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Biomedical subjects

A Vaidya

Publications and source records attributed to A Vaidya.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Serum leptin concentrations in hyperinsulinemia in the sets of obese, lipodystrophic and/or non-obese patients.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between serum leptin and circulating insulin under basal and in response to oral glucose administration in hyperinsulinemic patients with or without obesity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifteen female patients of known hyperinsulinemia provided material for the study. Leptin and insulin in sera were estimated by radioimmunoassay methods. RESULTS: Eight of the 15 hyperinsulinemic patients with high body mass index (BMI) (31 +/- 0.94 kg/m2) had significantly (p < 0.01) elevated serum leptin concentrations (26.1 +/- 2 ng/ml) as compared to the levels in the remaining seven non-obese hyperinsulinemic patients with BMI of 20 +/- 1.0 kg/m2; their mean levels of serum leptin were low 5.7 +/- 1.1 ng/ml. Four of the latter group had face-sparing partial lipodystrophy. The mean circulating leptin concentrations in the control group of seven healthy normoinsulinemic and regularly menstruating women with normal BMI (19 +/- 0.95 kg/m2) were 13.7 +/- 1.8 ng/ml. DISCUSSION: The results of the present study in 15 hyperinsulinemic patients show that circulating levels of leptin are not related to serum insulin. However, there was a positive correlation with BMI. An interesting observation of the study is that, notwithstanding the normal BMI, the group of hyperinsulinemic patients with face-sparing partial lipodystrophy had the lowest levels of circulating leptin concentrations. They were closer to the values found in prepubertal girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Safety pharmacology of a combination of tinidazole and oxyphenonium bromide.

The effect of a combination of 150 mg tinidazole (CAS 19387-91-8) and 1 mg oxyphenonium bromide (CAS 50-10-2), referred to as the combination, was examined in various animal species to assess its safety. In mice and rats, the combination in the dose range 30-1000 mg/kg p.o. or 250 mg/kg i.p. did not produce behavioural or neurological changes, nor did it influence pentobarbital sleeping time, though, alcohol sleeping time was altered. In anaesthetised dogs, neither blood pressure, ECG, heart rate, respiration or gastrointestinal motility was affected after single intraduodenal administration of the combination 20 and 50 mg/kg or after chronic oral administration of 25 mg/kg daily for 15 days. In isolated organs, viz. perfused rabbit heart, guinea-pig ileum and rat ileum no significant changes were observed following various doses of the combination, compared to tinidazole and oxyphenonium bromide given alone in corresponding concentrations. In conclusion, the pharmacological profile of the aforementioned combination in the dosages employed in mice, rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits and dogs shows that it is safe and well tolerated.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Influence of fluoride containing toothpaste on serum and urine fluoride levels in children.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of fluoridated toothpaste on serum and urine fluoride levels in two groups of children with supervised brushing. As part of the study dietary intakes of fluoride were calculated from a 24 hour diet record and eight samples of water from different families were also analysed for their fluoride content.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Continuous intra arterial vasopressin infusion for control of typhoid hemorrhage.

A 35 year old man presented with massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to typhoid enteritis. After confirming the site of bleeding on a selective superior mesenteric angiogram, a vasopressin infusion was given at the rate of 0.2-0.4 units/min initially, followed by tapering doses over 36 hours. Cessation of bleeding was achieved immediately. The patients did not have any complications due to the procedure. Continuous vasopressin infusion is an effective method for the treatment of uncontrolled bleeding from typhoid enteritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of anti tetanus IgG and IgM levels in maternal and cord sera by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The study was done to determine IgG and IgM antitetanus antibodies in mothers after antenatal immunization, and extent of transfer to the baby as measured by cord levels of tetanus specific IgG and IgM by ELISA using enzyme penicillinase and to study the effect of nutritional status of mothers on antibody response to tetanus toxoid and corresponding cord levels also to determine the number of doses required for protective antibody levels in cord blood. The results obtained in sera of 100 mothers at the time of delivery and their respective cord sera and results of 43 different control sera are discussed using ELISA technique.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) dye test for quick diagnosis of urinary tract infection.

We evaluate the triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) dye reduction test for quicker diagnosis of urinary tract infections for its sensitivity and reliability to detect significant bacteriuria. Of the 1400 urine samples tested 780 (55.7%) had significant bacteriuria. TTC dye test was positive in 678 (86.9%) of those with significant bacteriuria thereby showing its usefulness. The test is simple and cheap and can be carried out in field situations.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of tubercule antigen in cerebrospinal fluids by ELISA for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

An Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was standardised to detect the presence of tubercule antigen in cerebrospinal fluids from patients with meningitis. CSF samples from clinically suspected cases of tuberculous meningitis, culture proven pyogenic meningitis and non-bacterial aseptic central nervous system (CNS) disorders were tested by ELISA to demonstrate its potential utility for routine diagnostic purpose. Tubercule antigen was detected in 73% cases of tuberculous meningitis and was absent in pyogenic and other non-bacterial CNS disorder cases. The test appears to be a promising approach for a definitive diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clopidogrel-associated acute migratory arthritis following kidney-pancreas transplantation.

Clopidogrel is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and has been used as an alternative, or as an adjunct to aspirin in reducing the risk of thrombosis. A 34-year-old uremic type 1 male diabetic patient who underwent simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation was given clopidogrel as he was allergic to aspirin. He developed polyarthralgia one week later, followed in a few days by symmetrical migratory polyarthritis, which resolved completely on withdrawing the drug. The implications to clinical management in a transplant setting are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibromatosis of thyroid gland (a case report).

Fibromatosis of thyroid gland is a rare condition encountered in surgical practice. Clinically presenting as goitre, it is treated with near total thyroidectomy with good results. We had one such case under our care at the K.E.M. Hospital, Bombay. Rarity of this condition prompted us to publish the data, the literature is briefly reviewed.

Fibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of Pap test among high and non-high risk female.

A prospective study of pap smear in 100 high risk and equal number of non high risk female among total 1022 female Gynecological patients within a period of two and half months {Beginning of Sept. to middle of Nov. 1995} in Maternity Hospital, Thapathali is presented. There were 9 cases positive for dyskaryosis among high risk and 3 cases among the comparison group. All positive cases were at the age of 35 years and above. In 9 positive cases, 5 cases were in CIN I (55.55%) while 4 were in CIN II (44.44%). Similarly out of 3 positive cases in comparison group 1 was in CIN I category (33.33%) and 2 cases were in CIN II (66.66%). Relation of positive cases with low social class revealed 80% CIN I and 50% CIN II among high risk group where as 66.6% CIN II in comparison group. Analysis of risk factor in development of various grades Dyskaryosis revealed 60% of CIN I had high parity while 50% had CIN II. There are about 40% of CIN I and 75% CIN II among child birth less than 19yrs, 60% smoker had CIN I where as 100%. Smoker had CIN II. 80% of CIN I gave history of excessive vaginal discharge where as 50% of CIN II had excessive vaginal discharge. 40% of CIN I was having injection Depo provera. Cases were also analyzed according to risk factor. Out of 9 positive cases among high-risk females 5 positive had parity more than 4 and 4 cases had less than 4. 5 positive cases were among less than 19 years of first childbirth, 4 among more than 19 years. 7 positive cases were smoker and 2 positive cases were non-smoker. 6 positive cases gave history of abnormal vaginal discharge and 3 positive cases had no abnormal vaginal discharge. Out of 9 positive cases 2 had history of injection Depo provera continuously for more than 5 years where as 7 were non users.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Xipho-omphalopagous twins--separation in the newborn.

Male conjoined twins (thoraco-omphalopagous) were delivered by emergency Caesarean section performed in a full term, 3rd gravida who had presented in labour. On examination one of the twins had gross monstrosity and was threatening the survival of the better twin (twin A). The cannulation and dye studies through single umbilical vein demonstrated significant cross circulation across the connecting bridge. The vein was connected to liver of twin A. An emergency separation was performed to salvage the better twin.

Humans↗