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A Zain

Publications and source records attributed to A Zain.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dermal exposure to the herbicide-paraquat results in genotoxic and cytotoxic damage to germ cells in the male rat.

The effects of exposure to low doses of paraquat, a herbicide, via the dermal route were studied on the spermatozoa of Sprague-Dawley rats. Paraquat (1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium dichloride) was administered once a day for five days, at intervals of 24 h at 0, 6, 15 and 30 mg/kg, and the rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14, 28, and 42 after the last exposure. The sperm suspensions were obtained by mincing the caudae epididymes and ductus deferens for the purpose of performing a sperm morphology test, sperm count and analysis of sperm mortality and sperm motility, as per the standard procedures. The sperm count was decreased (p < 0.05) only on days 7 and 14 but sperm abnormalities increased on all days (p < 0.05). Sperm mortality increased at higher dose-levels (p < 0.05) except on day 42, and motility was affected by 30 mg/kg only on day 42. In conclusion, paraquat is a genotoxic and cytotoxic agent to germ cells in the male rat.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2005

Adalimumab in clinical practice. Outcome in 70 rheumatoid arthritis patients, including comparison of patients with and without previous anti-TNF exposure.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the fully human recombinant monoclonal anti-TNF antibody adalimumab in routine clinical practice, including comparison of patients with and without previous anti-TNF exposure. METHODS: We prospectively studied the outcome of 70 rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with adalimumab in normal clinical practice. The primary outcome measures were Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), EULAR (European League Against Rheumatism) response and Health Assessment Questionaire (HAQ). RESULTS: Seventy-seven per cent achieved a EULAR response (26% good, 51% moderate) and 19% were in remission. The mean decrease in DAS28 was 2.1 (6.3-4.2; P<0.001). The mean decrease in HAQ score was 0.34 (2.07-1.73; P<0.001), 66% achieving a clinically significant decrease of greater than 0.22. Twenty-three per cent stopped treatment because of side-effects (7%) or failure to respond (16%). Of the 26 patients who had previously tried 29 biologicals, 65% responded to adalimumab. There was no significant difference in the change in mean DAS (P = 0.69) or HAQ (P = 0.88) between groups with and without previous anti-TNF exposure. Of the 13 patients with previous secondary failure to infliximab, 77% responded to adalimumab. Patients with previous secondary failure had significantly better improvement in DAS (P = 0.023) than patients with previous primary failure. CONCLUSION: Our clinical experience confirms that adalimumab is effective and safe in the treatment of RA. It also shows adalimumab is effective in patients with previous biological failures, particularly patients with secondary failure to infliximab.

Adalimumab↗