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A Wegmann

Publications and source records attributed to A Wegmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Pre-exposure rabies vaccination using a new duck embryo vaccine].

An economical, highly purified and concentrated duck embryo rabies vaccine (PDEV) was investigated in relation to pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis. The vaccine was injected subcutaneously according to the then prescribed scheme for human diploid cell rabies vaccines (HDCV). Additionally, a third dose was given on day 120. Serum anti-rabies antibody levels were determined on days 0, 56, 120, und 170. On day 56 all volunteers showed an anti-rabies antibody level of at least 1.0 IU/ml, indicating that PDEV is sufficiently immunogenic to allow its use according to the pre-exposure schedules for HDCV. Some rather low titers noted on day 120 indicate that an early booster dose or a third primary immunization dose is justified, as recently recommended by the WHO.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Immunogenicity of a new, highly purified, highly concentrated duck-embryo rabies vaccine].

The protective value and safety of human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine (HDCV) are well established [6, 8, 11]. At present, however, the high cost and small yields of HDCV has restricted its use, particularly in developing countries where rabies vaccine is needed in large amounts. The inexpensive duck embryo rabies vaccine (DEV), also prepared with the Pitman -Moore strain, is potent and generally safe despite occasional allergic complications [9, 13]. The vaccine has been used with success in several million doses during recent decades [12, 14]. Administered according to the prescribed schedule (14 initial inoculations and 3 boosters), the vaccine has been shown to provide protective antibody titers in pre- and post-exposure use [7, 10]. On the other hand, the immunogenicity of this vaccine did not shorten the administration schedule in a similar way to HDCV. Thus, prior clinical studies using the reduced WHO immunization scheme demonstrated that a concentrated and partially purified DEV containing less than 2.5 IU/ml of rabies antigen elicited sufficient neutralizing antibodies in only 75% of vaccinees [3]. Gl uck et al. [4] clarified the reason for this low immunogenicity: We demonstrated that only about 30-50% of the glycoprotein (GP) in DEV was present on the surface of virus particles. GP, a component of the rabies virus envelope, is the antigen responsible for the induction of neutralizing antibodies. During virus production a non-immunogenic soluble GP may also accumulate. Non-immunogenic GP may be coextracted during vaccine preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Physiopathology of anaphylactic and anaphylactoid shock. A cooperative retrospective study].

The pathophysiology of anaphylactic and anaphylactoid shock states suggests that the rapidly initiated, intensive therapeutic measures to be taken must involve: breathing (ventilation) of (with) 100% oxygen, continuous or semi-continuous sympathicomimetic therapy (epinephrine, isoprenalin, orciprenalin) avoiding excessive single doses, rapid intensive volume substitution, control of metabolic acidosis, bronchospasmolytic therapy, in case of laryngospasm intubation, if not possible coniotomy or transtracheal punction. In case of circulatory arrest possibly also cardiac massage, defibrillation, lidocain, cardioversion. In a retrospective study 91 cases of anaphylactic and anaphylactoid shock were analyzed. Cutaneous vascular changes. Vasodilation was reported in 30 cases, vasoconstriction in 15 cases. Hypovolemia. CVP as measured in 23 cases was less than or equal to 2 cmH2O in 12 cases; in 4 of these cases the early finding and in 2 a rather low hematocrit are in favour of venous blood sequestration. In 2 cases the increase of the hematocrit suggests an extravasation of as much as 1,2 and 1,81 of plasma, respectively. Increase of pulmonary arterial pressure. CVP increased in 2 out of 9 cases suggesting a high pulmonary arterial pressure. Decreased cardiac output (CO). In 3 cases CO as determined in a late shock phase diminished by 37--55%. Blood gas changes. PaO2 was as low as 47--61 mmHg in 4 out of 8 cases, PaCO2 being 29--34 mmHg in 2 of them. It suggests an insufficient oxygen transport. Myocardial involvement. Arrhythmias (non sinus-) were found in 38 cases, of which 14 ventricular arrhythmia and 13 asystole. Serious wave deformation concerned QRS (3), AV-block (2), intraventricular blocks (4). 5 times the reaction resulted in myocardial infarction. A localized coronary spasm in anayphylactic shock was observed during a coronary angiography. Respiratory impairment. Severe respiratory impairment was associated with anaphylactic and anaphylactoid shock in 31 cases (26 bronchospasm, 4 apnea, 1 laryngospasm).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Influenza vaccination with a trivalent whole virus vaccine].

During winter 1979/80 21 trainee nurses aged 18-22 years were vaccinated once with an intact influenza vaccine containing for the first time, two different virus-A subtypes as well as a B-strain. 22 trainee nurses from the same school served as controls. A greater than or equal to 4-fold seroconversion (2 dilution steps) was observed in 67% (A/Texas/77), 83% (A/USSR/77) and 57% (B/Hongkong/73) of the vaccinated, but only in 5% (A/Texas/77, one case) of the non-vaccinated. In the vaccinated group 36 reciprocal titers rose from < 80 to greater than or equal to 80 so that, with 3 exceptions (A/USSR/77, all vaccinees had a reciprocal titer of greater than or equal to 80 after 28 days. In the unvaccinated group only 3 reciprocal titers rose from < 80 to greater than or equal to 80 (A/Texas/77), so that 42 reciprocal titers were still below 80 after 28 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Local reactions after repeated tetanus vaccinations].

Subjects who had exhibited a strong local reaction after vaccination with tetanus toxoid showed a high serum antitoxin titer. This observation confirms earlier findings published in the United States. Since the falloff rate in tetanus antitoxin, year by year, is no more than 30%, such patients should not receive a new booster injection in the following 10 years unless the risk of tetanus is considered great. When boostering these persons, the dose of tetanus toxoid can be reduced to 1-2 Lf.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of the liver protecting compound ES 914 on D-galactosamine induced experimental hepatitis in the rat].

The i.p. application of 400 mg/kg D-galactosamine to rats induces liver damage which histologically resembles hepatitis. As also shown in the present investigation, the transaminases SGOT and SGPT in the serum of the damaged animals strongly increase already within 24 h. In the present investigation part of the animals (rats) was treated with 15, 30, 60, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of a new hepatoprotective preparation alpha,alpha-dithio-dicapronic acid (ES 914, Lipexal Berna) 2 h before and 6 h after the application of the liver damaging substance D-galactosamine (dose 400 mg/kg). ES 914 was applied p.o. whereas D-galactosamine was injected i.p. The transaminases were estimated at the beginning of the experiments as well as 24 h after the injection of D-galactosamine. The statistical evaluation of the results showed an increasing protective effect depending on the increasing dosage of the preparation ES 914. The protective effect begins at the latest with the dose of 30 mg/kg ES 914 and with 60 mg/kg it is highly significant (p less than or equal to 0.001). With a dosage of 500 mg/kg ES 914 the increase of SGOT and SGPT values is virtually abolished.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1977

[Diphtheria epidemic in eastern Switzerland in 1974].

A diphtheria epidemic in the eastern part of Switzerland in 1974 and the measures which were taken for its management and eradication are described. In particular it is pointed out that at present diphtheria displays atypical clinical symptoms in Europe, a fact that renders the diagnosis very difficult in many cases. Therefore, it is important to perform a throat swab in every patient with suspected diphtheria; it is also necessary to explicitly require a search for C. diphtheriae. The early recognition and early treatment of diphtheria with penicillin or erythromycin is of the utmost importance in order to avoid neurological and cardiac complications. With regard to the management and eradication of a diphtheria epidemic, the most important measures are rapid antibiotic protection of all contacts and a widespread immunization of the population. Vaccination of adults with a DiTe vaccine containing a reduced amount of Di-toxoid is recommanded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Antigangrenous effect of an odontological preparation.

Experiments were performed in order to compare the antigangrenous effect of Pyralvex Berna and its components (alcoholic salicylic acid solution and extractum rhei, resp.) with that of an antiphlogistic standard preparation (phenylbutazone). In this experimental model the tails of albino mice are put into water of 55 degrees C for 10 sec. This results in the loss of part of the tail within the following days. In the present investigation, the tail of part of the animals was put into one of the solutions to be examined for 5 sec immediately after exposure to heat as well as on the following 5 days. In the controls 55.65% (on an average) of the original length of the tail were lost, in the animals treated with phenylbutazone 19.10% (on an average) and in the animals treated with Pyralvex 27.25% (on an average) were lost. Thus, the antigangrenous effect of Pyralvex was 77% of that of phenylbutazone. The statistical analysis of the results obtained in the 4th and 5th groups demonstrates that this effect is mainly due to extractum rhei, the antigangrenous effect of which is statistically not significantly different from the antigangrenous effect of Pyralvex (p greater than 0.4).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Intravenous administration of anti-D hyperimmunoglobulin after mismatched transfusion (author's transl)].

620 ml of 0 Rh-positive blood (310 ml CCD.ee + 310 ml CcD.EE) were administered to a 27-year-old 0 Rh-negative (ccddee) woman in connection with an emergency curettage. 16 hours after this mismatched transfusion an intravenous infusion of anti-D hyperimmunoglobulin was started: 8000 mug (13 mug/ml blood) were given within 14 hours (570 mug/h) under strict supervision. The 10% immunoglobulin preparation had been diluted 20 times. There were only slight variations in heart rate and blood pressure, slight fever and mild increase in serum bilirubin after the infusion. There was slight haemoglobinuria in one urine sample, but no signs of kidney damage. The direct Coombs test was slightly positive after two days, negative after four and six days. The indirect Coombs test was negative after six months. The patient has not become pregnant since. Slow intravenous infusion of highly diluted anti-D hyperimmunoglobulin, under strict clinical supervision, is probably appropriate for Rh prophylaxis after transfusion mismatch. The dose of 13 mug/ml could probably be considerably reduced. 250 mug anti-D per hour should not be exceeded.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Electrocardiogramme in anaphylactic shock in humans (author's transl)].

Twenty clinical cases described in the literature were gathered, in which electrocardiographic tracings had been recorded. Electrocardiographic changes were found in all cases, such as sinus tachycardia (12 times), impaired electrical conduction (5 times), ventricular overexcitability (7 times), high P-wave (6 times), changes of the ST (10 times), and of the T-wave (18 times). The reason for these changes might be of a complex nature. Based on experimental investiagations mentioned in the discussion, it may be assumed that beside a direct effect on the myocardial cells, the following mechanisms could have influenced the electrical heart potentials: 1. a constriction of the coronary vessels, 2. a pulmonary vascular constriction, 3. an aggregation of thrombocytes, 4. a peripheral vascular dilatation, 5. a bronchiolar constriction.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1976

[Booster vaccination with a diphtheria-tetanus vaccine for dermo-jet with low diphtheria toxoid content].

Indications are provided on how the organization of polyvaccinations against tuberculosis, poliomyelitis and diphtheria-tetanus in school collectivities can be rationalized. 19 persons aged 19-20 years were vaccinated intradermally with 1.5 Lf diphtheria toxoid and 15 Lf tetanus toxoid (contained in 0.1 ml) by means of a single injection with a jet injector (Dermo-Jet). In cases which had not previously been immunized, vaccination with the toxoid doses employed did not induce detectable antitoxin titers. In all cases which had previously been immunized the antitoxin titers after the booster injection were at least 400 times higher than the protection threshold for diphtheria and 1700 times higher than the protection threshold for tetanus. This was also the case in preimmunized cases which had no detectable antitoxin titer before the vaccination. The increase in antitoxin titer was inversely proportional to the prevaccinal titer in the manner of a logarithmic exponential function. It may be concluded from these results that the benefit of a booster vaccination is particularly high in poorly immunized persons whereas it is clearly limited in cases showing a high prevaccinal titer. The well tolerated intradermal vaccination with the jet injector (Dermo-Jet) can be considered as equivalent to the subcutaneous technic. From the point of view of organization (time consumption, problems of sterilization) this method is much preferable to intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Minor and trace sterols in marine invertebrates. 1. General methods of analysis.

3beta-Hydroxy sterols occurring at a concentration of at least 0.001% of the sterol mixtures of Pseudoplexaura porosa and Plexaura homomalla have been fractionated using a series of refined techniques and subsequently analyzed using combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the development of a procedure for examining the minor and trace components of marine sterol mixtures. A total of 49 sterols were found which spanned a molecular weight range of 274 to 440. In addition delta4-3-keto analogs of cholesterol, 24-methylcholesterol and gorgosterol were found in the extracts of P. homomalla. Initial separation of various natural sterol-containing conjugates and free sterols was found to have a number of advantages. Fractional digitonin precipitation and alumina column chromatography were found to possess greater sterol separation abilities than previously recognized. Many of the minor sterols were found to possess novel structures including a series of short side chain sterols, 19-nor sterols, 5beta-stanols and 4-monomethyl sterols for which structure elucidation work is continuing.

Animals↗