PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Wnuk

Publications and source records attributed to A Wnuk.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: clinical observations].

OBJECTIVES: To determine the occurrence of pneumonias in HIV-infected patients in our hospital during 1990-1999; to evaluate the clinical significance of pneumonias in HIV-seropositive patients; to estimate the ethiology of pulmonary infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and two HIV-infected patients, 17 (16.6%) female and 85 (83.3%) male with mean age of 29 +/- 4.5 yrs, were retrospectively analysed. All patients had a physical examination particularly concerning the clinical symptoms of pulmonary infection, X-ray exam and tuberculin skin test (PPD). The stage of HIV infection according to the 1993 CDC classification was determined. All patients had the microbiology test of sputum (Pc, TB, fungi, other pathogen). In some cases the bronchofiberoskopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. RESULTS: One hundred and two HIV-positive patients had 129 episodes of pneumonia. We determine the bacterial ethiology in 94/129 (72.9%) cases--TB in 11/129 (8.5%) cases. Fourteen patients had 23 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PcP). Three patients had CMV--pneumonitis, detected post mortem. In seven cases the ethiology of pulmonary infection was unknown. In summary the ethiology of pneumonia was determined in 58/129 (44.9%) cases. Thirty three patients were died. The pulmonary infections were main cause of death in 23 (67.7%) persons. CONCLUSIONS: In the era of high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the pulmonary infections in HIV-positive patients are the main cause of death as before. The PPD test is useless in HIV-positive patients. We make a note the increase cases of TB in HIV-infected patients during the time of observations.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Herpes zoster--clinical aspects].

Clinical course of herpes zoster was assessed in 119 immuno-competent and in 28 immuno-compromised hosts. Complications of herpes zoster were observed in one third cases. However, the frequency of post-herpetic neuralgia was lower than that seen by other authors. Despite severe underlying diseases in compromised hosts, good outcome of herpes zoster was obtained. It may be related to the use of aciclovir in all these cases. Early and rational treatment with aciclovir is important for decreasing of the frequency of severe complications of herpes zoster.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1991

[Level of erythropoietin and parathormone in blood plasma during acute rejection of kidney transplant].

The acute rejection of kidney transplant is accompanied by kidney ischaemia which in turn is a triggering factor for erythropoietin (EPO) synthesis. It was shown, on the other hand, that during the rejection an increase in blood serum parathormone (PTH) concentration takes place. The present study was aimed at answering the question what is the effect of acute rejection of kidney transplant on blood serum concentrations of EPO i PTH. Seventeen patients with kidney transplant participated in the study. In all the patients the investigations were carried out four times: 1--few days before rejection, 2--after ascertaining that kidney transplant is being rejected, 3--immediately after rejection, and 4--few days after completing the anti-rejection therapy. High doses of methylprednisolone were used as anti-rejection therapy. Control group consisted of 16 healthy persons. Acute rejection of kidney transplant was accompanied by a significant increase in blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH. After methylprednisolone therapy, normalization of EPO and decrease in PTH concentration were observed in kidney transplant patients. Significant positive correlations were found between EPO and PTH concentrations in blood serum. It was concluded that acute rejection of kidney transplant is characterized by a significant increase in blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH. Despite the existence of a significant positive correlation between blood serum concentrations of EPO and PTH in patients with kidney transplant, any pathogenic relation between the observed disturbances of secretion of the two hormones seems to be of little probability.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Sympathoneuronal and sympathoadrenal activation during ketamine anesthesia.

The effects of ketamine anesthesia (3 mg/kg i.v.) on cardiovascular parameters and noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in plasma were studied in 12 patients. At 3, 6 and 10 min after induction of anesthesia, a pronounced increase in heart rate (+28%) and in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (+28% and 17% resp.) was observed. Concomitantly noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations increased significantly from 187 to 415 ng/l and from 97 to 271 ng/l, respectively. DBH-activity in plasma remained almost unchanged. From these results it can be concluded that the well known cardiovascular stimulant effect of ketamine is due to greatly enhanced sympatho-neuronal and sympatho-adrenal activity, presumably brought about by a central mechanism of action of the drug. Furthermore, DBH-activity in plasma appeared not to be a reliable index of sympathetic activity in man.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disseminated infection with Saccharomyces kluyveri in a patient with AIDS.

A 47-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome was found to have disseminated Saccharomyces kluyveri infection. The yeast was isolated from blood and cerebro-spinal fluid. An autopsy revealed the presence of the microorganism in many organs including liver, kidneys, pancreas, spleen, lung, and brain. The case confirms a potential pathogenicity of yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces in patients with profound immune deficiency, especially in advanced HIV infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Flow cytometry, basic principles and applications--with special reference to pediatrics].

Flow cytometry in clinical applications and research is the result of knowledge and techniques concerning cyto and fluorochemistry, laser technology, monoclonal antibodies and computer processing. Flow cytometry can assess multiple physical and biological cell properties, in a relatively short period of time. It is specially important, that specimens can concern different types of material: fresh solid tissue, embedded in paraffin, blood, bone marrow, body fluids. Under optimal conditions (standarization of method and quality control) precise and objective analysis of a large number of cells is provided. An experienced team and cooperation with clinicians and pathologists are indispensable for correct clinical interpretation of flow cytometry data. The aim of this study mainly concerns: general principles of flow cytometry operation, clinical applications--especially in paediatrics. It is also an encouragement to use this valuable and modern instrument in clinical and research work.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of tobacco smoking on the human immune system].

The influence of tobacco smoking in development of respiratory, cardiovascular diseases and impairment of foetal development is well documented. Recent studies have shown adverse effects of tobacco smoke on the immune system. Particular place of impact of tobacco smoke is BALT (bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue). Tobacco smoking increases the inflammatory processes and also has an immunosuppressive effect. It is very important in relation to more frequent youth and children diseases linked with the immune system. In school education programmes to prevent tobacco smoking carried out by the Institute of Mother and Child it is also very important to include this aspect.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of comparing flow cytometry examination and histopathology in prognosing of osteogenic sarcoma - preliminary report].

Our preliminary report presents two cases of osteogenic sarcoma examined after initial chemotherapy. In both cases histological maps with morphological effects of chemotherapy and flow cytometry of DNA content in tumour cells were made. Results of flow cytometric DNA histograms were linked with an estimation of the proliferative potential of tumours. The correlations between histological grade, proliferative potential of tumours with the morphological effects of chemotherapy were confirmed in the presented cases. Flow cytometry results were ready in a few hours after surgery, when full histopathological analysis was available in 2-4 weeks. Analysis of the two methods of estimation of osteogenic sarcoma suggests that flow cytometry may be a complementary method to histological examination and estimation of proliferating rate, especially aneuploid cell population and this information can be helpful in clinical management.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of DNA histograms and histopathologic assessment of necrosis after preoperative chemotherapy of osteosarcoma in children and youth].

Analysis of nucler DNA content (DNA histograms by flow cytometry) in 26 children and youth with osteosarcoma treated at the National Research Institute of Mother and Child, was carried out. The relationship between aneuploid populations, index DNA and phases of cell cycle and the clinical course, histopathologic grading and histopathologic assessment of preoperative chemotherapy effect (% of tumour necrosis) were analysed. Osteosarcomas in children with changed schedules of chemotherapy (therapy complications) in relation to the above parameters were also examined. The results show, that increased aneuploid population and index DNA (less distinct for S phase of anueptoid population) are linked with weaker chemotherapy effect. It can indicate a bigger proliferative potential in this kind of tumours - it often occurs with a more dramatic course of disease. According to the authors flow cytometry studies are helpful and complementary to histopathologic diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aneuploidy and histopathological classification, according to the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society and WHO, of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents].

A flow cytometry analysis in children and adolescents with osteosarcoma was carried out. Investigation concerned 32 fresh surgical specimens (from patients after preoperative chemotherapy) and 18 paraffin-embedded tumour tissues (archive material). The correlation of aneuploidy population parameters to malignancy grading acc. to WHO (GI-GIII) and MSC histopathological classification, was investigated. It was shown that all specimens with aneuploid populations correlated with the histophatological diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Thus cytometry analysis can be a useful and rapid complementary method to conventional histophtatological diagnosis. On the contrary, no correlation was found between the aneuploid parameters and the low grade and high-grade osteosarcoma acc. to WHO and MSC classification. The Multicycle computer system is useful in retrospective analysis of paraffin-embedded tumour tissues. It is suggested that for this kind of investigation fresh diagnostic specimens (before preoperative chemotherapy) would be more adequate.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics of osteosarcomas and cell aneuploidy in children and adolescents -- retrospective studies].

The relationship between the clinical status skeletal involvement, frequency of metastases and histopathological grading of osteosarcomas 18 children and adolescents and abnormal DNA content (aneuploidy) was analysed. Our findings demonstrate a correlation between Index DNA (DI), percentage of aneuploidy population to histopathological grading and prognosis. No significant correlation was found between aneuploidy and the site of skeletal involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Flow cytometry estimate of s phase cell cycle and prognosis of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents].

Flow cytometry analysis has been used to measure the S phase in paraffin embedded osteosarcoma tissues of 22 children and adolescents who were surgically treated. The aim of this study was the assessment of S phase cell cycle in relation to survival, localization of tumour and histopathological grading. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of flow cytometry determination of S phase cell cycle as a prognostic factor. Higher percentage of S phase cells predict worse prognosis.

Adolescent↗