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Biomedical subjects

A Z El Ghatit

Publications and source records attributed to A Z El Ghatit.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Paraplegia due to adrenomyeloneuropathy.

Only nine cases of adrenomyeloneuropathy have been reported in the literature. It manifested as adrenal insufficiency, spastic paraparesis, loss of bowel, bladder and sexual functions, and peripheral neuropathy. Our paper describes a patient with the diagnosis of adrenomyeloneuropathy who was admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation. Family and neurological history, physical examination and special laboratory studies such as ACTH stimulation test, electrodiagnostic findings, cystometrogram and sexual function evaluation were essential to establish the diagnosis of this disease. His rehabilitation consisted of bowel and bladder training, ambulation with long-leg braces and crutches, wheelchair mobilization and transfers, and independence of all activities of daily living.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1984

Relationship of hypercalciuria to diet and bladder stone formation in spinal cord injury patients.

We have investigated the effectiveness of a low calcium diet, low sodium diet, and hydrochlorthiazide to reduce urinary calcium excretion in ten spinal cord injured patients during the early phase of their rehabilitation. Five patients were given the regular hospital diet and low calcium diet (300 mg calcium/day diet) on a randomized cross-over design. The other five patients were given four treatment modalities: a. regular diet, b. low calcium diet, c. low sodium diet (2 gm sodium/day diet), d. low calcium diet plus hydrochlorthiazide 25 mg twice a day according to a cross-over randomized block design. Each treatment regimen lasted two weeks and 24-hour urinary calcium concentrations were determined weekly. The result indicated that low calcium diet, low sodium diet or low calcium diet plus hydrochlorthiazide reduced hypercalciuria significantly (P less than 0.01). Low calcium diet combined with hydrochlorthiazide was the most effective treatment for hypercalciuria. In retrospective studies, we found that recently injured patients developed hypercalciuria, however, there was no significant difference in the incidence of bladder stone formation in patients with hypercalciuria compared with those with normal urinary calcium excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Nutrition in spinal cord injury patients.

The nutrient intake and some indices of nutritional state were studied in 22 quadriplegic and 15 paraplegic patients. When measured over two 5-day periods, the average caloric intake recommended for comparable healthy men (2,700 kcal/day) was not achieved by 75% of the quadriplegic and 47% of the paraplegic patients. No overt signs of malnutrition or vitamin deficiencies were observed, but the average hematocrit and serum albumin levels were at the lower limits of normal. The reduced energy needs of spinal cord patients should be considered in the development of desirable nutritional norms for this patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Smoking, spasticity and pressure sores in spinal cord injured patients.

The most important factors for the formation of pressure sores are sufficient pressure for an adequate period of time. Many investigators have shown that psycho-social factors are also associated with pressure sores. We investigated other factors that may relate to higher incidence and more extensive pressure sores. Seventeen paraplegics and 21 quadriplegics were clinically examined regarding the degree of spasticity and the size of their pressure sores were measured. They were interviewed for cigarette smoking habit, the presence of help in skin care and their employment or educational activities. Body weight was obtained and the types of wheelchair cushion used were inspected. The result shows that patients with more pack-years of smoking habit had higher incidence and more extensive pressure sores. Other variables such as level of spinal cord injury, completeness of neurological lesion, the availability of help in skin care, the presence of employment or educational activities, spasticity, and body weight were not associated with pressure sores. The types of wheelchair cushion used by our patients did not correlate to the incidence of pressure sores. In addition, cigarette smoking did not decrease spasticity in our patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Case report. Posterior splint for leg fractures in spinal cord injured patients.

Traumatic fracture of the long bones of the lower extremities may frequently occur in spinal cord injured patients. In the past, conservative treatment with pillow or sand bag splinting was advocated by many clinicans. This paper presents two cases in which posterior splinting was used on the affected leg for stabilization of the fracture with good result and well accepted by patients. Also, the use of Mud bed for prevention of pressure sores was illustrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Educational and training levels and employment of the spinal cord injured patient.

Questionnaire follow-up data were obtained on a sample of 745 male spinal cord injured veterans. Forty percent reported that they had improved their education subsequent to their disability. Postinjury education was not related to level of injury. Significant relationships between pre- and postinjury marital status and improvement in education were found for those who were single, separated, or divorced. An intact post-injury marriage was associated with improvement in education. Those with a higher educational status and those who improved their education following injury were more likely to have obtained employment following injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Carbon dioxide urethral pressure profilometry before and after external sphincterotomy in spinal cord injury patients.

Seven spinal cord injury patients were studied before and after transurethral external sphincterotomy with combined electromyographic and gas urethral pressure profilometry. The technique was simple, rapid, accurate and reproducible in evaluating the completeness of external sphicterotomy. A significant reduction in maximum urethral closure pressure, as well as in the residual urine volume, was a consistent after spincterotomy. The electromyographic profile showed evidence of periurethral striated muscle activity preoperatively in 2 patients with lower motor neuron lesions in whom the bulbocavernosus reflex could not be elicited. Thus, absence of the bulbocavernosus reflex did not eliminate sphincter reflex activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Marriage and divorce after spinal cord injury.

The outcome o,f marriages contracted after spinal cord injury suffered by males was examined via the questionnaire method. Of those whose first marriage occurred after their injury, the divorce rate was 24.4%. Of those whose were married prior to injury and then remarried following injury, 16.4% were divorced. If all post-injury marriages are considered, the divorce rate is 23.1%. This is close to the divorce rate of the United States as a whole. The outcome of post-injury marriages was also examined with respect to time since injury, level of injury, presence of post-injury children, and post-injury education and employment. Particular attention was given to those males who had never been married prior to their injury.

Divorce↗