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Biomedical subjects

A Z Lane

Publications and source records attributed to A Z Lane.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Clinical experience with netilmicin.

From the results from over 150 clinical trials of netilmicin 3376 completed patient treatment courses have been reviewed to assess its efficacy and safety. Fourteen-hundred and twenty-three patients with 2273 infections caused by 2322 pathogens were evaluable for treatment efficacy. Favourable clinical responses were observed in 90% of the infections treated. Eighty-three per cent of the causative pathogens were eliminated from the infection sites. Netilmicin's safety was evaluated in all patients. Nephrotoxicity considered to be probably netilmicin-related occurred in 1.7% of the patients, and was possibly related in an additional 5.2%. Auditory toxicity was probably netilmicin-related in 1.6% and possibly related in 1.9% of the patients. Vestibular toxicity, probably or possibly drug-related, was observed in 0.62% of the patients. Extensive clinical trials with netilmicin have confirmed its excellent efficacy and safety profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Netilmicin: chemical development and overview of clinical research.

Netilmicin is a new semisynthetic aminoglycoside which was developed by Schering Corporation, USA, for the treatment of serious gram-negative and staphylococcal infections. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in animal studies have indicated that netilmicin is both quantitatively and qualitatively safer than other aminoglycosides. Also, netilmicin has a broader spectrum of activity than either gentamicin or tobramycin. 37 clinical studies were conducted by 29 investigators in 10 countries. 840 courses of treatment in 960 infection sites were analyzed for effectiveness. Of the 724 courses in which a clinical determination could be made, 91% had either complete resolution or improvement. Bacteriologic responses were available for 782 infecting organisms and showed an 82% elimination rate. The pharmacokinetic profile of netilmicin permits twice daily administration in most patients with systemic infections and in all patients with urinary tract infections. The clinical safety of netilmicin was measured in 890 evaluable treatment courses, and only 0.4% auditory reactions, 0.6% vestibular reactions, and 0.9% renal reactions were considered to be probably netilmicin related, when netilmicin was given as recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A review of results of clinical trials with amikacin.

Case records of 1,098 patients treated with amikacin at 79 research centers in 10 countries in a program of worldwide clinical trials were reviewed. Of the 697 patients eligible for use in evaluation of efficacy of the drug, 81% were cured, as evidenced by clinical remission and eradication of the infecting pathogen. The usual dosage was 7.5 mg/kg administered intramuscularly at 12-hr intervals. This dosage was modified in patients with renal impairment. Amikacin was effective in 90% of 322 patients with genitourinary infections, 85% of 97 patients with septicemia, 70% of 73 patients with infections of skin, soft tissue, or bone (excluding burns), and 69% of 68 patients with infections of the lower respiratory tract. Amikacin was effective in treatment of 88% of 85 infections due to gentamicin-resistant pathogens. The drug was generally well tolerated, and no side effects were reported in 80.6% of the 1,098 patients evaluated. Amikacin shares with other aminoglycosides the risk of ototoxicity and nephtotoxicity; previous exposure to gentamicin was a major factor in the development of such adverse effects. Other adverse reactions were relatively infrequent and in most cases were characterized as mild and transient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Relative incidence of phlebitis caused by continuous intravenous infusion of cephapirin and cephalothin.

In a single-blinded study, two groups of 10 healthy subjects were given cephapirin or cephalothin by continuous intravenous infusion for 5 days, 0.5 g every 6 hr for the first day and then 1.0 g every 6 hr for 4 days. Eight of the cephalothin subjects and two of the cephapirin subjects developed phlebitis. Phlebitis was more severe in the cephalothin group and developed more rapidly, necessitating vein changes six times more often than in the cephapirin group. The less irritating properties of cephapirin demonstrated in this study indicate it may be the more useful cephalosporin analogue for intravenous therapy.

Acetamides↗