivative exo-d2-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene (exo-d2-1), the k(inv)/k(ret) ratio of the inverted [2(inv)] and retained [2(ret)] housanes (bicyclo[2.1.0]pentanes) depends on the viscosity of the medium. For this purpose, the viscosity was varied by changing the solvent (various alcohols and diols, n-hexane, and acetonitrile) at constant temperature and by changing the temperature (-50 to +100 degrees C) in one single solvent, namely n-butanol. This viscosity effect is consistent with a stepwise denitrogenation mechanism in the liquid-phase photolysis of DBH, which proceeds through an unsymmetrical, nitrogen-containing transient, namely the singlet diazenyl diradical. The simple free-volume model adequately accounts for the observed viscosity behavior of the k(inv)/k(ret) ratio in terms of frictional effects. The temperature dependence discloses a small but measurable difference in the internal activation energies for the inversion and retention processes of the proposed diazenyl diradical.
We propose classification of duodenal endocrine cells of intact rats based on ultrastructural signs of secretory granules and subdivided these cells into 10 basic types. The effect of long-term irradiation in a total dose of 2.5 Gy on ultrastructural organization of duodenal apudocytes was studied. Irradiation induced nonspecific changes of cell organelles in apudocytes. Differences in the ultrastructural disorganization were detected between different types of apudocyte populations and between different types of endocrine cells. Under conditions of adaptation to radiation apudocytes released the secretory product not only through molecular extrusion and exocytosis, but also via degranulation.
Age-specific ultrastructural postradiation changes in the main types of duodenal endocrine cells (apudocytes) were studied in rats 6 and 12 months after single whole-body irradiation in doses of 7 and 7.5 Gy. Ultrastructural disorganization of different severity was detected, which depended on apudocyte type and term postradiation. Degranulation was the basic mechanism of hormone secretion in delayed periods after the exposure.
With using computer database of the heliogeophysical situation during 70 years and the computer program "HELIOS" we estimate the degree of the influence of the magnetic field of the Earth at the embrional period of human organism. We carry out the express-diagnosis of magnetic sensitiveness level by means of the method of dosage magnetic loads at the time of magnetic storms. Persons with high magnetic sensitiveness (65% of the population) at the Extreme North experience the threat of the fail of stable working functional systems and developing pathologic states. The technology of their non-medicine prevention and correction were worked out. At the first time it was shown the dependence of pathological manifestations in various functional systems of human organism on expresses of the solar and magnetic activities at concrete periods of embriogeny. "Embrio-heliophysical patterns" were revealed for various pathological states. The using of worked out ways of prognosis and diagnosis of the functional dependence of human organism on heliogeophysical factors in various periods of ontogeny allows not only to introduce new criteria of the selection of people at the Extreme North but also to leave to physicians exceptional abilities for prevention of many diseases.
A similar viscosity dependence of the CIEEL efficiencies for the para- and meta-substituted spiroadamantyl dioxetanes 1 has been observed, which implies that an electron-transfer mechanism operates through solvent-caged species for both regioisomers. The pronounced difference in the chemiexcitation yields for the meta- and para-substituted dioxetanes is rationalized in terms of the much larger (ca. 200-fold) rate constant for the electron back-transfer (BET) step to afford the excited meta CIEEL emitter. An in-depth kinetic analysis of the viscosity effect on the excited-state generation for the para versus meta regioisomers supports this conclusion.
The effect of pro-oxidants (tert-butyl peroxide and FeSO4) on rats perfusing isolated pancreas insulin secretion was studied. Pro-oxidants (10(-4) M) preperfusion during 20 minutes did not change significantly the basal insulin secretion and decreased glucose-stimulated secretion of the one. The content of pancreas TBA-active products increased twice after pro-oxidants effect and ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathiones liberation rates decreased from 2 to 0.5. The disturbance of hormone secretion as a result of decrease of Langerhans islets B-cells reduced glutathione pool is suppose to be one of the mechanisms of hypoinsulinemia development at host's states characterizing with lipids peroxidation activation.
The testing influence of a magnetic field, which is used as a new variant of a functional trial, may furnish an additional information about the possibilities of the human organism in concrete heliophysical conditions. Positive hypertensive reactions caused by the magnetic signal in 20% of cases show a high sensibility of a human organism to natural and induced magnetic fields. During the formation of crews and teams for actions in extreme heliophysical regions or for works with the sources of radioelectronic emission, the restrictions must be imposed for operators who have a high magnetic sensibility. This method may be used for the purpose of improving the quality of military medical expertise.
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Rates of basal and glucose-stimulated insulin and glutathione secretion were studied in experiments with isolated rat pancreas, as were prooxidant effects on these values. The rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release was found increased at glucose concentration increase to 16.7 mmoles in perfusion solution. Addition of prooxidants (tert-butyl hydroperoxide and Fe2+) in concentrations 10(-4) mole did not change basal insulin secretion but resulted in reduction of glucose-stimulated hormone release. Under such conditions a reduction of the rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release by the pancreas was observed which was adequate to changed GSH/GSSG ratio in isolated Langerhans' islets. It may be supposed that lipid peroxidation results in changed thiol-disulfide ratio in Langerhans' islets B cells and in reduction of their sensitivity to secretogen effect.
Cation proteins (CP) were isolated from leukocytes by means of ion exchange chromatography. Enzyme immunoassay showed that these cation proteins modified C3 component of complement in vitro. CP obtained from healthy volunteers decreased the content of C3 purified by affinity chromatography and C3 of blood serum; however, content of C3.H2O op C3b-like form and C3a-fragment were not altered. Effect of CP isolated from leukocytes of patients with chronic myeloleukemia and chronic lympholeukemia on C3 component was less distinct as compared with that of healthy volunteers. At the same time, content of C3b-like form was increased the presence of CP from patients with myeloleukemia and of C3a-fragment--in the presence of the proteins from patients with lympholeukemia. Excess of physiologically active C3 fragments, developed under conditions of these diseases, may contribute to a decrease in unspecific body resistance.