Biomedical subjects

A W Hoadley

Publications and source records attributed to A W Hoadley.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1979

Heat-stable somatic antigens of a group of unclassified fluorescent pseudomonads (UFP).

(i) Isolates belonging to a group of unclassified fluorescent pseudomonads (UFP) are similar to Pseudomonas aeruginosa not only in cultural behaviour but also in basic serological properties of their somatic antigens. Living bacteria and cultures subjected to prolonged heating at 100 degrees C or above agglutinated readily in homologous O serum, whereas after exposure to 60 degrees C, ethanol, saturated sodium chloride and formalin the cells of both species became practically inagglutinable. Surface factors inhibiting the agglutination of living bacteria in O sera being absent, the slide technique was chosen as a routine method for the serological grouping of UFP. (ii) The O antigens of UFP were different in serological specificity from those of P. aeruginosa: the two organisms were related only by minor "common" antigens detectable with bacteria heated at 130 degrees C. One hundred and ten out of 115 UFP isolates were classified into 17 serological groups; O groups 2, 5, 10, 12 and 16 were each further divided into two subgroups. Five isolates reacted in several sera or were unstable. (iii) Serological grouping of UFP is reproducible and adequate for the tracing of isolates and may be helpful for a rapid differentiation of the organism from P. aeruginosa.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed1977

Disinfection.

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Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1976

Fluorescent pseudomonads capable of growth at 41 degrees C but distinct from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

One hundred and twenty-seven apyocyanogenic fluorescent Pseudomonas strains capable of growth at 41 degrees C, but differing from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were typed serologically and tested for pyocin production, antibiotic susceptibility, selected biochemical reactions, and utilization of selected substrates. Results were compared with those from 40 apyocyanogenic and 14 pyocyanin-producing strains of P. aeruginosa. Unidentified fluorescent Pseudomonas (UFP) strains generally were not agglutinated by P. aeruginosa antisera and showed little or no pyocin activity. In contrast to P. aeruginosa strains, UFP strains usually failed to oxidize D-gluconate or reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas. They could not use D-gluconate or D-mannitol as sole carbon source and were susceptible to kanamycin. The cellular fatty acid compositions of major UFP groups resembled those of the alcaligenes-stutzeri groups.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1976

Pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroup 11 and pool-associated skin rash.

The isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, serogroup 11, from the skin lesions of bathers and from public whirlpools during outbreaks of pool-associated rash illness raises the question of whether the association is an etiologic one and if so what accounts for it. We suggest that a particular environmental adaptation of some strains of Pseudomonas and certain virulence factors they possess may enhance their pathogenic potential.

Disease Outbreaks↗

PubMed1976

Disinfection.

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Chlorides↗

PubMed1976

Transferable drug resistance associated with coliforms isolated from hospital and domestic sewage.

The incidence of antibiotic-resistant fecal coliforms in raw and treated hospital and municipal wastes was investigated to determine whether such wastes may serve as reservoirs for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance transfer factors. Multiple resistance occurred in 87.8% of isolates from hospital and 42.6% of isolates from municipal wastes. Antibiotic resistance was transferable to Escherichia coli and Salmonella cholerae-suis recipient strains from 62.3% of resistant isolates from hospital and 90.9% of resistant isolates from municipal wastes, and from 56.2% of all isolates from hospital and 45.9% of all isolates from municipal wastes. Numbers of multiply-resistant fecal coliforms decreased during passage through a sewage treatment plant, but their proportion did not change appreciably, although proportions exhibiting resistance to 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 drugs decreased. A study of transfer in sewage indicated that transfer of resistance from donors present in sewage to pathogenic Salmonella strains can occur under appropriate conditions. The data suggest that both raw and treated wastes, and especially those from hospitals, may serve as reservoirs for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and transferable resistance in the environment.

Ampicillin↗

PubMed1975

External otitis among swimmers and nonswimmers.

Studies were undertaken between the summers of 1970 and 1974 to determine the effects of swimming on the incidence of external otitis and on the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from infected outer ears. The frequency of "earaches" reported by swimmers during a telephone survey conducted during the summer of 1971 was 2.4 times the frequency reported by nonswimmers. Furthermore, the risk of a swimmer acquiring external otitis, determined from reports of outer-ear infections received from physicians during the same period, was approximately five times as great as the risk to nonswimmers. Swimming also increased the risk of P aeruginosa involvement in otitis externa, and reported infections among swimmers tended to be more severe than infections among nonswimmers.

Environmental Exposure↗

PubMed1975

Preliminary studies of fluorescent pseudomonads capable of growth at 41 C in swimming pool waters.

During the summer of 1973 cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other fluorescent pseudomonads capable of growth at 41 C were obtained from swimming pool waters at a training center for the mentally retarded. Isolates were subjected to selected physiological tests, pyocine typing, and immunotyping. High counts of P. aeruginosa or other fluorescent pseudomonads consisted mainly of single predominant types. Both P. aeruginosa strains and unidentified fluorescent Pseudomonas strains predominated in pool waters at different times.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗