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Biomedical subjects

A Veselinova

Publications and source records attributed to A Veselinova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Demonstration of a reovirus in helicopter disease of broilers].

A reovirus was isolated from 5-13-day-old broiler birds with signs of the so-called helicopter disease--one of the forms of the malabsorption syndrome. A number of organs were investigated (trachea, liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, proventricular stomach, and tendon sheath of musculus gastrocnemius). The virus was isolated from the proventricular stomach and the tendon sheath in cell cultures of chick embryo kidney as well as in 5-7-day-old chick embryos inoculated in the yolk sac. The remaining organs proved virologically negative. All organs, including the primarily positive ones, were shown to be virologically negative upon the inoculation of chick embryo fibroblast cultures and of chorioallantoic membranes of 10-11-day-old chick embryos. The isolate was identified as an avian reovirus, and was denoted with the initials R-85--on the grounds of its biologic and physico-chemical properties, of its morphology (negative-contrast electron microscopy), and of its morphogenesis (ultrathin electron-microscopic cross sections). Investigated were the histopathologic changes in chick embryos inoculated with the R-85 reovirus and the pathologic changes in the liver of spontaneously affected birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Morphological changes in broilers produced by feeding antibiotics].

Morphologic studies were carried out on the liver, kidneys, and small intestine of broiler birds that had been given antibiotics with the feed (virginiamycin, 20.0 ppm, flavomycin, 4.8 ppm, and avotan, 10.0 ppm) in the course of 49 days, kept with a group of controls. The liver of the test birds showed protein and fatty dystrophy, and the kidneys--protein dystrophy. The small intestine showed thinning of the wall and increase in the villi intestinales length. The manifestation of the morphologic changes depended on the amount of the antibiotic taken in. Those of the birds that were offered flavomycin had well manifested lesions, while in birds that were given virginiamycin and avotan only the lesions were more slightly expressed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

[Histogenesis of leukemic changes in cows].

A histopathologic study was carried out on lymph nodes and viscera of 98 cows and 28 heifers that responded positively in serologic examinations for leukosis. The animals did not exhibit clinical and paraclinical symptoms, neither were there found any morphologic changes characteristic of leukosis. There existed activation and proliferation of the reticuloendothelial tissue in the sinuses of the lymph nodes. The same response was shown by the endothelium of the capillaries in visceral organs. There was also metaplasia that concerned mainly the connective tissue cells of the lymph node trabeculas as well as the adventitial cells of the vascular walls. It was considered that the infection could be manifested morphologically as a reticuloendotheliosis. By its clinical course and morphologic manifestation bovine leukosis resembles some other virus diseases that have been systematized as "delayed virus infections'.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Histochemical changes in leukemia in cattle].

Histochemical investigations were carried out to demonstrate the activity of succinic dehydrogenase, diphosphopyridine-nucleotid-diaphorase, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase in the liver, kidneys, lymph nodes, and heart muscle of a total of 20 cows with positive serologic response for leukosis as well as in organs of 2 normal controls. It was found that the lymphoid cells of the leukotic proliferations and the activated endothelial and adventitial cells of the blood vessels had high alkaline phosphatase activity and negligibly expressed acid phosphatase activity. Dehydrogenase activity was low in the lymphoid-cell proliferations and in the activated cell of the vessels. The cell metabolism of the leukotic proliferations was like-wise disturbed. Histochemical methods of investigations could be used test-like in the diagnosis of bovine leukosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Morphological changes in chickens receiving cadmium with the feed].

An experiment was carried out with a total of 100 broiler chickens of the Plymouth Rock breed. From hatching up to the 56th day of age they were offered a maize-soybean ration that was balanced in terms of nutrients and exogenically supplemented with cadmium at various rates in the form of cadmium chloride. The birds were divided into five experimental groups. The first group was given the basic ration with 2.5 mg Cd per kg of feed. The second group was given the same ration with 5 mg Cd; the third group--the same feed with 10 mg Cd; and the fourth group--the same ration with 20 mg Cd. The morphologic studies revealed that the presence of Cd in the feed led to severe dystrophic and necrotic changes accompanied with hemorrhages in the kidneys, heart muscle, and liver. Besides, the birds of the second and third group showed thinning and prolongation of villi intestinales, and those of the fourth group--shortening and thickening of the villi in the small intestine. These changes were indicative of chronic toxic lesions.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of colostral antibodies on the development of immunity in piglets immunized with live vaccine].

Pigs of sows treated with a live vaccine were in turn vaccinated with a live vaccine at different age. Part of them were challenged with a virus at 60 days of age, the remaining -- at 90 days. The pigs were kept under clinical observation, and were killed on the 10th day following challenge in order to be thoroughly investigated. It was found that the passive immunity (virus-neutralizing antibodies) in pigs of twice (live vaccine) treated sows persisted for 4 to 5 weeks after birth. It dropped steplike, however, the interference of the vaccinal virus speeded up the process -- the earlier the vaccination the faster the exhaustion of immunity. The passive immunity was found to neutralize the vaccinal virus and hamper the building of active immunity. The presence of eosinophile leukocytes in the lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen of the vaccinated pigs spoke of an immune reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Cytological and cytochemical studies of cell cultures infected with the avirulent viral mutant MK 35 of the pseudorabies virus].

Cytological and cytochemical studies were carried out of cell cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts infected with the vaccinal mutant strain MK 35 (4.8 X 10(7) PFU) of the Pseudorabies virus. It was found that the first cytologic changes in the infected cultures presented definite focal character. In the first hours of infection several rounded cells were included only, while later on an increasing number of cells were involved, and the foci grew in size. The cytoplasma of the infected cells contained inclusions which were small, spherical, basophilic, and Foelgen positive; six hours later the cytoplasmatic inclusions became larger, oval, acidophilic, surrounded by a brighter area, and were Fölgen-negative. Parallel to the cytologic changes in the infected cell cultures there set in metabolic disturbances and changes in the enzymatic activity. The infected cells showed enhanced lactate dehydrogenase, diphosphopyridin-nucleotide diaphorase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activity and suppressed succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activity. These studies were said to reveal new biologic properties of the vaccinal mutant virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Biological properties of the MK 35 mutant of Aujeszky's disease virus (Pseudorabies virus)].

Clinical, virological, and morphological studies were carried out with a total of 15 twenty-day-old pigs and 55 rabbits of 2.5 kg body weight. All were experimentally infected with a new mutant, MK 35 (3.5 x 10(7) plaque forming units) of the pseudorabies virus. The changes taking place in the test animals were followed up in their dynamics from the first to the thirtieth day after injecting the virus. No clinical signs speaking of the development of Aujeszky-s disease were noted, neither was the virus isolated from the tonsils, lungs, lymph nodes, and the central nervous system of the treated animals. Histologically, there was in the central nervous system a slightly expressed nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis which was most clearly manifested on the fourth day after the animals were infected. Later on the changes appeared to be more slightly visible, and on the 8-10th day they were no longer seen. At the 48th hour following the inoculation and up to the end of the experiment eosinophil leukocytes were present in the tonsils, lymph nodes, and spleen of all infected animals as well as within the parenchyma of the adrenal glands of the pigs only. The presence of eosinophil leukocytes in the enumerated organs of the test animals is referred to as the morphologic manifestation of immunogenesis--the result of an enhanced defense status of the host induced by the MK 35 mutant of the pseudorabic virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative pathomorphological studies of piglets infected with different strains of the pseudorabies virus].

Studied were morphologically the central nervous system and the internal organs of a total of 40 experimentally infected pigs-10 infected with the virulent strain B (5.2 C 10(6) PFU), 10 infected with the slightly virulent strain K (4.8 X 10(6) PFU), and 20 infected with the vaccinal mutant strain MK 25 (2.4 X 10(6) PFU), along with 4 control pigs. Histologically, all treated animals showed changes in the central nervous system characteristic of nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. The lesions were more strongly expressed in the pigs infected with the virulent strain. Those of the animals treated with the MK strain presented changes that were similar to the changes observed in the pigs of the remaining two groups. By intensity and size, however, they were more slightly manifested and tended toward rapid limitation and lower frequence and dimension. The animals infected with strain K mad also changes in the lungs - interstitial pneumonia of lymphohistiocytis type. Those injected with the MK 25 strain presented numerous macrophages in the tonsils and lung lymph nodes, which was referred to as the morphologic expression of immunogenesis. The morphologic differences observed in the course of Aujeszky's disease in the individual test groups of pigs were due to the varying virulence and tissue tropism of the pseudorabic virus strains used. Studies revealed that the strongly virulent strains were predominantly neurotropic, while the slightly virulent ones were to a lesser extent neurotropic but were shown to be strongly pneumotropic.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Vaccination in Aujeszky's disease on enzootic fattening farms].

An experiment was carried out on 125 pigs, originating from immune mothers on an enzootic for A. D. swine-breeding farm. The pigs were vaccinated once and twice with living vaccine MK-25 at different moments after their weaning. On the 180th after the vaccination the pigs were infected with a virulent (10(6) TCID) pseudorabies virus. They were studied clinically, serologically, virologically and pathomorphologically. It was proved that the vaccination of pigs, born by immune mothers, did not bring about the formation of a solid active immunity due to the neutralization of the vaccinal virus by the colostral immunity. A later vaccination of the pigs after the exhaustion of colostral immunity, did not lead to an increased vaccination effect, since during that period met with the persistent virus on the enzootic farm. Re-vaccination, however, created resistance of pigs to infection and a limited persistence of virulent virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Histological and ultrastructural changes in calves infected with bovine herpesvirus 2].

We studied the hide, neck knots, as well as the liver of calves infected intradermally with strain KOS-Haskovo of Bovid Herpes Virus 2. On the spot of the injection we found necrotic changes in the superficial strata of the epidermis, hydropic distrophy of St. spinosum and also eosinophil intranuclear inclusions in separate epithelial cells. Intranuclear acidophil inclusions were proved also in the macrophages of the lymph knots, whereas in the liver we found a reactive lithic micronecroses. The ontogenic cycle of development took place in the cytoplasm of the infected cell and during this process the nucleocapsid was formed in the nucleus, whereas the virion was formed in the cytoplasm with the membrane elements. It was proved that changes were due to the virus which has a wide range of alteration in the bodies of the calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Plans for using vaccination in Aujeszky's disease].

A number of clinical, serological, virological and pathomorphological investigations were carried out on pigs bred on a swine-breeding farm, enzootic with regard to AD. One hundred and forty pigs, born by mothers vaccinated with ethanol-saponin vaccine, were inoculated with different quantities of living MK-25 vaccine against AD at the moment of their weaning, as well as on the 15th, 90th and 150th days after the vaccination, were nasally infected in doses 4 cm3 with a virulent/5 x 10(6) CCIU in 1 cm3/virus. No encephalitic clinical symptoms were observed but pathomorphologically was proved a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis with the 1 dose vaccinated pigs, provoked on the 15th day after the vaccination, with those pigs used for control and vaccinated with 1 dose on 90th day and with one control pig on the 180th day. We also proved the presence of lymphohistiocyte interstitial pneumonia as well as intranuclear inclusions in the macrophages of the tonsils. A virus was isolated from the tonsils and from the lungs. Serologically was proved an increase in the titre of antibodies with all test pigs. It was proved that the passively acquired (colostrum) immunity against AD which the pigs, born by vaccinated mothers, possess neutralized the vaccinal virus and prevented the acquisition of an active immunity after vaccination. Its inhibitory action could be overcome by vaccinating with increased quantities of vaccine.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Trial of vaccination against Aujeszky's disease].

An experiment was carried out on pigs during which a passive immunity was created, similar to the colastral one, by injecting a specific for Aujeszky's disease gamma-globulin. After 48 hours the pigs were vaccinated with different quantities of living MK-25 vaccine and were checked for virus neutralizing antibodies against Aujeszky's disease. On the 90th and 180th days after the vaccination they were infected with a virulent virus (10(6) TCIU) and were checked clinically, serologically, virologically and pathomorphologically. It was proved that the pigs who had a passive immunity and were vaccinated with one dose of vaccine, did not build up a stable and active immunity after their vaccination, due to the neutralization of the vaccinal virus by passive immunity. The implementation of higher quantities of vaccine, however, overcame passive immunity and induced the build-up of active immunity after the vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Impact on the state of health of lambs fed large amounts of concentrated fodder].

Experiments were carried out with a total of 18 male lambs at the age of 5 months, included in three groups. The test period lasted 150 days during which the animals of the first group were fed daily 1200-1500 g each of pelleted concentrates, those of the second group--1200, 1300, and 3000 g of wheat straw, and the lambs of the third one--800 and 1050 g of pelleted concentrates as well as 540-720 g of pelleted whole maize plants. It was found that continuous feeding with high amounts of concentrates produced unfavourable effects on the general status of the experimental animals. Hematologically, there was increase in the hemoglobin level, the erythrocyte count, and the leukocyte count. Biochemically, the calcium-and-phosphorus metabolism was disturbed, there was a drop of the Ca level and a rise of the phosphorus level of the blood. Morphologically, dystrophic and necrotic changes were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart, and forestomach. It was concluded that higher amounts of concentrates in the diet may cause a disease status with severe, generalized symptoms due to their defective, unablanced, and physiologically inappropriate feeding.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1979

[Chemotherapeutic activity of Albendazole in experimental trichinelliasis in guinea pigs].

The chemico-therapeutical activity of albendasol was studied on 45 guinea-pigs experimentally invaded by 500 muscle trichinellae. The experimental animals were treated with the preparation on the 30th, 60th and 90th day post invasion. At the 10 mg/kg dose a 96.4% effectiveness against 30 day muscle trichinellae, 95.2% against the 60 day, and 81.2% against the 90 day trichinellae was scored, while at 20 mg/kg dose the effectiveness of the treatment was respectively 97.1, 96.3 and 88.6%. Pathomorphological and enzyme (alkaline and acid phosphatase) changes indicate that albendasol probably inactivates the inflammatory protective mechanism of the microorganism and directly participates in the parasite's cell metabolism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

[Comparative studies of the virulence of some Aujeszky's disease viral strains].

Clinical, virological, morphological, and immunofluorescence investigations were carried out on 22 pigs experimentally infected with two strains--a virulent one (V) of a 10(-3) titer, and a slightly virulent one (K) of a 10(-7) titer--of the virus of Aujeszky's disease as well as on contact pigs. Results revealed variations in the clinical and morphological manifestation of the disease in the individual groups. They were shown to be due to the strains of the virus that varied in virulence and tissue tropism. In the strain B-infected animals there were clinical symptoms characteristic of the disease, and the morphological changes in the central nervous system were of the nonsuppurative encephalitis type. The pigs infected with the K strain of the virus showed no clinical symptoms, while the contact animals manifested only respiratory troubles as well as interstitial pneumonia. It was demonstrated that the strains of slight virulence had weak nervotropic and pronounced pneumotropic characters. Complex virologic, morphologic and immunofluorescence investigations can be used for the diagnosis of the atypical forms of Aujeszky's disease and for the differentiation of the virulent from the slightly virulent strains of the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Atrophic rhinitis in swine].

Four 60-day-old pigs were experimentally infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica at a state in which the animals were clinicylly normal. A single pig only, killed on the 180th day, presented a slight deflection of septum nasi. Morphologically, there were severe dystrophic and necrotic changes in the mucosa of the conchae, the nasal cartilages as well as in the bones. The pathogen was reisolated from two of the pigs. Clinical and morphological investigations were carried out also with spontaneously affected animals, isolating Pasteurella multocida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycoplasma organisms, but not Bordetella bronchiseptic. Morphologically, there were in 37 of the pigs severe dystrophic and necrotic lesions in the nasal mucosa, cartilages, and bones. Basophilic inclusion bodies were demonstrated in the epithelial cells of the tubulous glands. It is concluded that a combined method of prophylaxis and treatment would be most effective, and of the drugs borgal has proved likewise most promising.

Animals↗