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Biomedical subjects

A Valbø

Publications and source records attributed to A Valbø.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Torsion of the Fallopian tube causing acute abdominal pain in a young virgin girl].

BACKGROUND: Acute abdominal pain in female patients is a common condition often involving a gynaecological examination in order to establish an aetiological diagnosis. MATERIAL: The case of a 14-year-old girl with acute abdominal pain caused by isolated torsion of the right tube is presented. The literature is reviewed according to the discussion on whether an undiseased tube can undergo torsion. Theories concerning the pathogenesis of torsion and the premises for accepting the fallopian tube as previously undiseased, are presented. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: On the background of these premises we conclude that our patient might be the eighth case referred in the literature.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1999

[Leg cramps in pregnancy--how common are they?].

Leg cramps in pregnancy, defined as painful spasms of the calf, were investigated among women giving birth at the maternity ward at Baerum Hospital from 1 October to 20 October 1997. A questionnaire distributed to 120 women three days after parturition revealed that 45% had suffered from leg cramps during pregnancy. Among 54% of them the cramps appeared after the 25th week of pregnancy. 76% of the women had experienced the symptoms twice per week or less often; 81% of them suffered from painful cramps only during night-time. We conclude that leg cramps are still a common symptom in pregnancy and may compromize sleep and hence the ability to work.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Smoking cessation in pregnancy. Intervention among heavy smokers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a low cost multicomponent intervention program among pregnant heavy smokers. DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental trial. SETTING: The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway. SUBJECTS: 104 pregnant women smoking 10 cigarettes or more daily at the time of routine ultrasound screening around the 18th week of pregnancy. INTERVENTION: Around the 18th week of gestation the women received information about the dangers of smoking in pregnancy together with a self-help manual. The manual was developed especially for pregnant women to aid smoking cessation during a 10 day program. A control ultrasound was performed around the 32nd week of pregnancy. Two encouraging reminders were mailed to them before and after the control ultrasound. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in smoking pattern were investigated at delivery time. Smoking cessation, reduction, increase and no change in smoking consumption was registered. RESULTS: 20% stopped smoking and 65% reduced their smoking in the intervention group compared to 4% and 38% respectively in the control group. 11% in the intervention group did not change their smoking habit and 4% increased their consumption compared to 36% and 22% respectively in the control group. The differences were highly significant. CONCLUSION: This low cost multiple intervention model seems more effective than other intervention models investigated in Norway. The resources invested are probably within the limits of the common pregnancy health care.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Smoking habits of pregnant women in municipalities of Asker and Baerum].

Smoking in pregnancy is unequivocally harmful to both foetal and maternal health. Earlier investigations in Norway among pregnant women who smoke have demonstrated a prevalence of smoking of around 40% and that some women stop smoking as soon as the pregnancy is confirmed (around 20%). This investigation reports only 16% smokers among pregnant women registered at 18th week of pregnancy in the two municipalities of Asker and Baerum. Average daily consumption was 8.6 cigarettes, and 65% of the women stated that they smoked more than five cigarettes per day. 97% expressed a positive interest in quitting smoking, and 76% had tried to quit earlier. 77% had a partner who was a daily smoker. An assessment of level of education showed that 82% had completed 12 years of schooling and 23% reached a higher educational level. We conclude that the relatively low incidence of daily smoking among pregnant women in these two municipalities should inspire the initiation of active intervention programmes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Why do women still smoke while men quit?].

Norwegian men have reduced their rates of daily smoking, while the overall rate of smoking among women has remained unchanged for the last 15 years. The prevalence of smoking among adolescent girls has declined. Highly educated women are less likely to smoke, compared with women with lower education. Some groups of Norwegian women, however, are maintaining their smoking habits. We discuss possible explanations of the remaining high rates of smoking among women, and suggest strategies to improve the smoking cessation rate among women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Experiences of pregnant women with ultrasonic examination].

655 pregnant women answered a questionnaire after routine ultrasound examination around the 17th week of pregnancy. Every second woman received written information about ultrasound examination in pregnancy. 37 women answered inconsistently and were withdrawn from the study. 435 (70%) women out of 618 were satisfied with the information they had received on ultrasound examination in pregnancy, although 171 of them had not received our letter of information. Only 26 out of 290 women who had received the information did not consider it to be satisfactory. 252 (40%) admitted being anxious prior to the examination, but we found no relation between anxiety and receiving or not receiving the letter. 584 (95%) answered that they felt more secure after the ultrasound examination and 609 (99%) were satisfied with the information they had received during the examination. All the women wanted to have a routine ultrasound examination during a possible subsequent pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Smoking cessation in pregnancy. Mode of intervention and effect.

Three groups (n = 50 each) of pregnant smokers wanting to quit the habit were assigned to three different intervention programs around their 18th week in pregnancy. Group 1 participated in a smoking cessation program offering several self-help methods; group 2 attended a doctor's information meeting at the hospital; and group 3 received a pamphlet on the deleterious effects of smoking in pregnancy. For Group 4, the control group, there was no intervention. In all three intervention groups, more than one-third reduced their smoking to almost half, while 38% quit altogether in group 1, compared with less than 10% in groups 2 and 3. Twelve months later, 16%, 6% and 8% respectively, remained abstinent in the three groups. In groups 2 and 3, abstinence proved to be of the same magnitude as in the control group. We conclude that smoking in pregnancy, being one of the few amenable to risk factors affecting the perinatal death statistics, demands an active smoking cessation program during pregnancy led by specially trained health professionals.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking in pregnancy: a follow-up study of women unwilling to quit.

During a smoking intervention trial at Buskerud Central Hospital in Norway in 1988-1989, 79 out of 279 smoking pregnant women refused any form of intervention. Thirty-five of the women (44%) expressed a negative attitude to quit smoking and insisted on continuing their smoking habits. Forty-four (56%) indicated a positive interest in quitting, but refused advice and assistance from the health service. The smoking pattern of the 79 women was followed during 12 months. In spite of their stated unwillingness to change their smoking habits, or their refusal of advice, no difference was observed in their quitting or reduction rate during pregnancy compared to a control group of women with a positive interest in quitting. In addition, significantly more women in the latter group actually increased their smoking. The quitting rate of the negatively motivated women also proved similar to that obtained in a stop-smoking intervention used among positively motivated women who also had received additional information. Hence, the negatively motivated do not appear to represent a graver risk group than other pregnant women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Smoking cessation in pregnancy: the effect of hypnosis in a randomized study.

At Buskerud Central Hospital in Norway, a county hospital with 2000 deliveries per year, an intervention study, using hypnosis, aimed at smoking cessation and reduction among pregnant women still smoking around 18th week of pregnancy was carried out during the period 1992-1993. Two sessions (each lasting 45 minutes) using conventional induction into a superficial nonsomnabulistic stage of trance were performed. A tape was played, encouraging the pregnant woman's wish to quit smoking and her capacity to do so. Relaxation techniques together with self-hypnotic methods were introduced to combat craving. Changes in smoking pattern were investigated at delivery time. No significant effect on smoking cessation or smoking reduction was obtained (p > 0.05). We recorded a 10% quit rate in both intervention group and control group, and 42% and 31% reduced their smoking in the intervention group and control group, respectively.

Adult↗