Biomedical subjects

A W Kane

Publications and source records attributed to A W Kane.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Risk behavior associated with the manipulation of dental amalgam in Senegal].

Dental amalgam is a combination of mercury, silver, tin and copper used in the treatment of the dental decays. Amalgam is used in dentistry since many years. Actually a large discussion held according to environmental pollution and risk of intoxication for the patient and the dentist himself. The aim of our survey concerning 103 dentists was to determine the quantity of mercury used in a year, to see the risks linked with the equipment and the manipulation of amalgam and to study the incoming of the trashes of amalgam. Our results showed that among the dentists: 44.66% used 250 to 500 g of mercury by year, 14.56% used their hands for insertion of amalgam in the cavities, 10.68% used their hands for condensation of amalgam in the cavities, 87.38% throw their amalgam on the trash.

Dental Amalgam↗

PubMed2005

[Prevalence and etiologic factors of non-carious cervical lesions. A study in a Senegalese population].

The non carious cervical lesion (NCCL) is a loss of tooth tissue at the neck of affected teeth that is unrelated to tooth decay. They are commonly encountered in clinical practice and present in a variety of forms. The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of the NCCL in a Senegalese population. From 655 patients, 112 with cervical lesions were identified i.e. a global prevalence of 17.10%. The prevalence rate for abrasion was reported to be 77.70%, 12.50% for abfraction and 9.80% for erosion. Etiological factors were studied for abrasion and erosion. 54% of the patients with abrasion used their toothbrush horizontally. For erosion, only external factors were identified: consumption of acidic drinks (9 patients) or alcohol (1 patient) and professional environment (1 patient). Dentists should consider these lesions in their daily practice.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Apical foramen position on mesio buccal root of the maxillary first molar. Study in Senegalese population].

The maxillary first molar is submitted to frequent endodontic treatment and more over, it presents the highest failure rates, often in relation with his mesio-buccal root. Several studies about failures factors showed implication of root canal anatomy often in relation with the frequency of second canal. However, other failures factors, as the foramen situation, which is very important in endodontic practice, could increase the failure rate. The aim of this study was to determine the foramen situation in Senegalese people. The results showed 63.85% of excentric foramina (83 out of 130). 86% of excentric foramina were located at 1.5mm radiology apex.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Prevalence of non carious dental lesions in the department of Dakar].

Non carious dental lesions are destructions of dental external surfaces originating from non bacterial cause in opposition to dental caries. We distinguish 5 types of non carious dental lesions: attrition, abrasion, abfraction, erosion and demastication. These lesions may be pathological or physiological. Data dealing with them are not very numerous in the literature. Their study shows a real interest in conservative dentistry because of problems both aesthetic and functional they set We carried out an epidemiological trial in the department of Dakar with as aim providing data on the prevalence of these lesions. Our results have disclosed the following rates of prevalence: 60% of attrition, 25,55% of abrasion, 7,22% of abfraction, 5,55% of demastication and 1,68% of erosion. The results indicate once more the importance of the need for clinical evaluation of those dental lesions.

Female↗

PubMed2004

[Asepsis and antisepsis in dental offices in Dakar].

To evaluate hygiene in dental offices in Dakar, the authors questioned 64 public, private and semi-private dentists. From 62 practitioners who completed their questionnaire, it appeared that the dry-heated sterilizer (poupinel) was 5 times more used than the autoclave; The almost practitioners sayed respecting the sterilisation process and 66% of them said wearing gloves, masks and glasses during interventions. In spite of the hope these results give, this study is limited because it doesn't take into account many aspects of asepsis and antisepsis in dental office which require a rigorous application next to a personal who needs to be better trained.

Decontamination↗

PubMed2002

[Clinical study of alveolites and their treatment in multiple practice].

The alvéolite is an post-extractionnel accident, very frequent, unforeseeable, characterized by a deterioration of the physiological process of formation of the clot and occurring as well at the healthy subject at the degenerate. The objective of this work is to make an exploratory study on the cases of alvéolites which have occurred in three structures of odontological care in Dakar between October 2000 and June 2001. We studied the clinical and therapeutic aspects alveolites among 55 patients having undergone 168 extractions. On the whole 68 cases of alveolites were indexed including 18 suppurées forms and 50 dry forms. The alveolite was occured among 44 women and 11 men and the section of age which most touched ranges between 20 and 29 ans (51 %). The evoked factors etiologic are multiples(taken oral contraceptives, use of vasoconstricteurs. technical of extraction etc?). The treatment is local by type of antiseptic paste and general with base of antibiotic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. We don't have real coding of the treatment. The prevention remains the best attitude and consists with: - To carry out the acte operational with a rigorous asepsis - To avoid the inopportune instrumental traumatisms - To Irrigate the bone in permnance during the utilisation of rotary instruments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Food habits and oral hygiene of students. Investigation of 150 students in university housing].

The objective of this study is to describe the food intake and the oral hygiene habits of 150 Senegalese students living in a university campus. According to Miller, we realised a four days survey. We noted an increase of sugar drinks; tea is the most consumed drink. The results showed also that the toothbrush as means of oral hygiene supplanted the traditional means such as "cure dents" or water rinse with finger.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Oral hygiene habits and dental caries among students. Investigation of 150 students in university housing in Dakar, Senegal].

The objective of this study is to describe the oral hygiene habits and the status of the teeth decay of 150 senegalese students living in a university campus. The results showed that the toothbrush as mean of oral hygiene supplanted the traditional means such as "cure dents" or water rinse with finger. Results showed also a high rate decay (60%) but the CAO index remained low (2.04%). We founded an improvement of dental decay status with an increasing daily number of tooth brushing: we noted a decreasing dental plaque deposition rate, a decreasing decay rate and a CAO index remaining low until adult age.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[Pain in pediatric dentistry: etiology and management].

From January 1998 to January 1999, 458 files of 2 to 15 years old patients have been collected to indexthe different causes of pain in pediatric dentistry and to record the treatments applied to face that. It arises from this study that BAUME category II takes up from as far to the first place (77.7 %) followed by the category III (2.3) with a notable difference which nevertheless, can be explained by the transient nature of this category in the child. However, according to our study, pain abolition doesn't exclusively depend on drugs, some surgical procedures are indispensable. At the end of this study, it is to retain that, in spite of the importance typically dental pain, the problem of pain in pediatric dentistry must be approached in a entire sight.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Taurodontism and the pyramidal tooth at the level of the molar. Prevalence in the Senegalese population 15 to 19 years of age].

This study was done to establish the prevalence of taurodontism and pyramidal molars in Senegalese people using the criteria of SCHIFFFMAN and CHANANNEL for taurodontism and the criteria of BRABANT for pyramidal molar, the first and second molars on the panoramic radiograph of 150 consecutive 15-19 year-old Senegalese people were assessed. Results have shown that taurodontism and pyramidal molars were present in 48.6% of patients (20% of teeth). Taurodontism was present in 48% (18.8% of teeth) of patients whereas prevalence of pyramidal molar was 4.6% (1.6% of teeth). Taurodontism was alone in 91.6% of case while pyramidal molar was alone in 8.6% of case.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Prevalence of taurodontism at the level of the molar in the black Senegalese population 15 to 19 years of age].

This study was done to establish the prevalence of taurodontism using the criteria of SCHIFMAN and CHANANNEL, the first and second molars on the panoramic radiograph of 150 consecutive 15-19 year-old Senegalese people were assessed. Results have shown that taurodontism was present in 48% of patients (18.8% of teeth). Taurodontism was greater in females (% compared % in male) but the difference was not significantly, it was found that was significantly greater in the maxillary and in the second molar.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[A clinical study of composite restorations in anterior teeth using the Ryge criteria. Apropos of 120 cases performed at the University Hospital Center in Dakar].

In this two years retrospective study the authors determined the rate of survival composite restorations and evaluated clinically the remaining restorations by the Public Health Service (P.H.S.) criteria of Ryge. These restorations were performed by students using Heliomolar composite with scotchbond 2 adhesive dentin system. Results have shown that after two years, 98 (81.67%) out of 120 restorations were present and 51.2% were still working. Clinical evaluation of the remaining restorations needed replacement mainly because of severe color mismatch. Anatomic form and marginal adaptation were well scored after two years (score Alpha or Bravo). This study has shown that composite material is a valuable and effective technology for conservative treatment of anterior teeth in Senegal to avoid tooth extractions and prosthetic. However the knowledge about the type of composite material used must be improved and the operative procedures should be more controlled.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed2000

[Point of contact and cervical-proximal margin of occlusal-proximal restorations using amalgam. A clinical evaluation].

The occluso-proximal restorations should restore a coronary morphology permitting a normal physiology. The radiological evaluation of 55 occluso-proximal restorations with the amalgam done by 4th and 5th years students at the Odonto-Stomatology Institute, and judged clinically acceptable, has shown 63,63% of incorrect restorations with faults: of inter-dental contact (absence of contact or large contact area) and of cervico-proximal limit (hiatus or excess. The identified iatrogenic faults come from choice of matrixing material in accordance with the clinical situation, to use of separators or inter-dental wedges. The radiographic control of these restorations has permit an immediate correction of excesses and some big areas of contacts, by improving appreciably the success score (up to 20% without re-doing the obstrusion with the amalgam). The retro-alveolar radiography is a clinical evaluation instrument for a better periodontal integration of occlusoproximal restorations in the biological space and inter-proximal space.

Bicuspid↗

PubMed2000

[Pain in intracanal treatment. A clinical study apropos of 150 cases].

This study was conducted to determine the incidence of pain during and after root canal treatment. Complete debridement and root canal preparation was performed in first visit. The frequency of pain was recorded and evaluated in 150 patients receiving root canal treatment. Results has shown that incidence of pain was 6.66% root canal preparation in vital teeth and 21% in non-vital teeth (necrosis). Post-obturation pain occurred in 18.75% for vital teeth and 13.15% non-vital teeth (necrosis).

Chi-Square Distribution↗

PubMed2000

[Delayed root canal therapy. Data on the frequency and complications].

This retrospective study of 118 teeth receiving root canal treatment was conducted to determine the frequence and complications of delayed root canal treatment. Teeth were categorised into prompt treatment group and delayed treatment group according to the length time of treatment; prompt treatment group was defined as a group where root canal treatment was achieved within a period of 4 months or less, and delayed treatments group, a group where period of treatment was greater than 4 months or where canals were never obturated. Two types of complications were studied: postobturation pain and fracture involving tooth extration. The results of this study have shown that 34.5% of treatments were delayed. In this group we found also a higher rate of fractures involving tooth extraction, but the difference was not significant. The results have also shown that disappearance of pain was the essential factors in the frequence of delayed treatment, but the dental chair breakdown had some responsability. As well as in the two groups, the first reason of extractions was fracture and not pain. These results emphasize the necessity of focusing the patient's motivation on the risk of losing the tooth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Caries prevalence in 12-year-old schoolchildren in Senegal in 1989 and 1994.

Senegal, in middlewest Africa, has an estimated area of 197,000 km2 with a population of about 8.3 million of whom 45 per cent are less than 14-years of age. Apart from densely populated areas around the capital, Dakar, and other large towns, the population is scattered sparsely in rural areas. In the absence of any recent and representative oral health data, two cross-sectional studies on caries prevalence were conducted in 1989 and 1994 respectively to assess and compare the caries status among 12-year-old schoolchildren living in the urban and rural areas of Senegal. The results of the study are presented in this paper.

Child↗

PubMed1999

[Importance of the number of treatment sessions in the success of root canal therapy].

Root canal therapy is usually performed in single or multiple-visit treatment. The choice of single or multiple visit depend on dentist and patient available time. In general dentistry, multiple-visit is widely chosen by dentist whereas endodontic speciality recommend single-visit. In this study we analyzed 120 root canal therapy performed by students, to determine the number of visits needed to achieve treatment from endodontic-cavity-access to root canal filling and its possible, influence in the successful rate. Results showed that globally, 60% of treatments were performed in multiple-visit. Results showed also hat 89.3% of anteriors teeth were performed in single-visit but there is a higher rate of fail: 31.78%. Nevertheless, these results do not condemn endodontic single visit therapy.

Female↗

PubMed1999

[Incidence of postoperative pain in single session root canal therapy (study in black senegalese apropos of 96 cases)].

This prospective study was conducted during a period of 30 days in 96 patients to determine the incidence of postobturation pain after single-visit root canal treatment in black Senegalese people. The canals of all teeth were hand-prepared and filled with zinc-oxide-eugenol paste by a Lentulo spiral paste filler. Patients were asked to categorize their pain according to the following criteria: No pain, Slight pain, Moderate pain and Severe pain. The data were analysed statically with chi-square test to determine the relationship, if any, between the pain experienced and sex, age, tooth type, apical level of root filling and number of treatment performed in the single-visit. Results show that eighteen patients experienced pain (18.75%); our results are ranging between 10% and 25% described in the literature. No significant correlation was found between postobturation pain and any other factor with the exception of the apical length of canal filling. Characteristics of postobturation pain after root canal treatment performed in single-visit in Senegalese people presents the same features as described in international papers, that is, pain appears early and analgesic therapy is effective.

Black People↗