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Biomedical subjects

A Velardi

Publications and source records attributed to A Velardi.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cell membrane markers and phytohemagglutinin reactivity of circulating lymphocytes from chronic myelocytic leukemia patients.

Lymphocytes from 22 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 13 treated with polychemotherapy, eight by monochemotherapy, and one untreated, were analyzed for the presence of classic T and B cell surface markers (E-rosette, EAC-rosette, surface immunoglobulins) and for their ability to respond to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The absolute number and percentage of E-rosetting cells (T-cells), EAC-rosetting cells and cells staining for surface immunoglobulins (B cells) were all significantly lower than controls (P less than or equal to 0.025). The response to PHA was also significantly lower in patients than in controls at the smaller concentrations of the mitogen (3.75 micrograms/ml, 30 micrograms/ml) tested (P less than or equal to 0.01); at a higher PHA concentration (120 micrograms/ml) the decrease in PHA stimulation approached significance (P = 0.07). These lymphocyte abnormalities support the concept that CML lymphocytes may be derived from the leukemic clone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The in vitro effect of a calf thymus extract (thymostimulin) on the immunologic parameters of patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease.

The in vitro effect of a calf thymus extract, thymostimulin (TP--1), on the E-rosette-forming capacity and on the PHA blastogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated in 20 patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease. The mean percentage of lymphocytes forming E rosettes increased in patients from 44.2% to 57.5% (P less than 0.005). The mean PHA stimulation index rose with all three concentrations tested, but returned to the normal range only with the highest PHA concentration (60 mu/ml). An increase in the immune parameters was greatest in those patients who presented with decreased E-rosetting cells of total lymphocyte counts or whose disease was Stage III or IV or of mixed cellular histology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Multiple myeloma with a sarcoidosis-like reaction.

An unusual case of multiple myeloma with extramedullary dissemination and co-existing systemic non-necrotic granulomas is described. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that both lymph node and bone marrow infiltrating plasma cells contained the same IgG-lambda type paraprotein, and that the granuloma epithelioid histiocytes contained intracytoplasmic lysozyme. As there was no evidence of either systemic infection or sarcoidosis, the non-necrotic granulomas may represent the host's response to the myeloma, not unlike the reaction observed in Hodgkin's disease or solid tumours. A causal association cannot, however, be entirely excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The in vitro effect of a calf thymus extract (thymostimulin) on T cell phenotypes in cord blood lymphocytes.

An investigation was carried out on the in vitro effect of a calf thymus extract, thymostimulin, on the distribution of T cell phenotypes as defined by OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8 murine monoclonal antibodies and on E-rosetting cells in human cord blood lymphocytes from healthy newborns. The percentages of E-rosette-forming lymphocytes and OKT3+ total T population were lower in newborns than in adults (E-rosettes: 43.8% +/- 13% vs 57.9% +/- 7.9%, p less than 0.01; OKT3+ cells: 53.3% +/- 15.5% vs 79.9% +/- 4.7%, p less than 0.01), while the OKT4+/OKT8+ (helper/suppressor) cell ratio was normal in both (newborns: 3.40; adults: 2.44-NS). Thymostimulin increased the number of E-rosette-forming cells from 43.8% +/- 13% to 49.9% +/- 12.7% (p less than 0.01), as well as the percentage of phenotypic T lymphocytes. The highest increases were observed in the OKT4+ cells (37.7% +/- 14% to 49.1% +/- 13.8%, p less than 0.001), while smaller changes were observed in the OKT3+ cells (53.3% +/- 15.5% to 58.1% +/- 13.3%, p less than 0.02) and OKT8+ cells (12.8% +/- 6.4% to 16.6% +/- 6.5%, p less than 0.02). The results of the present study suggest that thymostimulin mainly provokes an increase in the helper T cell phenotype in cord blood lymphocytes.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1981

Cell surface marker analysis in diagnosis of the early phase of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Cell surface marker analysis was carried out in 50 CLL patients; 15 were preclinical or low count, that is with a total peripheral lymphocyte count well below 15,000/cmm and little or no infiltrative syndrome. Data of the cell surface marker in these 15 patients were compared with those of 15 patients with non-neoplastic benign lymphocytosis. Monoclonal B-cell compartment proliferation was found in low count cases, with analogous immnofunctional characteristics to typical CLL. On the other hand, there was a symmetrical increase in both T and B cell compartments in non-neoplastic lymphocytosis. This suggests that cell marker analysis is a very useful diagnostic tool during the preclinical phase of CLL, as it permits it to be readily differentiated from non-neoplastic lymphocytosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Cellular immunity in patients with Hodgkin's disease: modification induced by incubating lymphocytes with fetal calf serum and Hodgkin's serum].

The capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes from fifteen patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease to form E-rosettes with sheep erytrocytes and to respond to PHA stimulation was found to be impaired in 47% of patients. When peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated overnight in culture medium containing 20% fetal calf serum, E-RFC levels and the capacity to respond to PHA returned to normal. These functions were resuppressed by additional incubation with Hodgkin's disease serum but not from normal serum. The Hodgkin's disease serum inhibited normal peripheral blood lymphocytes to form E-rosettes and to respond to PHA.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cellular and humoral immunity in psoriatic patients.

The degree of cellular immunity was found to be reduced in about 23% of 56 psoriatics, especially so in those with flexural and arthropathic lesions. Humoral immunity was only slightly reduced. Lysozyme activity levels in serum were normal, while those of healthy skin were depressed in 6 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Rosette formation test with mouse erythrocytes in chronic lymphatic leukosis: correlation with other membrane receptors].

The lymphocyte subpopulations of CLL patients have been studied. IgM and IgD membrane-associated immunoglobulins alone or in combination have been found, IgG being present in only one case. A marked increase in mouse-complement receptors (as shown by the EACt rosettes) as compared with human complement receptors (as shown by the EACa rosettes) was observed. The population of SIg-bearing lymphocytes was significantly greater than that of complement bearing lymphocytes. Moreover a mean percentage of 60.7 +/- 17 of the leukaemic lymphocytes formed rosettes with mouse red blood cells. In a significant number of patients the E-rosettes forming cells were also increased.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1978

Trimethoprim-induced elevation of dihydrofolate reductase activity in human leukocytes.

The administration of trimethoprim (TMP)--a diamino benzylpyrimidine compound which binds very tightly the bacterial dihydrofolate reductase--was accompanied by the appearance of measurable levels of dihydrofolate reductase in peripheral leukocytes from patients with nonhematological diseases. In all instances, enzyme activity rose rapidly between the fourth and eighth day after TMP. The time course of the rise and fall of dihydrofolate activity approaches cellular life span and is similar to that obtained after methotrexate or triamterene administration. Dihydrofolate reductases, partially purified from leukocytes of patients treated with TMP, bone marrow and leukemic leukocytes, had simila molecular weights, pH optima, Ki of inhibitor (methotrexate); they were stimulated to the same degree by KCl and urea. Electrophoresis of the enzyme on cellulose acetate strip resulted in the separation of two enzymatically active protein components. No differences in the electrophoretic behavior of the three blood cell enzymes were noted. The findings noted above are consistent with the suggestion that the observed rise in dihydrofolate reductase activity is a quantitative one. Moreover, the effect of TMP in vivo is discussed in comparison with the currently held hypothesis for methotrexate action (stabilization by the drug of a previously synthetized enzyme).

Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate↗
PubMed1978

Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Report of a case with pleural effusion.

A 78-year old man is presented with a characteristic case history and physical and laboratory findings typical of angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD). The disease had an acute onset with constitutional symptoms, generalized lymphadenopathy and hepato-splenomegaly. The presence of a large pleural effusion was of particular interest. Histologically the distinctive feature was a pronounced proliferation of small blood vessels and immunoblasts in the lymph nodes. Management of patient with AILD is problematic. Since AILD is a non-neoplastic process, symptomatic treatment with small doses of steroids, if necessary, would seem to be the best therapeutic approach. However, in our patient, as well as in other cases reported in the literature, a rapid and long standing (18 months so far in our case) complete remission was obtained with a short cycle of chemiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid and gallbladder motility in gallstone patients and healthy subjects.

Fasting and postprandial gallbladder volumes have been measured by sonography both in healthy subjects and gallstone patients ingesting: (a) tauroursodeoxycholic acid; (b) ursodeoxycholic acid; (c) placebo. Each bile salt was given at a dose of 10 mg kg-1. Sonography was repeated in gallstone patients fed tauroursodeoxycholic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid (10 mg kg-1 day-1) for 1 month. Gallstone patients had gallbladder stasis (increase in fasting and residual volumes) and decreased postprandial emptying. Acute ingestion of tauroursodeoxycholic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid did not modify postprandial gallbladder emptying in both groups of subjects. After one month's therapy with tauroursodeoxycholic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid, fasting gallbladder volume further increased in gallstone patients, although gallbladder emptying remained unchanged. Thus, therapeutic doses of tauroursodeoxycholic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid do not acutely modify postprandial gallbladder emptying in either healthy subjects or gallstone patients. Chronic treatment with either bile salts results in an increase in fasting gallbladder volume without interfering with the extent of postprandial gallbladder emptying.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Young Cognitive Schema Questionnaire: translation and preliminary validation].

Young (1990) proposed a clinical scale to assess personality disorders. We translated and used this scale for validation purpose in pathological (n = 113) and control (n = 54) samples. Our results reflected that Young Schema Questionnaire (SQ) has a good discrimination value between patients (Axes I and II of the DSM III-R classification) and controls. Statistical comparisons indicated significant differences between three subgroups-axis I only (n = 53), axes I and II together (n = 60), and controls (n = 54). The SQ score was the highest in the patients with personality disorders, reflecting the sensitivity of the scale to Axis II pathology. Principal component analysis (unrotated factors) showed a first factor, a failure axis (eigenvalue = 7.93), and a second factor, a narcissistic one (eigenvalue = 1.30). These two principal components explained 62% of the variance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Dissociation Questionnaire DIS-Q: preliminary results with a French-speaking Swiss population].

Vanderlinden and his collegues (1993) proposed a first european clinical scale to assess dissociative symptoms, the DIS-Q. The DIS-Q was studied in a psychiatric (n = 154) and a control (n = 65). Swiss French speaking sample. Our results reflected that The Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q) has a good criterion-related validity since it discriminates between patients (Axes I and II of the DSM IV classification) and controls. Statistical comparisons indicated significant differences between three subgroups (axis I only, n = 60; axis II only, n = 24; axes I et II together, n = 70), and controls (n = 65). The total DIS-Q score was the highest for the patients with axes I and II together. About 12% of the psychiatric sample studied obtained DIS-Q score > or = 2.5, suggesting the presence of pathological dissociative symptoms. Our results seem not to be influenced by cultural factors.

Adult↗