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Biomedical subjects

A Viguier

Publications and source records attributed to A Viguier.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Lipoprotein (a) and risk of ischemic stroke in young adults.

UNLABELLED: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a LDL-particle linked to apoprotein (a) [apo(a)]. High Lp(a) plasma level is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and, in older men, for ischemic stroke. The role of Lp(a) as a risk factor for ischemic stroke in young adults is uncertain. METHODS: Lp(a) concentration was prospectively measured in 100 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke (58 men and 42 women) aged 18-55 years, and in 100 controls matched for age and gender. RESULTS: The distribution of Lp(a) concentration was skewed toward the highest and median tertiles in male patients. In multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting on classical risk factors for ischemic stroke and lipid variables, Lp(a) concentration in the highest and medium tertiles compared with the lowest tertile was significantly associated with ischemic stroke in men (OR 3.55, 95% CI 1.33-9.48, p = 0.012), but was not in women (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.14-1.26, p = 0.12). Although large vessel atherosclerosis was more common in men than in women, there were no differences in Lp(a) concentration according to the cause of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: Among subjects aged 18-55 years, a slightly elevated Lp(a) concentration was strongly and independently associated with ischemic stroke in men, but not in women. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this gender-specific association.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Asymptomatic cerebral embolic signals in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia and severe aortic arch atherosclerosis.

Severe aortic arch atheroma (AAA) is a strong risk factor for ischaemic stroke, but it is unclear whether AAA is a source of cerebral emboli or simply a marker of cerebral atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of asymptomatic cerebral embolic signals (ES) in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia, AAA and no other potential source of cerebral embolism. Forty patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) were prospectively studied using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) scanning within seven days of symptom onset. Patients with a cardiac source of embolism or carotid stenosis > 50% were excluded. ES were detected in 14.3% (2/14) of patients with AAA > or = 4 mm and in no patients with AAA < 4 mm or no AAA (p=0.14). The findings suggest that ES may be associated with severe AAA but their prevalence is low in this setting.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Distance perception within near visual space.

We investigated the perception of distance of visual targets with constant size and luminance presented between 20 and 120 cm from subjects' eyes. When retinal disparity cues were present, the subjects could reproduce very accurately the distance of a seen reference in this area. When only extraretinal information was available, distance perception was still correct for distances of 40 cm or less. However, distances beyond 60 cm were underestimated. When forced to evaluate the distance between a reference and themselves, e.g. when evaluating the absolute distance or half the distance or twice the distance of a reference, subjects used an egocentric plane of reference located on average 10.4 cm in front of their eyes. Measurements of binocular eye movements indicated a clear relationship between vergence angle and target distance. The egocentric plane of reference at 10.4 cm also corresponds to the maximum achievable vergence. These results suggest that ocular convergence can be used as a reliable cue for distance within the arm's reaching space.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Malignant endovascular large-cell lymphoma: disclosing central nervous system involvement confirmed by cerebral biopsy].

Intravascular malignant lymphomatosis (IML) is characterised by proliferation of tumoral cells within small vessels. Angiotropic large cell lymphoma commonly affects the central nervous system and the skin, although any organ may be involved. Few cases are diagnosed ante mortem. We report a new case of IML in a 62-year-old woman who presented with the main clinical features of central nervous system involvement: cerebrovascular events, epileptic seizures, subacute dementia and spinal cord syndrome. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated increased periventricular signal on T2-weighted images. Diagnosis was established by brain biopsy. Despite corticosteroid and radiation therapy no improvement occurred and the patient died 14 months after the onset of the first symptoms.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1996

Electrocardiographic changes and halofantrine plasma level during acute falciparum malaria.

The aim of this study was 1) to assess the incidence of electrocardiographic changes after treatment with halofantrine and 2) to study the relationship between these changes and plasma levels of halofantrine and its main metabolite, N-desbutyl-halofantrine. Thirty-four male patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were enrolled in this study. Halofantrine was administered on two separate days at a total oral dosage of 24 mg/kg/day in three doses over a 12-hr period. The interval between the two treatments was seven days. Twelve-lead electrocardiography (ECG) was performed to measure the QT interval (QTc), ambulatory ECG monitoring was done to detect ventricular arrhythmia, signal-averaged ECG was performed to detect late ventricular potentials, and blood tests were performed to determine plasma concentrations of halofantrine and N-desbutyl-halofantrine. Maximum QTc was observed at 12 hr after both the first (P < 0.0002) and second treatments (P < 0.03). Signal-averaged ECG revealed late potentials in four cases (72 hr after the first treatment in one case and 24 hr after the second treatment in three cases). Ventricular arrhythmia was not observed. Significantly higher plasma concentrations of halofantrine were observed 2 hr after the second treatment. At this time, both the time effect and time interaction were significant (P < 0.008 and P < 0.02, respectively). The QTc interval was significantly correlated with the plasma halofantrine level (r = 0.41, P < 0.01) but not with the plasma N-desbutyl-halofantrine level (r = 0.30, not significant). In three cases, late ventricular potentials were associated with a maximum concentration of halofantrine. Our findings indicate that electrocardiographic changes are dose-dependent and that a second treatment at the same dosage may be hazardous.

Acute Disease↗