Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Van Hout.
This paper presents definition and characteristics of appearance, psychological consequences, risk factors, differential diagnosis, and management of stuttering in children. Stuttering requires early recognition and management in order to prevent the consequences of secondary psychological disturbances. Management associating speech and behavioral therapies must be entrusted to expert specialists.
Acquired childhood aphasia is rare but has important conceptual implications for developmental neuropsychology. The last 15 years have seen major changes in their clinical description, which have led to the awareness that the syndromes in acquired childhood aphasia are more similar to the syndromes in adult aphasia than previously thought. This article briefly discusses the definition and differential diagnosis of acquired childhood aphasia from the point of view of the child neurologist and adds new perspectives afforded by neurolinguistic examinations. It reviews the main causes and syndromes of acquired childhood aphasia. Prognosis is less favorable than usually supposed, in terms of both language sequellae and academic failure. Finally, suggestions regarding the basis for aphasic children's nonverbal deficiencies are presented.
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A brief review is given of the contribution of neuropsychological diagnostic methods and neurolinguistic diagnostic investigations. Through the analysis of errors, neurolinguistic examinations today make it possible to isolate in dyslexic populations at least three groups with clear-cut characteristics, requiring a distinct remedial approach. Neuropsychological investigations, and in particular their cross-matching with radiological neuro-imaging methods, serve to evidence the specificity of the cerebral organization of dyslexics.
We report the case of a ten-year-old boy, who, after herpes simplex encephalitis, presented a sensory aphasia having much in common with Wernicke's aphasia in adults. The genesis of neologisms appeared very similar to the mechanisms described by Buckingham and Kertesz (1974, Brain and Language, 1, 43-61). The findings are discussed in the light of theories of hemispheric specialization and of age-related semiologies.
Eleven unselected cases of aphasia in children seen over a three-year period in a neuropaediatric centre are reported. Contrary to current reports in the literature, the children disclosed a semiology similar to that of adults, particularly for frequency and distribution of 'positive signs' such as paraphasias. The reasons for this discrepancy are discussed and an hypothesis of early intrahemispheric specialization is proposed.