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Biomedical subjects

A Voloshin

Publications and source records attributed to A Voloshin.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The influence of walking speed on dynamic loading on the human musculoskeletal system.

PURPOSE: A study was conducted to investigate the effects of walking speed on the magnitude of the heel strike initiated shock waves that propagate throughout the human musculoskeletal system. METHODS: Subjects walking on a treadmill at various speeds were used to acquire the experimental data regarding the heel strike-initiated shock waves. Fifteen young healthy men participated in this study. Each one walked on the treadmill at five various speeds, and their associated cadences, while the heel strike induced shock waves were recorded at the tibial tuberosity for each speed during a 16-s period at a sampling rate of 1 kHz. RESULTS: The obtained data reveal a significant increase in the dynamic loading experienced by the human musculoskeletal system with an increase in the walking speed. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the recorded acceleration suggests that an increase in walking speed contributes to an increase in dynamic loading on the human musculoskeletal system. Further, the evidence indicates that dynamic loading increases with the increase in speed at five times the rate of the ground reaction force increase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A comparison of the effect of shoes on human tibial axial strains recorded during dynamic loading.

Percutaneous axial extensometers were mounted on the medial cortex of the midtibial diaphysis in seven male volunteers and the effect of three different shoes on in vivo peak-to-peak axial compression-tension strains measured during dynamic loading. Zohar shoes had lower axial strains and strain rates during treadmill walking than Nike Air Max running shoes or Israeli infantry boots. During running on a running track, there was no statistically significant difference between the axial strains or strain rates between the shoes tested. Shoe gear can modify tibial strains and strain rates that contribute to the development of tibial stress fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prevention of overuse injuries of the foot by improved shoe shock attenuation. A randomized prospective study.

In a randomized prospective study among 390 recruits, the hypothesis that improved shoe shock attenuation could lessen the incidence of overuse injuries was tested. During the 14 weeks of training, 90% of the recruits sustained overuse injuries. Recruits training in a modified basketball shoe had a statistically significant lower incidence of metatarsal stress fractures and foot overuse injuries, compared with standard infantry boots, but their overall incidence of overuse injuries was not reduced. The effect of improved shoe shock attenuation was limited to those overuse injuries resulting from vertical impact loads.

Elasticity↗
PubMed1988

Musculoskeletal demands on flamenco dancers: a clinical and biomechanical study.

The flamenco dancer acts on the floor like a drummer. The percussive footwork and vibration patterns created during dancing impose unusual demands on the musculoskeletal system. This study investigated the clinical and biomechanical aspects of this task. Using the electrodynogram and skin-mounted accelerometers, foot pressures as well as hip and knee vibrations were recorded in 10 female dancers after a thorough clinical evaluation. A health questionnaire was also distributed to 29 dancers. Foot pressures and acceleration data reveal the percussive nature of the dance. Some clinical findings, like calluses, are related to pressure distribution. Urogenital disorders, as well as back and neck pain, may be related to the vibrations generated by the flamenco dance form. The hip joint seems to absorb most of the impacts. "Vibration-pressure" diagrams are suggested as a useful tool for evaluating a dancer's biomechanical behavior, as well as the effect of floors and footwear on this behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cyclic impacts on heel strike: a possible biomechanical factor in the etiology of degenerative disease of the human locomotor system.

The cyclic impacts induced by heel strike when walking were studied using both a high-resonance-frequency force plate and a low-mass skin-mounted accelerometer. The data were computer analyzed. The results showed that during normal human walking, the locomotor system is subjected to repetitive impact loads at heel strike, lasting about 5 ms and consisting of frequency spectra up to and above 100 Hz. The natural shock-absorbing structures in the musculoskeletal system have viscoelastic time-dependent mechanical behavior, which is relatively ineffective in withstanding sudden impulsive loads. Degenerative joint diseases may thus be seen as a late clinical result of fatigue failure of the natural shock absorbers, submitted to deleterious impacts over a period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Fracture fixation by using vibration absorbers.

During recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the importance of cyclic stresses or bone microstructure and bone/implant interaction. Use of rigid fixation often leads to loosening and reduction of the bone cortex strength under the rigid plate. This presentation discusses a new approach to the design of shock-absorbing bone fixation devices along with the supporting clinical experience. Even though this discussion concerns only preliminary results, it should stimulate orthopaedic researchers to think about alternative approaches for developing internal fixation devices.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1982

An in vivo study of low back pain and shock absorption in the human locomotor system.

In this second of three papers, the principles of a non-invasive in vivo method to quantitatively evaluate the shock absorbing capacity of the human musculoskeletal system and the correlation of this shock absorbing capacity with low back pain (LPB) symptoms are presented. The experiments involved patients suffering from low back pain (as well as other degenerative joint diseases) and healthy patients. The obtained results reveal that low back pain correlates with the reduced capacity of the human musculoskeletal system between the femoral condyle and the forehead to attenuate incoming shock waves. Examination of the absolute values of the amplitude of the propagated waves leads to the conclusion that the human locomotor system, which possesses reduced attenuation capacity, tries to prevent overloading of the head from insufficiently attenuated shock waves. Results of the present investigation support the idea that the repetitive loading resulting from gait generates intermittent waves that propagate through the entire human musculoskeletal system from the heel up to the head. These waves are gradually attenuated along this course by the natural shock absorbers (bone and soft tissues). Contemporary methods for examination of the human musculoskeletal system may by improved by using the proposed non-invasive in vivo technique for quantitative characterization of the locomotor system's shock absorbing capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Force wave transmission through the human locomotor system.

A method to measure the capability of the human shock absorber system to attenuate input dynamic loading during the gait is presented. The experiments were carried out with two groups: healthy subjects and subjects with various pathological conditions. The results of the experiments show a considerable difference in the capability of each group's shock absorbers to attenuate force transmitted through the locomotor system. Comparison shows that healthy subjects definitely possess a more efficient shock-absorbing capacity than do those subjects with joint disorders. Presented results show that degenerative changes in joints reduce their shock absorbing capacity, which leads to overloading of the next shock absorber in the locomotor system. So, the development of osteoarthritis may be expected to result from overloading of a shock absorber's functional capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of artificial shock absorbers on human gait.

The effect of artificial shock absorbers on the human gait and the technique for its quantitative evaluation have been studied. The results obtained have shown that viscoelastic inserts reduced the amplitude of the incoming shock waves bearing upon the musculoskeletal system as a result of the heel strike, by 42 percent (mean value). Conservative treatment, using such inserts for patients with different clinical symptoms of degenerative joint diseases, has shown excellent results. Seventy-eight percent of the clinical symptoms disappeared, while satisfactory improvement was reported in 17 percent of the subjects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Normal foot--ground pressure pattern in children.

A modern measuring aid for recording foot--ground pressure (FGP) distribution was used to establish normal patterns in male and female children aged 4 to 6 years. Computer analysis demonstrated the pressure exerted by each part of the foot. Standing at ease, the child with a normal foot exerts most of his ground pressure by the posterior weight-bearing area (WBA). The rest is distributed between the middle and anterior WBAs, with the middle portion exerting no more than 10% of the total foot--ground pressure. The advantage of this measuring system is that once a normal FGP has been established, it can serve as an important diagnostic aid and an accurate guide for deciding on appropriate conservative or surgical treatment of the feet of young children.

Child↗