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Biomedical subjects

A Wiklund

Publications and source records attributed to A Wiklund.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

DNA recovery and PCR quantification of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase genes from different soil types.

With the objective of monitoring xenobiotic degrading bacteria in soil, a method for rapid extraction of DNA from soil, amenable to amplification by PCR, was developed. The method was based on lysis by freeze-thawing and subsequent addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and proteinase K. The extraction method required 2 h and was tested on six different soils differing in organic content, water holding capacity and pH, including ones from which DNA extraction is difficult. DNA yields from the soils ranged from 6.1 to 54.0 micrograms of DNA per g soil. The efficiency and reproducibility of the DNA extraction method were evaluated by competitive PCR. The organic content in the soils was a major factor affecting the amount of obtained DNA amenable for amplification by PCR. A PCR primer-pair was designed on the basis of the known nucleotide sequences of several catechol 2,3-dioxygenase genes. The specificity of the primer-pair was demonstrated on different sequenced catechol 2,3-dioxygenase genes and on site-specific bacterial isolates from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil. The concentration of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase DNA in PAH-contaminated sediment undergoing an ex situ compost process was quantified by competitive PCR over a period of 16 weeks. The concentration of PAHs and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase DNA in the soil samples, was found to correlate.

Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase↗
PubMed1993

Influence of triacylglycerol biosynthesis rate on the assembly of apoB-100-containing lipoproteins in Hep G2 cells.

Apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) appears in three forms in the endoplasmic reticulum of Hep G2 cells: (1) tightly bound to the membrane, ie, not extractable by sodium carbonate. This form is glycosylated but protease sensitive when present in intact microsomes, suggesting that it is only partially translocated to the microsomal lumen; (2) extractable by sodium carbonate and present on low-density lipoprotein-very-low-density lipoprotein (LDL-VLDL)-like particles. This form is glycosylated and secreted into the medium; and (3) extractable by sodium carbonate but having a higher density than the LDL-VLDL-like particles. This form, referred to as Fraction I, is glycosylated and protected against proteases when present in intact microsomal vesicles, indicating that it is completely translocated to the luminal side of the microsomal membrane. Fraction I is not secreted into the medium, but it disappears with time from the cell, suggesting that it is degraded. Oleic acid induced a 2.7-fold increase in the rate of the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol but not of phosphatidylcholine in Hep G2 cells. Incubation of the cells with oleic acid had no significant effect on the rate of initiation of the apoB-100-containing lipoproteins, nor did it influence the amount of apoB-100 that was associated with the membrane or the turnover of apoB-100 in the membrane. Instead, it increased the proportion of the nascent apoB polypeptides on initiated lipoproteins that was converted into full-length apoB-100 on LDL-VLDL-like particles, giving rise to an increased amount of these particles in the lumen of the secretory pathway. Pulse-chase experiments showed that incubation with oleic acid gave rise to an increased formation of LDL-VLDL-like particles on behalf of the formation of Fraction I. This effect of oleic acid could partially explain the protective effect of the fatty acid on apoB-100, preventing it from undergoing posttranslational degradation.

Apolipoprotein B-100↗
PubMed1987

Plasma haemoglobin concentrations and other influx variables in blood in connection with transurethral resection of the prostate using distilled water as an irrigating fluid.

Eight patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) using sterile distilled water as an irrigating fluid were studied. The concentrations of plasma haemoglobin, serum sodium, serum prostatic acid phosphatase protein (PAP) and plasma osmolality were determined as possible indicators of absorption of irrigating fluid. In 3 patients there was a marked increase in plasma haemoglobin immediately postoperatively with a maximum of 3.3 g haemoglobin/l plasma. In the remaining 5 patients the plasma haemoglobin level did not exceed 0.7 g/l immediately postoperatively. In all cases there was a fairly rapid return of the elevated plasma haemoglobin level to preoperative values. There was also a postoperative increase in the serum PAP level which was not correlated with the simultaneous increase in plasma haemoglobin concentration. There was no significant change in the sodium, potassium or albumin concentration in serum nor in plasma osmolality postoperatively. There was some decrease in the postoperative serum creatinine and uric acid levels. The preoperative serum creatinine concentration was within reference limits in 7 patients and borderline high in 1 patient. The haemoglobin binding plasma protein haptoglobin showed a slight non-significant increase immediately postoperatively and a significant decrease in concentration 2 hours postoperatively. The mean plasma haemoglobin concentration immediately postoperatively did not exceed the mean preoperative haemoglobin binding capacity of serum. The mean preoperative haemoglobin binding capacity was 1.2 g/l and the mean plasma haemoglobin level was 1.2 g/l immediately postoperatively. Two hours later the mean plasma haemoglobin level was 0.8 g/l. The mean serum haptoglobin concentration was 2.4 g/l preoperatively, 2.6 g/l immediately postoperatively and 2.0 g/l 2 hours later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Influence of various irrigation fluids on serum enzyme patterns following transurethral resection of the prostate.

Serum levels of a variety of enzymes were determined preoperatively and repeatedly postoperatively in a comprehensive biochemical study of 60 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). These patients were divided into four groups depending on the type of fluid used for irrigation during TURP. Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, analysed by radio-immunoassay) in serum showed a marked postoperative increase but wide inter-individual variation in all groups. It returned to normal within 24 to 48 hours. When water was used for irrigation, similar but less pronounced increases were observed for serum lactate dehydrogenase (LD, LD-1) and aminotransferases (ASAT, ALAT). This is interpreted as being due to an influx of irrigating fluid into the general circulation from the bladder through opened veins, by absorption from a perivesical accumulation or, in the case of PAP, also from the prostatic wound. The enzyme increases (other than PAP) may be due to their release from haemolysed red cells in the bladder or in a perivesical fluid accumulation, which conjecture is supported by the marked increase also seen in plasma haemoglobin. When iso-osmolar fluids were used for irrigation signs of haemodilution, such as a postoperative decrease in serum sodium, were observed. Several of the variables studied may be used as markers to indicate the quantity of irrigating fluid absorbed during resection. Plasma haemoglobin, serum LD (or LD-1) in connection with water irrigation, serum sodium in connection with iso-osmolar fluid irrigation and serum PAP, regardless of the type of irrigating fluid used, are some practical suggestions for such markers.

Acid Phosphatase↗