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Biomedical subjects

A W Gargiulo

Publications and source records attributed to A W Gargiulo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Identification of Langerhans cells in human gingival epithelium.

The purpose of this study was to qualitatively compare three recent techniques of Langerhans cells detection in oral epithelium and to quantitatively compare Langerhans cells in clinically normal and clinically inflamed human gingival biopsies. Eleven subjects were selected who displayed chronic periodontitis and moderate gingival inflammation. A quadrant associated with clinically inflamed tissues was not treated, while the remaining teeth were scaled and root-planed. Two gingival biopsies were taken: clinically normal, treated tissue; and clinically inflamed, untreated tissue. Langerhans cells were stained using HLD-DR, S-100 and OKT6. They were quantitated using a standard grid for OKT6-stained sections only. Approximately 5 times as many Langerhans cells were identified in the biopsy specimens of clinically inflamed human gingiva as in clinically normal gingiva of the same patient. Of the methods studied, OKT6 was qualitatively determined to be the best for visualization of these cells. An immunologic role in the host response to chronic periodontal disease is postulated for Langerhans cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lectin binding to oral squamous carcinoma.

Ten benign epithelial hyperplasias, ten invasive squamous carcinomas, and one each of verrucous carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the oral mucosa were examined immunoenzymatically using biotinylated lectins and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to localize glycoconjugates in the epithelial cells. All of the lectins intercellularly bind to benign and malignant epithelial cells. Also, lectins bind to the cytoplasm of the basal cells and all layers of carcinoma in situ. Verrucous carcinoma shows a similar binding as does the benign epithelial hyperplasia. However, in invasive squamous carcinoma some nests and individual invasive cells show intense cytoplasmic binding and a loss of cell surface binding to lectins, especially with Con A, and may be a marker for invasive potential of squamous carcinoma.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1981

Gingivitis induced by gingival impaction in monkeys.

Impaction of the gingival sulcus with elastic bands deforms the gingival sulcus, forming a surface for growth of bacterial plaque, compresses and causes necrosis of surface epithelium and the subjacent lamina propria. The teeth become extruded and make premature contact with their apposing teeth. During mastication, forces applied to extruded teeth probably contribute to their displacement, resulting in their mobility. An inflammatory process commences within 3 days and becomes clinically evident by 7 days. The gingival becomes red-magenta in color and is slightly hemorrhagic. Pockets 4 to 6 min. in depth form within 1 week and remain as long as the impacted substance occupies the space between the tooth and the sulcus epithelium. Removal of the impacted substance results in prompt repair, with complete restoration within 3 weeks. Such repair may be by an epithelial attachment rather than by a fibrous periodontal ligament.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Activated macrophages in human periodontitis.

Fifteen patients, eight males and seven females, ranging from 30 to 88 years of age with advanced periodontal disease were selected for this study. Biopsies and blood samples were taken of both normal and inflamed gingival tissues, and processed for detection of nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase activity in monocytes and macrophages. Activated macrophages, as indicated by their intense reaction to acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase, were found in the gingival epithelium, lamina propria, perivascular tissues and in the blood vessels in human chronic periodontitis. Blood smears of monocytes showed variability of stain intensity suggesting that their activation occurred in blood vessels where they marginate and emigrate into the perivascular tissues in chronic periodontitis. They then appear as macrophages that migrate through the connective tissue, penetrate the basement membrane and continue through the epithelium. The nonspecific esterase stain identified T-cells, by a singular dot-like granule, and plasma cells by multiple granules in the cytoplasm. Lymphocytes containing multiple cytoplasmic nonspecific esterase positive granules commonly were found only in the perivascular connective tissue and may represent B-cell differentiation to plasma cells. The plasma cell predominance, the presence of T-cells and activated macrophages indicated both humoral and cell-mediated responses are operative in human chronic periodontitis.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Insulin I125 distribution within oral tissues.

The localization of insulin I125 in oral tissues of the rat was investigated. Eight rats were made chemically diabetic in order to study the tissue distribution of insulin I125. Two nondiabetic control animals were also injected with the tracer. Another animal served as a complete control (i.e., not injected with either the diabetic inducer or insulin I125). Additional controls were sections of thyroid and liver. Experimental rats were sacrificed at preselected time intervals and autoradiographic procedures were performed subsequent to conventional histologic studies. Qualitative grain counts were made of each slide in order to compare with the background count. All oral tissues studied except dentin showed insulin I125 uptake.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1978

Immunoglobulins and complement in human periodontitis.

The gingiva in human periodontitis shows IgG, IgM, and C3 suggesting an antigen-antibody response binding and activating complement. The irregular distribution of the fluorescence on the basement membrane suggests binding of antigen-antibody complexes.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

The effects of hypophysectomy upon DNA synthesis in rat oral epithelium.

Ten hypophysectomized and 10 normal female albino rats, 50-days-old, were kept for 5 days and treated with tritiated thymidine 1 hour before sacrifice of the animals. The animals were weighed and the histomorphology of the palate epithelium was studied including the thickness, cell density, and DNA labeling index. The hypophysectomized rats failed to gain weight after 5 days. The palatal epithelium showed a normal morphology indicating the hypophysectomy allowed for differentiation of squamous epithelium. There was a significant reduction in the thickness of the epithelium and a reduced cell density. This was attributed to a significant decrease in DNA synthesis. The epithelial cells were lost from the surface without adequate replacement due to an expected depression in mitotic activity. DNA synthesis may be depressed due to reduced ATP synthesis resulting from suboptimal glucose metabolism and depression in protein synthesis.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Allogeneic iliac transplants in rhesus monkeys. A sequential histologic study.

Fresh and frozen allogeneic iliac grafts were used in surgically prepared intraosseous defects. Four adult rhesus monkeys provided 19 specimens from 0 to 56 days postoperative. There were 8 specimens for each type of graft and 3 others used as controls. Histologic sections from each specimen were prepared and a description of the sequential healing events was given. The similarities and differences in repair were discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique were analyzed and insight into their clinical applications was provided. No significant difference was observed in the sequential healing of the fresh and frozen allogeneic bone grafts, and both allografts induced a more rapid osseous regeneration than the controls. The fresh and frozen allogeneic transplants were accepted by the host as was evidenced by the involucrum formations.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1976

Xenogeneic implants in primates. Collagen and chondroitin sulfate.

This study was undertaken to examine histologically, in monkeys, the sequential healing phenomena of created two-walled osseous defects, which have been corrected by purified collagen and a mixed isomer of chondroitin sulfate. Four adult rhesus monkeys were used as experimental models and provided 23 specimens, from 0 to 56 days postoperatively. Sixteen of these served as implant specimens, and seven served as control specimens in which defects were corrected by curettage only. Two types of implant materials were utilized. The implants were compatible with osteogenesis. The two implant materials themselves did not differ in the healing events.

Alveolar Process↗