Biomedical subjects

A Zolotor

Publications and source records attributed to A Zolotor.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: management.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder of childhood and often persists into adulthood. ADHD is a neurophysiologic disorder defined in behavioral terms and associated with significant morbidity in the realms of social and academic success, and self-esteem. ADHD is often associated with comorbid psychiatric disorders and learning disabilities, which further impede the successful development of these persons. It is essential that family physicians be knowledgeable about the presentation and diagnosis of ADHD. Stimulant medications continue to be the mainstay of treatment, although many other medications (such as antidepressants and alpha blockers) are helpful adjuvants to therapy. Current recommendations for treatment include an individualized, multimodal approach involving parents, teachers, counselors and the school system. Treatment follow-up includes monitoring response to medications in various settings, as well as side effects. With time and interest, the family physician can develop the skills needed to treat this disorder.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

School performance in a longitudinal cohort of children at risk of maltreatment.

OBJECTIVE: Previous research has suggested that child maltreatment is associated with poor school performance. However, previous studies have largely been cross-sectional or, if longitudinal, have had small sample sizes, short follow-up periods, or have not adequately controlled for confounders. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between child maltreatment and school performance in a cohort of children at risk of maltreatment and followed since birth. METHOD: This prospective study followed children born at risk for maltreatment with semi-annual reviews of the North Carolina Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect. At ages six and eight years, children's teachers were surveyed using the Achenbach Teacher Report Form and project-developed questions regarding peer status. This information, along with control variables from maternal interviews, was used in logistic regression models to determine the impact of maltreatment on academic performance, peer status, and adaptive functioning. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) method was applied to adjust variance estimates for within-person correlations of school performance measures at two points in time. RESULTS: A substantiated maltreatment report is significantly associated with poorer academic performance (p < 0.01) and poorer adaptive functioning (p < 0.001) but not with peer status. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the consequences of maltreatment, including poor academic performance and adaptive functioning, is important in planning educational, health, and social service interventions that may help abused or neglected children succeed in school and later in life. Longitudinal analysis is the best way to establish a causal relationship between maltreatment and subsequent school problems.

Achievement↗

PubMed1994

A disease locus for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia maps to chromosome 9q33-34.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), or Osler-Weber-Rendu disease, is an autosomal dominant vascular dysplasia of unknown pathogenesis leading to 'widespread' dermal, mucosal and visceral telangiectases and recurrent haemorrhage. We have mapped the HHT gene, by linkage analysis, to markers on 9q33-34 in two large multi-generation families. Haplotype analysis and mapping of recombination breakpoints gives a 4 cM interval between D9S61 and D9S63 as the most likely location of the gene. The closest marker, D9S65, is estimated to be within 1 cM of the gene and shows a combined lod score of 11.41. Two potential candidate genes, COL5A1 and ZNF79, are also located within 9q33-34. These results provide a starting point for the eventual cloning of the HHT gene.

Adult↗