Biomedical subjects

A Yildirim

Publications and source records attributed to A Yildirim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Prevalence and epidemiological aspects of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from Kayseri Province, Turkey.

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection and to investigate the risk factors related to heartworm disease in dogs from Kayseri, Turkey. Blood samples were collected from 280 dogs from May 2005 to March 2006 and were examined by membrane filtration-acid phosphatase histochemical staining and antigen Elisa techniques to detect circulating microfilariae and antigens of D. immitis, respectively. Of the total of 280 dogs, 27 were positive for D. immitis with a prevalence value of 9.6%. In addition 29.6% of positive dogs determined to have occult D. immitis infections. D. immitis was the only canine filarial parasite present in the study area. The mean number of microfilariae in infected dogs was 4730+/-5479 per ml of blood. The highest heartworm prevalence were observed in 7-10 age group (28.6%) followed by 4-6 (17.1%) and 0.5-3 (4.8%) age groups. The differences between 0.5-3 and other age groups were found significant, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between 4-6 and 7-10 age groups. The infection was more prevalent in males, larger breeds and the dogs not on prophylaxis. No statistically significant difference was observed between stray and owned dogs. Our results suggest that heartworm treatment and prophylaxis should be considered in Kayseri Province.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in rheumatoid arthritis.

It was reported that lipid peroxidation (LPO) products increase in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and increased LPO products reduce many antioxidants. Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are byproduct of LPO. Paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE), free sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and ceruloplasmin (CP) are enzymes or proteins with antioxidant characteristics. This study aims to determine the levels of LOOHs and SH, and the activities of PON1, ARE, and CP in RA patients. The study included 47 active RA cases and 23 healthy volunteers. The levels of LOOHs and SH, and the activities of PON1, ARE, and CP were determined using appropriate methods. Student's t test and Spearman's correlation analysis methods were employed in the statistical evaluation. The level of LOOHs was found to be higher (p<0.001), while the level of SH and the activities of PON1, ARE, and CP were found to be lower (p<0.001, <0.001, <0.01, and <0.01, respectively) in the RA patient group when compared with the control group. There was a negative correlation between the level of LOOHs and the activity of PON1 in the patient group (r= -0.420 and p<0.01). The results of our study indicate increased oxidant and decreased antioxidant presence in RA patients. PON1 and ARE are known to have antiatherosclerotic effects in addition to their antioxidant characteristics. As the decrease in these antioxidants, resulting from increased oxidative stress in RA patients, development of atherosclerosis besides tissue injury seems inevitable.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on plasma fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of erythrocyte and leukocyte membranes.

Insulin resistance is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is related to the fatty acid profile of the plasma membranes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of cell membranes in patients with type 2 diabetes and, thus, to evaluate the possible factors leading to the alteration of plasma membrane fluidity. The study was performed in 20 healthy control subjects and 32 patients with type 2 diabetes. The fatty acid profiles and cholesterol content of the erythrocyte (RBC) and leukocyte (WBC) membranes were determined by a gas chromatographic method. When one considers the membrane constituents increasing fluidity and the ones decreasing it, the diabetics had a membrane composition decreasing fluidity compared to controls. On the other hand, when compared to control subjects, type 2 diabetic patients showed a significantly higher proportion of C16:0 components in erythrocyte and leukocyte membranes and plasma samples (25.4+/-3.1% vs. 31.1+/-4%; 23.3+/-2.4% vs. 29.3+/-5.2%; 27.6+/-3.9% vs. 34.5+/-5.7%; p<0.005, p<0.01 and p<0.005, respectively). Our results suggest that the ratio of saturated:unsaturated fatty acids changes in plasma and cell membranes of patients with type 2 diabetes. This situation may cause, at least in part, RBC-WBC function abnormalities and insulin resistance because of inconvenient membrane fluidity.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Health-related quality of life after kidney transplantation in comparison intermittent hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and normal controls.

The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) in renal transplantation patients. QOL is one of the important indicators of the effects of medical treatment. In this cross-sectional study, QOL was analyzed in 302 renal transplant recipients compared with 64 hemodialysis (HD) patients, 207 (PD) peritoneal dialysis patients, and 278 normal controls (NC) matched as closely as possible to the grafted patients regarding age, gender, education, and occupation. All groups were asked to estimate their subjective QOL by responding to sociodemographic data, Turkish adapted instruments of the Nottingham Health profile (NHP), and the Short-form 36 (SF-36). Transplant recipients were significantly younger than the HD and PD patients (P < .0001). There was no statistically significant differences between normal controls and transplant patients ages. Among the three renal replacement methods, QOL in transplants was clearly better than that in HD or PD patients (P < .0001). The QOL measured by the NHP and SF-36 scale showed that the normal population was statistically significantly better than the transplant recipients (P < .0001). Transplant renal replacement therapy provides a better QOL compared with other replacement methods.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

The importance of patient satisfaction and health-related quality of life after renal transplantation.

In the last decade, patient satisfaction and quality of life have been accepted as important components of quality of medical care. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine and compare the quality of life and satisfaction in renal transplant patients with end-stage renal disease. In this cross-sectional study, quality of life and patient satisfaction were analyzed in 356 renal transplant recipients, 104 hemodialysis patients, 186 peritoneal dialysis patients. All patient groups were asked to estimate their subjective quality of life and satisfaction by responding to Turkish adapted instruments PSQ III (patient satisfaction questionnaire), 15D (quality of life), and sociodemographic data. The patient satisfaction (PSQ III) and quality of life (15D) mean scores were apparently better among male renal transplant than peritoneal or hemodialysis patients (P < .05). Married transplant patients' health-related quality of life (F = 4.64; P < .05) and satisfaction (F = 4.57; P < .05) mean scores were significantly higher than single or widowed patients. Total scores on the PSQ III showed a significant positive correlation with the total scores of the 15D (r = .842; P < .0001). In this study, the benefits of kidney transplantation were documented by means of satisfaction and quality-of-life assessments. The Turkish adapted PSQ III 18-item scale has excellent reliability and validity. The measure may be valuable for use in clinical trials or routine patient care.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Effect of smoking on semen parameters of men attending an infertility clinic.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of smoking on total sperm count, progressive sperm motility and sperm morphology among couples attending an infertility clinic. METHODS: A total of 223 sperm samples (126 smokers and 97 nonsmokers) from men attending an infertility clinic for routine infertility workup were compared on the basis of standard semen analysis. RESULTS: Cigarette smoking is negatively correlated with progressive motile sperm count (r = -0.1464, p = 0.042), but not with sperm concentration (p = 0.961), total motile sperm count (p = 0.890) and sperm morphology (p = 0.838). Furthermore, packages/ year (cumulative dose of cigarettes) did not correlate with any of the sperm parameters including sperm density (p = 0.976), total (p = 0.559) and progressive (p = 0.406) motile sperm count and sperm morphology (p = 0.449). CONCLUSIONS: Although the effect of smoking on male infertility remains inconclusive, smoking had an adverse effect on the progressive sperm motility, irrespective of total amount of cigarettes smoked per day.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Uncommon content in groin hernia sac.

Groin hernia may have very unusual sac content. Vermiform appendix, acute appendicitis, ovary, fallopian tube and urinary bladder have been rarely reported. We aimed to present our experience with these unusual hernia contents. Records of 1,950 groin hernia patients were retrospectively analyzed. Vermiform appendix was found in 0.51% and acute appendicitis was found in 0.10% of groin hernia sacs. The incidence of appendix in femoral hernia was 5%, while inguinal hernia sac contained ovary and fallopian tube in 2.9% of the cases. The incidence of groin hernias containing urinary bladder was 0.36%. We also had 1 patient with incarcerated bladder diverticula in an indirect hernia sac. Iatrogenic bladder injury occurred in 2 patients. Although rare, a groin hernia sac may contain vermiform appendix and exceptionally acute appendicitis. Tubal and ovarian herniation in inguinal hernias can be found in adult and perimenopausal women with an incidence as high as in children. Urinary bladder hernia occurs with a similar incidence of tuba-ovarian hernia, however, it requires special attention because of a high risk of iatrogenic bladder injury during the inguinal dissection. Every effort should be made to preserve the organ found in hernia sac for an uneventful postoperative period.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

Immunoblotting analysis of somatic components of Dirofilaria immitis.

SDS-PAGE analysis of Dirofilaria immitis extracts demonstrated the complexity of somatic protein component of adult male similar to that of adult female worm. Western blot analysis showed six major peptide bands of 85, 66, 42, 20, 16.2 and 14.5 kDa recognized in the sera of infected dogs. Western blotting sera from dogs with Dirofilaria immitis infection suggest that antigenic components in the low molecular weight region may be related to the anti-parasitic mechanism of the host.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Marker assisted genetic analysis of non-brittle rachis trait in barley.

Brittle rachis is a head shattering mechanism of barley. Two tightly linked complementary genes, btr1 and btr2, were believed to control the non-brittle rachis trait. Position of non-brittle rachis loci btr1btr2 on the short arm of Chromosome 3 was investigated using RFLP markers. Two approaches were employed. First, a Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum fragment that confers brittleness in a cv. Bowman near isogenic line was detected. This fragment is 18-33 cM in length and contains MWG798B, ABG057, MWG014, BCD706 and KFP216 markers of the short arm of Chromosome 3. In the second approach, position of btr1 locus in a H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum (Wadi Qilt 23-38)xH. vulgare subsp. vulgare (cv. Harrington) cross was detected using a selective genotyping approach in BC2F1 generation. F-tests and analysis of genotypic compositions of BC2F1 lines showed that btr1 locus, and supposedly the tightly linked btr2 locus, is in 4.3 cM KFP216-RisP114 interval of short arm of Chromosome 3. Results also yielded clues for the presence of at least two additional loci that affect the non-brittle rachis trait. Allelism tests using genotypes with known non-brittle rachis gene compositions provided additional evidence for presence of such loci.

Biomarkers↗

PubMed2004

Acute severe reversible oligohydramnios induced by indomethacin in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and review of the literature.

Although the association between oligohydramnios and indomethacin use for premature labor has been well known for many years, there have been few cases published about it. We present a case of indomethacin-induced oligohydramnios due to use in a patient for rheumatoid arthritis. A 27-year-old G2P1 woman was referred to our prenatal unit with oligohydramnios at 33 weeks of pregnancy. Ultrasonography revealed severe oligohydramnios with an amniotic fluid index of 0.9 cm. She gave a history of daily 150 mg indomethacin use for newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. All possible reasons for oligohydramnios were excluded and indomethacin was discontinued. In four days the amniotic fluid was observed as normal. We concluded that the oligohydramnios caused by indomethacin occurs quickly, is dose-related and reversible. Amniotic fluid volume should be monitored while using indomethacin.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2004

Vestibular diuresis in suspected Meniere patients.

OBJECTIVE: Diagnosis of Meniere's disease in patients without classical symptoms may present some difficulty. Detection of hydrops in patients with normal or near to normal hearing or presenting unpredictable balance problem with great variability of severity, periodicity and duration is the major concern in reaching the accurate diagnosis to start the therapy as early as possible. METHOD: To investigate the diagnostic role of vestibular diuresis, electronystagmographic (ENG) evaluation of 20 patients with "probable" or "possible" Meniere's disease before and after intravenous furosemid administration has been reviewed in a prospective and blinded study and the results have been compared with 20 age-matched control subjects. RESULT: Eleven of 20 patients with Meniere's disease (55%) and one of 20 subjects in the control group (5%) demonstrated canal paresis at initial ENG testing. Thirteen patients from Meniere group (65%) and 1 subject from control group (5%) demonstrated positive response to furosemid. Seven of 11 patients with canal paresis in the patient group (63.7%) and 6 of 9 patients with no canal paresis at initial testing demonstrated positive response (66%) to furosemid. No statistical difference between these 2 subgroups was found when compared as response to furosemid. It has been found that there is no clear correlation between the duration of the disease and the positive response to furosemid. CONCLUSION: It has been concluded that, although some limitation exists, the sensitivity of furosemid test for evaluation of vestibular function in Meniere's disease is promising as compared with controls.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Setaria equina infection of Turkish equines: estimates of prevalence based on necropsy and the detection of microfilaraemia.

Necropsies on 43 horses, 35 donkeys and two mules slaughtered in Ankara, Turkey, revealed that 12 (15%) of the equines harboured adult Setaria equina. When blood samples were checked for microfilariae, using Knott's method and a combination of membrane filtration followed by histochemical staining for acid phosphatase (AP), only three (4%) of the animals were found to be microfilaraemic. When stained for AP, the S. equina microfilariae exhibited diffuse red staining over the entire body, including the sheath, with brighter staining around the anal and excretory pores. Application of Knott's method revealed only two of the three microfilaraemias detected using the combination of filtration and AP staining. The combination may represent a useful technique for the detection of equine microfilaraemia.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed2003

The effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on oxidative stress in experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Various protocols may be used for acute pancreatitis treatment. Recently, the benefit of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been demonstrated. To clarify the mechanism of HBO on the process of the acute pancreatitis, we determined the levels of antioxidant enzymes in an acute pancreatitis model. Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group I: sham group (n=15), Group II: pancreatitis group (n=15), Group III: pancreatitis group undergoing HBO therapy (n=15). HBO was applied postoperatively for 5 days, two sessions per day at 2.5 fold absolute atmospheric pressure (ATA) for 90 min. Superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) activity were measured in pancreatic tissue and erythrocyte lysate. MDA and GSH Px were also determined in plasma. In addition, amylase levels were measured in the serum. While serum amylase levels and MDA values in erythrocyte, plasma and pancreatic tissue were decreased, the levels of GSH Px and SOD were found to be significantly increased in the Group III as compared to those of the Group II. The findings of our study suggest that HBO has beneficial effects on the course of acute pancreatitis and this effect may occur through the antioxidant systems.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Prevalence and distribution of Dirofilaria immitis in domestic dogs from Ankara and vicinity in Turkey.

A total of 280 dogs in Ankara and vicinity were examined from November 2000 through December 2001 by the PetChek antigen ELISA and polycarbonate filter-acid phosphatase histochemical staining techniques for Dirofilaria immitis infection. Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm) infection was found in 26 dogs (9.3%), all of which were kept always outdoors and non prophylacted by their owners. The distribution of heartworm infected dogs was not uniform. Infection with D. immitis was correlated with differences in age and sex. But, no significant association was found.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2002

The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder cancer.

Radical cystectomy is the gold standard in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer. However, five-year disease-free survival is low most probably due to micrometastatic disease at the time of surgery. The neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be performed as the first line management for invasive bladder tumors in order to treat micrometastases found at the diagnosis and improve resectability of larger neoplasms. A total of 43 patients diagnosed with invasive bladder tumors and 11 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mean age of patients was 64 (43-74) years, and mean follow-up period was 52 months (12-114). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocol consisted of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) or cisplatin, methotrexate, and cisplatin (CMV). All patients in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group underwent radical cystectomy. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to disease-free survival time and overall survival time. In patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the respective disease-free and overall survival times were 31 months and 36 months versus 30 months and 35 months in patients who were treated with surgery only (p > 0.05). Five-year survival rates were 36% and 31% in the chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups, respectively. In the present study, 5-year survival rate was not affected by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder tumor. Complete pathological remission (stage p0) was found in 28% and pathological downstaging (stage < T2) was seen in 9% of patients in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. Five-year survival rates were 75% and 14.2% in patients who responded to chemotherapy, and in patients with no response, respectively (p < 0.05). The most favorable prognostic factor in this study was the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy revealed as complete remission or pathological downstaging. The most important issue remains the prediction of patients who would respond and benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Determination of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Rumex crispus L. extracts.

The antioxidant activities, reducing powers, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities, amount of total phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial activities of ether, ethanol, and hot water extracts of the leaves and seeds of Rumex crispus L. were studied. The antioxidant activities of extracts increase with increasing amount of extracts (50-150 microg). However, the water extracts of both the leaves and seeds have shown the highest antioxidant activities. Thus, addition of 75 microg of each of the above extracts to the linoleic acid emulsion caused the inhibition of peroxide formation by 96 and 94%, respectively. Although the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of seed was lower than the water extract, the difference between these was not statistically significant, P > 0.05. Unlike the other extracts, 75 microg of the ether extract of seeds was unable to show statistically significant antioxidant activity, P > 0.05 (between this extract and control in that there is no extract in the test sample). Among all of the extracts, the highest amount of total phenolic compound was found in the ethanol extract of seeds, whereas the lowest amount was found in the ether extract of seeds. Like phenolic compounds, the highest reducing power and the highest DPPH scavenging activity were found in the ethanol extract of seeds. However, the reducing activity of the ethanol extract of seeds was approximately 40% that of ascorbic acid, whereas in the presence of 400 microg of water and ethanol extracts of seeds scavenging activities were about 85 and 90%, respectively. There were statistically significant correlations between amount of phenolic compounds and reducing power and between amount of phenolic compounds and percent DPPH scavenging activities (r = 0.99, P < 0.01, and r = 0.864, P < 0.05, respectively) and also between reducing powers and percent DPPH scavenging activities (r = 0.892, P < 0.05). The ether extracts of both the leaves and seeds and ethanol extract of leaves had shown antimicrobial activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. However, none of the water extracts showed antimicrobial activity on the studied microorganisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed2001

Prospective analysis of sinus symptoms and correlation with paranasal computed tomography scan.

OBJECTIVES: We designed a prospective study to determine whether there is a correlation between the severity of sinus symptoms and the severity of computed tomography (CT) scan evidence of rhinosinusitis. METHODS: Acute and chronic rhinosinusitis patients rated their symptoms and had a CT scan of the sinuses taken the same day. A Likert severity scale and standardized CT scoring system were used. Data were analyzed by nonparametric methods with Kendall's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The severity of 5 symptoms correlated with severity of disease on CT scan. Headache and facial pain or pressure had no correlation. CONCLUSION: The certainty of a clinical diagnosis of rhinosinusitis requiring treatment is enhanced in patients with high symptom severity scores for fatigue, sleep disturbance, nasal discharge, nasal blockage, or decreased sense of smell. Isolated headache and facial pain or pressure are less reliable predictors of CT scan findings supporting the diagnosis rhinosinusitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Analysis of atmospheric conditions during air pollution episodes in Ankara, Turkey.

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the meteorological conditions that are associated with strong air pollution episodes in Ankara, Turkey. Based on climatological and air quality data [SO2 and TSP (total suspended particulates)] obtained for the winter months during 1989-1994, the analysis showed that the presence of weak atmospheric pressure gradients and warm air advection were the most important factors leading to high SO2 and TSP concentrations. In addition, the onset of the high air pollution episodes was generally associated with a trend toward negative vorticity at the 850-hPa level.

Air Movements↗