Biomedical subjects

A Viscardi

Publications and source records attributed to A Viscardi.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

Hepatoduodenal bile transit in cholecystectomized subjects. Relationship with sphincter of Oddi function and diagnostic value.

The hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time (HHDT) was evaluated in cholecystectomized subjects to assess its relationship with the motor function of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) and its diagnostic accuracy in the detection of SO dysfunction. The study was performed in asymptomatic controls and symptomatic patients with SO dysfunction before and after sphincterotomy. HHDT showed a direct correlation with manometric SO maximal basal pressure (r = 0.77; P < 0.001) but not with SO phasic activity. In sphincterotomized subjects HHDT did not differ from that of the asymptomatic subjects, and HHDT, which was prolonged before sphincterotomy, normalized after sphincterotomy. HHDT had a 100% specificity and an 83% sensitivity in diagnosing SO dysfunction when compared to SO manometry. In conclusion, the cholescintigraphic HHDT is mainly related to the SO maximal basal pressure, presenting an elevated specificity and a satisfactory sensitivity in the diagnosis of SO dysfunction in cholecystectomized subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Role of body position, gender, and age on pelvic floor location and mobility.

The location and mobility of pelvic floor in different body positions and their relation to age and gender was assessed in 117 patients (19 men, 98 women, age range 10-77 years) with chronic nonorganic constipation (defined as less than three bowel movements per week for at least three years) by means of defocography. Eleven females (age range 16-69 years), without gastrointestinal symptoms, affected by noninvasive carcinoma of the cervix represented a control group. Pelvic floor location was measured as the distance in centimeters of the anorectal junction from the pubococcygeal line; pelvic floor mobility was measured during squeezing, straining, and defecation assuming the pelvic location at rest as zero reference. Pelvic floor location and mobility did not differ between controls and constipated patients. In both groups pelvic floor location at rest was significantly higher (P = 0.001) with patients lying down than sitting up, whereas pelvic floor mobility during squeezing was greater with the patients sitting up than lying down (P = 0.003). In both positions, pelvic floor location at rest was significantly lower (P = 0.01) in females than in males. Pelvic floor mobility during squeezing was significantly different between gender. Parity and hysterectomy did not appear to affect pelvic floor location. Data emerging from this study indicate that body position is one of the major determinants of the pelvic floor location.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Quantitative cholescintigraphy in the assessment of choledochoduodenal bile flow.

Quantitative cholescintigraphy has been proposed as a noninvasive method to assess function of the sphincter of Oddi in cholecystectomized subjects. The present study evaluated several quantitative cholescintigraphic variables to assess their time-related variability as well as their capability to detect delay of choledochoduodenal bile flow. Cholescintigraphy with 2,6-diethylphenylcarbahoylmethyl diacetic acid 99mTc was performed in 24 cholecystectomized patients with recurrent biliary-like pain, laboratory evidence of bile stasis, normal hepatocellular function tests, and no evidence of choledocholithiasis. The study was also performed in 26 asymptomatic cholecystectomized subjects and repeated at 2-week intervals during identical experimental conditions in 10 of them. Of the following quantitative cholescintigraphic variables investigated, (a) hepatic T peak, (b) 50% hepatic retention (T peak, 1/2), (c) percent hepatic retention at 30 minutes, (d) percent hepatic retention at 40 minutes, (e) vein-hepatic hilum transit time, (f) vein-duodenum transit time, and (g) hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time, only the hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time showed a statistically significant correlation between the duplicate studies. Only vein-duodenum transit time and hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time discriminated the symptomatic from the asymptomatic patients; of the two variables, however, hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time showed less intrasubject variability and no overlap between the two groups of patients. Hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time showed a positive linear correlation with the maximum diameter of the choledochus. It is concluded that in cholecystectomized patients, the hepatic hilum-duodenum transit time appears to detect a delay of bile flow into the intestine better than any other cholescintigraphic variable. However, in patients with a dilated common bile duct, this variable cannot discriminate bile flow delay due to increased choledochal capacity and/or obstruction of the sphincter of Oddi.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Manometric measurement of human sphincter of Oddi length.

Length of biliary (CBD) and/or pancreatic (PD) sphincter of Oddi (SO) was measured during perendoscopic or intraoperative manometry in 21 control subjects and in 46 patients with biliary disease. When the high resting pressure (HPZ) and the phasic wave zone (PAZ) were considered, SO length was, in the control group, 9.5 +/- 0.5 mm (M +/- SE) and 9.4 +/- 0.6 mm at the level of the CBD-SO, and 7.7 +/- 0.6 mm and 6.9 +/- 0.5 mm at the level of the PD-SO. The physiological sphincter length appeared substantially shorter than the anatomical one, as reported in the literature. No significant differences were found between controls and patients with CBD stones. Endoscopic sphincterotomy without manometry reduced mean sphincter length length of the sphincterotomy was tailored to the manometric findings. Surgical partial sphincterotomy reduced sphincter length by only 46.7 +/- 10.3%.

Adult↗

PubMed1985