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Biomedical subjects

A Zadra

Publications and source records attributed to A Zadra.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Dynamics of slow-wave activity during the NREM sleep of sleepwalkers and control subjects.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the number and distribution of awakenings from slow-wave sleep (SWS) and both the power and dynamics of EEG slow-wave activity (SWA) in sleepwalkers and controls. Somnambulism is considered to be a disorder of arousal from NREM sleep and related to anomalous SWS and SWA. Power spectral analyses have never been used to quantify patients' SWA across sleep cycles. DESIGN: N/A SETTING: N/A PATIENTS: A polysomnographic study was performed on 15 adult sleepwalkers and 15 age- and sex-matched controls. INTERVENTIONS: N/A MEASUREMENTS & RESULTS: Sleepwalkers had a significantly greater number of awakenings from SWS than did control subjects. Controls showed a greater decrease in SWA across NREM cycles. Sleepwalkers had a significantly lower level of SWA during the first NREM period, where most awakenings take place. CONCLUSION: Sleepwalkers appear to suffer from an abnormality in the neural mechanisms responsible for the regulation of SWS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Nightmares and bad dreams: their prevalence and relationship to well-being.

This study, for the first time, distinguishes between nightmares and bad dreams, measures the frequency of each using dream logs, and separately assesses the relation between nightmares, bad dreams, and well-being. Eighty-nine participants completed 7 measures of well-being and recorded their dreams for 4 consecutive weeks. The dream logs yielded estimated mean annual nightmare and bad-dream frequencies that were significantly (ps < .01) greater than the mean 12-month and 1-month retrospective estimates. Nightmare frequency had more significant correlations than bad-dream frequency with well-being, suggesting that nightmares are a more severe expression of the same basic phenomenon. The findings confirm and extend evidence that nightmares are more prevalent than was previously believed and underscore the need to differentiate nightmares from bad dreams.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pain in dreams.

Little is known about pain in dreams. Some studies indicate that it is rare and that it may be beyond the representational capability of dreaming. However, the present study describes experiences of dreamed pain that were reported incidentally in experiments on the effects of somatosensory stimulation administered during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Dreams were selected from five subjects who had reported at least one instance of dreamed pain in these studies. The subjects had undergone 42 stimulation trials over 20 nights and had reported a total of 13 dreams (31%) with one or more references to pain. Most often, these references appeared to be direct, untransformed incorporations of real sensations produced by stimulation. Pain was the principal motivating agent in a majority of these dreams and was in many cases associated with strong emotion--typically anger. Dreams often depicted the subjects' attempts to obtain relief from pain, in some cases by repetition of actions, in others by metaphoric renditions of the goal. The results indicate that although pain is rare in dreams, it is nevertheless compatible with the representational code of dreaming. Further, the association of pain with dream content may implicate brainstem and limbic centers in the regulation of painful stimuli during REM sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Complications in surgical management of pelvic fractures].

In the care of pelvic injuries complications arise because of organizational and technical factors, some of which are described here. The following measures are important: autotransfusion, emptying the bladder and catheterization, checking and protection of the colon, correct management of the operation table, and prophylactic measures to avoid thrombosis. From an operational/technical point of view, it is most important that a larger with good exposure route be chosen that takes the anatomical structures into account. Of 123 cases, 20% were not ideally reduced. Twice massive bleeding occurred from the A. glutea superior, once the sacral dura was opened without any adverse effects, infection occurred 8 times and 10 times peroneal paralysis was observed.

Acetabulum↗