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Biomedical subjects

A Zaccaria

Publications and source records attributed to A Zaccaria.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Chromosome radiation-induced aberrations in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Possible correlation with second malignancy?

The karyotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes has been studied in a group of patients with Hodgkin's disease. Before any therapy, the karyotype was either normal or aneuploid. A few months after radiotherapy (total nodal irradiation) a conspicuous amount of structural chromosome aberrations was found. Three to six years after completion of radiotherapy, the lymphocyte karyotype was almost normal, even if stable ionizing radiation-induced aberrations were still detectable. This is consistent with the normal behaviour of these patients and with the long-lasting effect of radiations on nuclear D.N.A. Owing to the close relationship between ionizing raditions and chromosome aberrations on one hand, and abnormal karyotypes and tumors on the other, it cannot be overlooked that these aberrations may play an important role, together with other carcinogenic factors, in the development of second malignancies in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

CBF changes after (-)eburnamonine infusion in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.

The authors have made a study of CBF after (-)eburnamonine infusion, during angiographic examination of 6 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, for a hemodynamic evaluation of the drug efficacy on CBF. The measurement of CBF was done by 133Xe according to the method of Lassen and Ingvar. A correlation between clinical findings, angiographic findings and CBF changes was done to state the employment of (-)eburnamonine in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1978

Clinical contribution to the knowledge of hemopoietic dysplasias: long-term follow-up of 13 patients with refractory anemia.

Refractory anemia (RA) is an hematologic disorder at risk of developing into a malignancy (hemopoietic dysplasia). Information on hemopoietic dysplasias is useful for sharpening the appropriate diagnostic criteria and for the search of an appropriate therapy. Moreover, hemopoietic dysplasias provide an interesting opportunity, in humans, for studying a developing leukemia, or a disease situated at the boundary of leukemia. This paper reports on the evolution of RA in 13 patients followed up more than 2 years, through clinical observation, blood and marrow examination, and karyotype analysis. 4 of these 13 patients developed acute or subacute myeloid leukemia. An additional patient died because of severe thrombocytopenia. In these 5 patients, dyserythropoiesis was accompanied by thrombocytopenia, marrow myeloblastosis, and nonrandom chromosome abnormalities.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Acute promyelocytic leukemia: results of therapy and analysis of 13 cases.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was diagnosed in 13 of 84 adult patients (15.4%) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) first admitted between 1972 and 1976. All patients had clinical and/or laboratory evidence of defibrination syndrome. Four patients died of cerebral hemorrhage within 2 days of admission. Two patients died of generalized infection on days 7, and 16, respectively, after admission. The remaining 7 patients (54%) underwent complete remission (CR) with daunomycin, arabinosyl cytosine, and adriamycin. All patients received massive platelet transfusion, no heparin, and no granulocyte transfusion. CR was more frequent in patients with a very low blast cell count and a fibrinogen level higher than 100 mg/100 ml. Median survival of these seven CR patients with APL is similar (15 months) to that of CR patients with other types of AML treated at the same institution during the same period.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica.

OBJECTIVE: To review the data on the epidemiology of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), in particular geographical and temporal differences in incidence and its risk factors including the actinic hypothesis. METHODS: Evaluation of the literature. RESULTS: Epidemiological data show that the incidence of PMR varies between 12.7/100,000 in Italy and 112.6/100,000 in Norway with a geographical gradient of increased frequency in the northern hemisphere. The incidence of PMR and giant cell arteritis (GCA) have increased in recent years. This observation may be related to a greater awareness of the disease but also to real epidemiological changes. Risk factors for PMR/GCA include infections, smoking, sun exposure, and nulliparity. CONCLUSION: Epidemiological studies have helped to unravel the etiopathogenic factors at work in PMR/GCA. More data are needed on the correlation between the incidence of PMR/GCA and epidemics of infectious diseases and on environmental and biological risk factors.

Europe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of CT assessment of mediastinal lymph nodes in the preoperative staging of T1 pulmonary carcinoma].

The utility of the preoperative staging of T1 lung cancer is controversial. This is due to a lower prevalence of N2 metastases in tumors of small diameter. To assess the prevalence of N2 metastases in such tumors and the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography in mediastinal sadiation, the authors reviewed CT scans and pathology reports of 56 patients who had undergone surgical resection of a T1 lung cancer so distributed: Adenocarcinoma 20 cases, adenosquamous carcinoma 14, Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma 7, Undifferentiated 7, Carcinoid 5, Small cells carcinoma 3. Mediastinal nodal metastases were present in 11 patients: 6 of them were correctly detected by CT scan. Some differences in terms of N2 prevalence and sensitivity were noted when the T1 were divided in two groups of diameter greater or smaller of 2 cm. Important considerations derived after dividing our patients according to the histological type. The prevalence of N2 metastases was greater in adenocarcinoma than in adenosquamous carcinoma but CT sensitivity was lower in adenocarcinoma (40% Vs 100%). The authors conclude that the prevalence of N2 metastases is high enough to request a preoperative sadiation, but the utility of CT in this purpose is limited by a low sensitivity.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

M-BCR breakpoint location does not predict survival in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Some reports in the recent literature have shown that the site of molecular rearrangement within the M-BCR area may have a prognostic value in Ph1 + CML patients. A number of studies have, however, failed to demonstrate this finding. Here we report the molecular rearrangements of 107 patients and their clinical follow-up. METHODS: Localization of the breakpoints was determined according to conventional criteria, after digestion with 2 to 4 restriction endonucleases and hybridization with 1 or 2 molecular probes. RESULTS: Sixty two patients were rearranged in the 5' area and 45 in the 3' area: there was no difference between the survival curves of the two groups, at least not after 3 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The site of the breakpoint within the M-BCR has no prognostic significance in our series.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular diagnosis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia.

BACKGROUND: In virtually all Ph1 chromosome-positive CML patients, the breakpoint on chromosome 22 maps in a very restricted area of 5.8 Kb, which has been named "breakpoint cluster region" or "bcr". Several molecular probes of this region are presently available, and this makes the molecular diagnosis of CML a useful approach which can be particularly important in those cases in which cytogenetic analysis does not reveal the presence of a Ph1 chromosome. Here we report the problems and our experience during the molecular analysis of the 478 patients examined so far. METHODS: Molecular analyses were performed after digestion of the DNA with 2 to 4 restriction enzymes and hybridization with different probes. Individual samples were subjected to PCR since no rearrangements had been obtained with Southern blotting. RESULTS: Rearrangement bands were detected in all the samples examined. In 473 cases the breakpoint was located within the bcr. In one of these cases, it was detected only after PCR analysis, and in two cases only after the use of the PHL/BCR probe. In 5 cases the breakpoint was localized either 5' or 3' with respect to the bcr. CONCLUSIONS: In this paper, the criteria for a correct molecular diagnosis of CML are presented. The "PHL/BCR" probe appeared to be very specific and time-saving, since it required only one digestion to evidence the rearrangement. Our results confirm the high specificity of the breakpoint on chromosome 22 in CML and the relatively rare incidence of molecular variants.

Base Sequence↗